Securitization

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Securitization ( English Securitization rarely, Sekurisation called) is a concept in political science sub-discipline of International Relations . The term describes that an issue is perceived as a security problem or made into one. This “putting on the security agenda” can lead to or be pursued with the aim of gaining greater room for maneuver in dealing with this issue and being able to implement more far-reaching political measures.

The concept was developed by representatives of the Copenhagen School - Barry Buzan , Ole Wæver and Jaap de Wilde - in their book Security. A New Framework for Analysis ”(1998).

The perception of security or danger and threat remains tied to a context that is influenced by immaterial, idealistic or subjective factors. Successful securitizations must be accepted by the relevant public, otherwise the attempt at securitization remains.

Buzan and Wæver as well as various other authors see securitization as negative from a normative perspective, as it can lead to the breaking of established political rules, such as negotiation and democratic participation.

Areas of securitization

In their book, Buzan, Weaver, de Wilde name five sectors in which aspects of securitization, its practicability and political and social impact are discussed. The question is also asked to what extent security aspects or the process of securitization could be instrumentalized for political or military action.

military

Reasons and risks related to military interventions and access to strategic resources are discussed.

politics

Weaver defines securitization as a problem insofar as it could undermine the established political order, change the premises for all other questions and, overall, threaten the sovereignty of a state or political entity. In a nutshell, this is about the survival of a political unit as a sovereign state.

Economy, finance
Society - problem of migration, questions of identity

It goes z. For example, the question of whether and how migration to Europe is perceived as a security problem, and whether migration movements have an impact on the European unification process. In addition to politicians, political parties and technocrats, participants in the debate are also social movements, social media and non-governmental organizations .

Environment - climate change

understood not only as a threat scenario intact natural areas, but their impact on the nation state and political independence
, the securitization of climate change as an acute threat to national and international security, for example, military countermeasures (eg. as border protection, intervention) legitimacy and the view of the necessary avoidance of Adjust CO2 emissions.

See also

Web links

literature

  • Thierry Balzacq: Securitization Theory: How Security Problems Emerge and Dissolve . Oxon: Routledge 2011.
  • Thierry Balzacq, Stefano Guzzini u. a .: What Theory - If Any - Is Securitization? International Relations, 2005. 29.1, pp. 96-136.
  • Barry Buzan , Ole Wæver, Jaap de Wilde: Security. A New Framework for Analysis . Lynne Rienner, Boulder 1998. ISBN 978-1-55587-784-2 .
  • Thomas Diez , Franziskus von Lucke, Zehra Wellmann: The Securitization of Climate Change. Actors, Processes and Consequences. 2016. ISBN 978-1-138-95635-3 .
  • Susanne Fischer, Philipp Klüfers, Carlo Masala , Katrin Wagner: (In) security perception and security measures in international comparison. Free University of Berlin, Public Safety Research Forum. Edited by Jochen Schiller . (Security series. No. 14.) Berlin 2014. ISBN 978-3-944675-04-6 .
  • Julia Grauvogel, Thomas Diez: Framing and Security. The discursive construction of climate change . In: Journal for Peace and Conflict Research (ZeFKo) .Jg 3. 2014, No. 2 pp. 203–232.
  • Michael C. Williams: Words, Images, Enemies: Securitization and International Politics. In: International Studies Quarterly. Vol. 47. No. 4. 2003 pp. 511-531.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Claudia Aradau, Rens van Munster: Governing Through Terrorism Risk: Taking Precautions, (un) Knowing the Future . In: European Journal of International Relations . tape 13 , no. 1 , March 1, 2007, ISSN  1354-0661 , p. 89–115 ( sagepub.com [accessed June 1, 2017]).
  2. ^ Matt Mcdonald: Securitization and the Construction of Security, in: European Journal of International Relations, December 1, 2008.
  3. ↑ Marc Schuilenburg; The Securitization of Society: Crime, Risk, and Social Order, With an Introduction of David Garland . New York University Press 2015.
  4. ^ The European Union and the Securitization of Migration. 2000 JCMS (Journal of the Common Market Study), Vol. 39. No. 5. pp. 677-933.
  5. ↑ Golo M. Bartsch: Climate change and security in the Arctic: Background, perspectives, strategies . Wiesbaden: Springer 2016. therein: On the "securitization" of climate change. Pp. 69-74.
  6. ↑ Michael Brzoska : The Securitization of Climate Change and the Power of Conceptions of Security . In: Security & Peace . tape 27 , no. 3 , 2009, p. 137–145 ( nomos.de [PDF]).
  7. ↑ Delf Rothe: Securitization . In: Tobias Ide (Ed.): Peace and Conflict Research . Leverkusen, Barbara Budrich 2017, ISBN 978-3-8252-8699-6 , pp. 35-67 .