Treaty of Paris (1303)

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With the Treaty of Paris , signed on May 20, 1303 between France and England, the Franco-English War from 1294 to 1298 was ended and peace was restored between the two countries. This peace lasted until the outbreak of the War of Saint-Sardos in 1323.

prehistory

According to the Treaty of Paris , signed in 1259, the incumbent English monarch was obliged to pay homage to his liege lord every time he ascended the throne (both in England and in France) . Edward I fulfilled this obligation in 1272 and 1285; not without reminding the French king of his obligations under the treaty when paying homage. In 1294 the contract was broken. In 1294 Philip IV occupied Guyenne and denied Edward I rule over this land. The English King Edward then declared Guyenne an independent allod property and was determined to go to war. In changeable battles, the English were able to recapture parts of Guyenne until 1297, until an armistice was concluded at the end of 1297.

The contract and the consequences

In June 1299 peace negotiations between England and France began in Montreuil . According to the armistice, in September the English king married Margaret , the sister of the French king. The further negotiations remained fruitless. Only after the French king had suffered a crushing defeat in the conflict with Flanders in the Battle of Kortrijk in 1302 , was he ready for a peace with England in order to be able to use all available forces against Flanders. In the Peace of Paris, which was concluded in May 1303, the English negotiators Henry de Lacy and Otton de Grandson, with the support of Count Amadeus V of Savoy , succeeded in getting the French in Guyenne to accept the status quo ante and thus return their conquests. The English gave up any further support for the allied Flanders, while the French stopped supporting Scotland , which was fighting with England for independence . In doing so, the French king broke the alliance concluded with Scotland in 1295 against England, although in the autumn of 1302 a high-ranking Scottish delegation led by John de Soules had traveled to France to influence the peace negotiations. Instead, the French king consoled the Scots that after the peace agreement with England he was in a better position to support them diplomatically. However, this support did not take place, so that in view of the hopeless military situation almost all Scottish nobles submitted to the English king in February 1304. Due to the fighting in Scotland, neither the English king nor Eduard, the heir to the throne, could travel to France to pay homage to Guyenne. This was tacitly accepted by the French. The marriage of the heir to the throne to the French king's daughter Isabelle , which was agreed in the armistice of 1297, did not take place until 1308, after the death of the English king. In the summer of 1306 negotiations in Montreuil between an English and a French delegation about compensation payments for the war were unsuccessful. Relations between the two countries remained tense.

Individual evidence

  1. The English Kings in the Middle Ages , ISBN 3-406-49463-3 . Page 137.
  2. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 396.
  3. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 397.
  4. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 177.
  5. ^ Geoffrey WS Barrow: Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland . Eyre & Spottiswoode, London 1965, p. 180.
  6. ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 398.