Vasily Leonidowitsch Omeljanski

Vasily Leonidovich Omeljanski (. Scientific transliteration Vasilij Leonidovič Omeljanskij , Russian Василий Леонидович Омелянский * 26 ^{. Jul} / 10 March 1867 ^greg. In Poltava , Russian Empire ; † 21st April 1928 in Gagra , USSR ) was a Russian microbiologist and Winogradsky's pupil .

Live and act

Omeljansky was the youngest son of a high school teacher from Zhytomyr . Since 1885 he was enrolled at the University of Saint Petersburg , where he attended the lectures of Mendeleev and Menschutkin . 1889-1891 he worked under the direction of Menschutkin and published his first scientific treatise. Due to financial difficulties, he interrupted his career at the university and worked as a chemical laboratory technician in a metal factory in southern Russia. In 1893, on the recommendation of Menschutkin, Omeljanski became Winogradsky's assistant at the newly founded Imperial Institute for Experimental Medicine (IEM), where he dealt with issues of nitrification and fermentation processes .

In 1909 he published the textbook "Fundamentals of Microbiology" ( Russian Основы микробиологии ), which was one of the first of its kind in Russia and was the standard work on microbiology at Soviet universities until the 1950s. In 1922 his "Practical Guide in Microbiology" followed ( Russian Практическое руководство по микробиологии ). In this way he contributed to establishing the scientific methodology of Winogradsky and the " Delft School of Microbiology" in the Soviet Union .

From 1912 until his death he headed the Department of General Microbiology at the IEM as successor to Winogradsky and in this function edited the first Russian bilingual academic journal "The Archive of Biological Sciences" ( Russian Архив биологических наук ) and since 1924 the journal " Advances in Biological Chemistry "( Russian Успехи биологической химии ).

Around 1900 Omeljansky was also one of the strongest chess players in Saint Petersburg.

literature

• Ackert Jr., LT: The role of microbes in agriculture: Sergei Vinogradskii's discovery and investigation of chemosynthesis, 1880-1910. In: Journal of the History of Biology 39, pp. 373-406. doi: 10.1007 / s10739-006-0008-2
• Ackert Jr., LT: The "cycle of life" in ecology: Sergei Vinogradskii's soil microbioloy, 1885-1940 . In: Journal of the History of Biology 40, pp. 109-145. doi: 10.1007 / s10739-006-9104-6
• Schmidt, A .: Syntrophic oxidation of butyrate and ethanol (dissertation, University of Konstanz), 2014, pp. 14–36. urn : nbn: de: bsz: 352-0-267943
• Waksman, SA: Professor VL Omeliansky . In: Soil Science 26 (4), pp. 254-256.
• Zavarzin, GA: Winogradsky and modern microbiology. In: Microbiology 75 (5), pp. 501-511. doi: 10.1134 / S0026261706050018

Web links

Commons : Vasily L. Omelianski  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files