Delay phenomena
Delay phenomena (bridging phenomena) are among the procedures which allow the listener to recognize the process of formulation and reformulation by the speaker. Delay phenomena give the speaker time and facilitate reception .
These include above all empty pauses, filled pauses, silent stretches and repetitions, gestural and facial procedures as well as non-verbal acoustic signals such as blowing and puffing. Furthermore, there are also interspersed sounds (Ger. Uh, French. Euh); Lengthening of words, interspersed whole words (like French bon ben) or mixed forms (French puis euh bon ben euh).
Delay phenomena are often important for the structure and the change of speaker and accompany the bridging structure signals or turn-taking signals.
Koch and Oesterreicher count the delay phenomenon among the "talking points and equivalent procedures".
Sociolinguistics interprets the delay phenomena in different ways: viewed negatively as a sign of insecurity and lack of language skills, and positively as a sign of differentiated language skills when the speaker's choices cause deliberate delays.
Quotes
- "I mix in inarticulate tones, drag the connecting words out, use an apposition where it is not necessary, and use other artifacts that extend speech, to fabricate my ideas in the workshop of reason, the appropriate time to win." Heinrich von Kleist , On the Gradual Production of Thoughts While Talking, 1805
literature
- Basil Bernstein : Linguistic Codes, Hesitation Phenomena and Intelligence . Language and Speech. 5, 1962, 31-46.
- P. Koch u. W. Oesterreicher: Spoken language in Romania . 1990.
- Helmut Glück (Ed.), With the collaboration of Friederike Schmöe : Metzler Lexikon Sprache. 3rd, revised edition. Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2005, ISBN 3-476-02056-8 .