Emissary vein
As Emissarvenen ( veins emissary ) in the are anatomy medium-sized short-circuit connections between superficial cranial veins and sinuses of the dura mater called.
There are four emissary veins:
- The paired vena emissaria parietalis connects the vena temporalis superficialis through the foramen parietale with the sinus sagittalis superior in the middle under the skull ,
- the also paired vena emissaria mastoidea connects the vena occipitalis through the foramen mastoideum with the sinus sigmoideus ,
- the equally paired Vena emissaria condylaris connects the plexus venosus vertebralis externus through the Canalis condylaris with the Sinus sigmoideus and
- the vena emissaria occipitalis runs through the protuberantia occipitalis and connects the plexus venosus vertebralis externus with the confluens sinuum .
In addition, there are smaller emissary veins, but they are variable.
Clinical significance
In the clinic, emissary veins are relevant for inflammation of the scalp , since germs and pus can penetrate the cranial cavity from superficial areas and cause a septic sinus thrombosis there . In addition, tumor cells can settle through the veins and cause metastases inside the skull.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Wolfgang Dauber: Feneis' Bild-Lexikon der Anatomie . Georg Thieme, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 978-3-13-330109-1 , p. 282
- ↑ Johannes W. Rohen: Topographische Anatomie: Textbook with special consideration of the clinical aspects and the imaging procedures . Schattauer Verlag, Stuttgart 2008, ISBN 978-3-7945-2616-1 , p. 198.
- ↑ Michael H. Stoffel: Functional neuroanatomy for veterinary medicine . Enke, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-8304-1155-0 , p. 119.