Modes of transport
The term mode of transport is used in transport sciences and in transport policy in two different ways: as a responsible organization (authority) and as a transport medium.
Modes of transport as responsible authorities
On the one hand, the mode of transport is understood in the sense of “authority or person responsible for the creation of transport services ”, thus the entirety of the organizational units in a community that are responsible for the provision of this type of service. Usually, the interest in providing transport services lies with the individual transport companies . For basic services to ensure mobility and the supply of energy and information in the community, which are not economically viable, however, the state can act as the person responsible for the provision of basic services, for example as the authority responsible for public transport .
Transport carrier as a medium of transport
On the other hand, the mode of transport is understood in the sense of “service provider”; The service provider here means the medium "on which" or "in which" transport or traffic services are carried out. Such media are summarized under the term “system-oriented modes of transport ”.
In transport policy, the term is regularly used primarily in the latter sense, for example as a reference unit for transport services or emissions of the individual modes of transport and in connection with the networking of the various modes of transport. The allocation of the modes of transport is inconsistent here. The Federal Ministry of Transport names four modes of transport (road construction, rail, waterways, air traffic); the German Chamber of Commerce and Industry , on the other hand, differentiates between six modes of transport (road transport, railroad, post, shipping, air transport, local public transport). The performance share of the individual modes of transport in total traffic is called the modal split .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Hendrik Ammoser, Mirko Hoppe: Glossary of transport and traffic sciences : Definitions and explanations of terms used in transport and communications. Contributions to the discussion from the Institute for Economics and Transport, Technische Universität Dresden ISSN 1433-626X No. 2/2006, p. 39 (PDF, accessed on April 24, 2014).
- ↑ Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure: Modes of Transport ( Memento from March 23, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )
- ^ DIHK German Chamber of Industry and Commerce eV: Transport carriers ( Memento from March 23, 2014 in the web archive archive.today )