Hungarian National Council

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The replacement of the Austro-Hungarian monarchy by nation states
Mihály Károlyi proclaimed the republic

The Hungarian National Council (Hungarian. Magyar Nemzeti Tanács ) was an institution from the period of transition from the Kingdom of Hungary to the People's Republic in 1918. At the party congress of the Hungarian Social Democrats in October 1918, the left-wing socialist minority around József Pogány demanded an independent policy based on the should support emerging workers and soldiers' councils. On the other hand, Zsigmond Kunfi pushed through in the SPU that an alliance was entered into with Count Mihály Károlyi's left-wing liberal "48 party" and the bourgeois-radical rural party Oszkár Jászis . These three parties founded the Hungarian National Council on October 25th (see also aster revolution ).

The National Council called for a 12-point program, above all the immediate end of the war , the independence of Vienna, the recognition of the rights of minorities in a "Federation of Hungarian Nations", a comprehensive agrarian reform, freedom of assembly, association and freedom of expression and that general, equal, including the right to vote encompassing women .

Emperor Charles I, who was also King of Hungary as Charles IV , dismissed the previous Prime Minister István Tisza at the end of October and temporarily appointed Count János Hadik , in order to finally appoint the red Count Mihály Karoly as head of cabinet. On November 16, 1918, the members of the Hungarian Parliament, which came from before the war, transferred supreme state power to the Károlyi government, which then proclaimed the Hungarian Democratic Republic .

It was replaced by the Hungarian Soviet Republic under Béla Kun , which lasted from March 21 to August 6, 1919, after which the Kingdom of Hungary was re-established on March 21, 1920 , which existed under the Imperial Administrator Horthy until December 21, 1944.

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literature

  • András Siklós: Magyarország 1918/1919 - Események, képek, dokumentumok; Kossuth Könyvkiadó - Magyar Helikon Rt., 1978. ISBN 963-09-10977 (Hungarian)
  • István György Tóth (ed.): History of Hungary. Budapest, 2005. ISBN 9631352684
  • Iván Völgyes (Ed.): Hungary in Revolution, 1918-19. Nine essays. Univ. of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, 1971 (Eng.)
  • Mihály Károlyi: Against a whole world: my fight for peace . Munich: Verl. Für Kulturpolitik, 1924 (written in Ragusa, September 1922)
  • Gyula Andrássy : Diplomacy and World War. Ullstein, Berlin / Vienna 1920

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