Great Emperor of China

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The ancient emperors of China are historically undetectable rulers of Chinese mythology who are considered to be the founders of Chinese culture . The three sovereigns (also: three sublime ones) and the five emperors belong to the original emperors of China.

The three sovereigns / the three exalted

The Shiji of Sīmǎ Qiān ( Chinese  司馬遷  /  司马迁 ), in the adaptation of Sīmǎ Zhēn ( 司馬 貞  /  司马 ca., approx. 656–720, Shǐjì Suǒ yǐnxù 史記 索隱 序  /  史记 索隐 序 ), reported by three sovereigns ( 三皇 , Sān Huáng ) of the prehistory of China:

  • Heavenly sovereign ( 天皇 , Tiānhuáng ) who ruled for 18,000 years
  • Earth sovereign ( 地 皇 , Dìhuáng ) who ruled for 11,000 years
  • Human sovereignty ( 泰皇 , Tàihuáng or 人 皇 , Rénhuáng ) who ruled for 45,600 years

The books Chūnqiū Yùndǒushū ( 春秋 運 斗 樞  /  春秋 运 斗 枢 ) and Chūnqiū Yuánmìngbāo ( 春秋 元 命 苞 ) identify them as:

  • Fúxī : God
  • Nǚwā : Goddess, Fuxi's wife
  • Shénnóng the human god who invented agriculture and was the first to use herbs as medicine

The five emperors

As the Five Emperors ( 五帝 , Wǔ Dì ), Chinese historiography names the mythical model rulers who are said to have ruled the country before the beginning of the dynasties. There are:

Yao and Shun are also known as the two emperors who, along with Yu , the founder of the Xia Dynasty , were the exemplary rulers and moral models of Confucianism .

The Chinese idea was that the oldest emperors lived like in paradise. Before more concrete reigns were invented, reigns between 18,000 and 11,000 years were thought of. After that it became more and more human. And from the Xia dynasty to the Shang dynasty to the Zhou dynasty , everything got worse and worse.

The reigns of the original emperors were considered the golden age of China.

literature

See also