Vellum paper
Vellum paper , short- Velin is an evenly textured and smooth, the parchment visually similar paper .
Properties and origin of the term
The smoothness was achieved by using particularly fine-meshed copper wire sieve inserts , the égoutteur sieve , when scooping. Unlike with handmade paper, the ribbing of the ladle is not visible.
The term is derived from vellum , a high-quality type of parchment . The vellum paper was considered a special feature at the time, when the hand-made paper sheets necessarily had a structure with the characteristic ribs and webs through the hand strainer . In its early phase, like the other papers, it was made from the usual raw materials.
Application and dissemination
The English printer John Baskerville was the first to use vellum paper in 1757 for printing a collective edition of Virgil's Bucolica , Georgica and Aenneis . In the past, vellum paper was particularly valued for pen drawings , as it is strongly sized and therefore hard. Because of the same properties, however, it is not suitable for gravure printing processes such as etchings and engravings. In the 21st century it is considered a high quality paper for printers and plotters .
In Germany, the first vellum paper was made in 1783 by the papermaker Georg Christoph Keferstein in his paper mill in Kröllwitz (near Halle (Saale) ). At the beginning of the 19th century, more and more companies produced this special paper, for example in 1824 Carl Martin Jonas' Berlin company based on Molkenmarkt advertised this and many other types of paper. The picture shows that vellum paper was also used in large quantities in the USA in the 19th century.
Individual evidence
- ^ Carl Martin Jonas, Molkenmarkt 9 . In: General housing gazette for Berlin, Charlottenburg and surroundings , 1824, advertisements, p. 150 (according to the population register).