Vöppstedt

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Ruins of the Jacobus Church in Vöppstedt

Vöppstedt , also Vepstedt or Veppstedt , was a settlement in the area of ​​today's town of Salzgitter-Bad . The ruins of the village church and the surrounding cemetery are still preserved today.

history

The first mention of Vöppstedt comes from a document from Otto I of January 17, 941. In this document, the king placed the newly founded Ringelheim monastery under his protection and confirmed its possessions. These had flowed to the monastery from a donation from Count Immad (Ymmat) of the Immedingen family , who had transferred his property in Ringelheim and the surrounding area to the monastery, including lands in Vepstete .

Another unequivocal mention of Vöppstedt dates from October 1174, when the place was mentioned under the name Vepstide in the document book of the Hildesheim Monastery . At that time there were seven farms and the document confirms that one of these houses and seven Hufen land belonged to the Wöltingerode monastery . In the 13th century the salt tithe in Vöppstedt was transferred to the Georgenberg Abbey in Goslar.

The defining word of the place name vep can be derived from the Germanic word uep for swamp , which describes the location of the place in the swamp area of ​​the salt springs of Salzgitter. The basic word -stedt stands for site and was used in Ostfalen for a long time to name localities.

One reason for the settlement of Vöppstedt was probably the salt springs in the area of ​​today's old town of Salzgitter-Bad. During excavations in the 1970s, boiling residues were found there, according to which salt production had already taken place around 600. Since the area around the salt springs was very swampy and difficult to access, the salt boilers lived in the surrounding towns, next to Vöppstedt in the east of the salt springs in lattice in the west and Kniestedt in the northeast. In the centuries that followed, the area around the salt springs was drained by embankments up to seven meters high, the access route was made passable with planks and the place was secured by ramparts, ditches and gates. The Vöppstedter then moved into the fortified area, around 1350 the former settlement had fallen desolate .

Vöppstedter Church

The church of Vöppstedt was dedicated to St. James . When this was built is not known, it was first mentioned in a document in the 12th century. After the people of Vöppsted moved to nearby Salzgitter, the church continued to be used as a church for the dead. The church was destroyed either during the Hildesheim beer feud (1481–1486) or the Hildesheim collegiate feud (1519–1523) as well as during the Thirty Years' War and rebuilt each time. It was used as a chapel for the dead until 1806, today the ruin is a memorial for the victims of war and violence.

Vöppstedter cemetery

Gercke Jacobi mausoleum

The cemetery around the Vöppstedter Church was the only burial place in the salt city until the 19th century. When there was no longer enough space, a new Protestant cemetery was laid out in 1886. Since then, only a few burials have taken place in the old cemetery, the last probably around 1920 in an old family grave. The cemetery is now a listed building, around 30 of the old tombstones are still preserved, the oldest from the beginning of the 19th century. These include the gravestones of the Unger family, who worked here as inspectors of the Liebenhalle salt works. Even Emil Langen (1824-1870), founder of the ironworks Salzgitter , was buried here. Likewise Heinrich Ahrens (1808–1874), legal philosopher and member of the constitutional committee of the Frankfurt National Assembly .

A mausoleum was built on the northeast edge of the cemetery in 1872, in which the patrons Ludwig Gercke (1795–1876) and his sister Minna Jacobi (1799–1872) were buried. The siblings had u. a. financed the construction of the old town school and a nursing home (later Gildehaus) and contributed to the renovation of the St. Mariae Jakobi Church .

By 1967 the cemetery and the ruins of the church were redesigned into a memorial for the victims of the two world wars and the Third Reich . The memorial in memory of the victims of the Franco-Prussian War of 1870/71 was moved here from Marienplatz in Salzgitter-Bad as early as 1958.

literature

  • Ursula Wolff: The Vöppstedter cemetery in Salzgitter-Bad . In: History Association Salzgitter e. V. (Ed.): Salzgitter Yearbook 1995/1996 . tape 17/18 , 1996, ISSN  0723-757X , p. 102-132 .
  • O. Kiecker, C. Borchers (ed.): Art monuments of the province of Hanover . Issue 7: District of Goslar. Self-published by the provincial administration, Hanover 1937, p. 219-223 .
  • Heinz Kolbe, Wolfram Forche and Max Humburg: the history of the saltworks salt-love hall and the old salt town . In: Stadtarchiv Salzgitter (Ed.): Contributions to the city history . tape 1 . Salzgitter 1988.

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Jörg Leuschner, Reinhard Försterling, Renate Vanis, Christine Kellner-Depner, Walter Wimmer, Dirk Schaper: Ringelheim . Ed .: Archives of the City of Salzgitter - Editing: Jörg Leuschner, Reinhard Försterling, Gabriele Sagroske, Bettina Walter and Sigrid Lux ​​(=  contributions to the city's history . Volume 29 ). Salzgitter 2015, p. 52-56 .
  2. ↑ Kolbe: Saline Salzliebenhalle , p. 58
  3. ↑ Art Monuments of the Province of Hanover , p. 219
  4. ↑ Kirstin Casemir: The place names of the district Wolfenbüttel and the city of Salzgitter (=  Lower Saxony place name book . Volume 3 ). Verlag für Regionalgeschichte, 2003, ISBN 3-89534-483-4 , p. 335–336 (At the same time: Diss. University of Göttingen, 2002).
  5. ^ Kolbe: Saline Salzliebenhalle , pp. 20–35
  6. ^ Kolbe: Saline Salzliebenhalle , pp. 55, 58, 177

Coordinates: 52 ° 2 ′ 47.3 "  N , 10 ° 22 ′ 44.5"  E