Video editing

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The aim of video editing is to create moving images that differ from the source material.

The starting material can be:

  • Video recordings
  • digitized photos (including scanned documents)
  • Graphics
  • Texts
  • Audio recordings
  • music

Formats

The original video recordings can be made available in several ways:

In the same way, the edited material can be made available again as a finished video at the end, i.e. on the VHS tape up to the chip in the mobile phone.

In the past, machining was essentially limited to linear cuts . The various sources were played back at the same time and combined into a new video tape by the mixing devices ("three-machine editing suite"). Other animations (transitions) and changes (color, etc.) were possible, but were limited for the amateur filmmaker.

Today, the focus is on computer-aided, non-linear processing, in which all raw materials can be used. This is only possible with the appropriate software.

If the presentation is to take place on the television screen, the monitor or with the projector , the PAL system is exclusively required here. To what extent the applications can be in NTSC or SECAM remains to be seen.

Levels of video editing

Record the material

Processing begins with entering the material. Both the moving images and digitized photos, audios and other sources must be converted into the format that is accepted by the respective software with which the further processing is to take place ( video format , audio format ).

The individual programs must therefore be coordinated with one another so that conflicts do not arise. It may well happen that MP3 files cannot be processed in the selected program and therefore have to be converted into WAV files . And even here, sometimes only 48 kHz (e.g. with MPEG2 for DVD) and not the 44.1 kHz, as is usual with VHS, are recognized as the frequency. It may also be necessary to convert digitized photos into the "correct" file format (e.g. from JPEG to BMP format) and in the correct size (e.g. 720 × 576 pixels for the 4th : 3 TV playback).

Cutting the clips

With non-linear video editing , unnecessary scenes, sections or parts are simply removed (e.g. unusable advertising scenes or unsuccessful recordings), changed in length, copied or rearranged in the sequence. This also includes inserting photos, graphics and text as well as cutting music. This usually only happens after the pictures have been completed. With music videos , however, this is the other way around: First cut the music, then insert the images.

Editing the video scenes

The development of the software enables the amateur filmmaker to change the individual images or scenes more and more. This serves on the one hand to correct errors during the recording and on the other hand to add effects. This includes the following changes in particular:

  • Size (section, rotation, position)
  • Color (type and intensity - up to black and white film -, white balance)
  • brightness
  • contrast
  • Sharpness
  • Speed ​​(faster, slower, backwards)
  • Reflection (horizontal and vertical)
Edit scenes

Merging several scenes into a new one is no longer a problem either. B.

  • Import other scenes or photos in front of a film, picture or neutral background ( picture in picture , split screen ).
  • Merge several scenes into a new - fictional - one (e.g. combine several fireworks explosions, bluebox ).
  • Creating special effects (visual effects).

Today it is also possible to “wander” on a digital photo so that the impression of a film is created. The same applies to zooming in and out.

Text content

Videos can be with text content, such as B. Include headings for the introduction of a film ( opening credits ) or at the end to list those involved ( credits ), whereby there are numerous effects, such as colored writing, relief, fonts etc.

Fades

Furthermore, with the programs transitions or transitions contribute to loosen new scenes and lots or display location changes.

Sound editing

The sound can also be changed with video editing programs: adding music tracks or other sounds, such as noise, clapping, echo, etc. are used to create certain moods and can be used as background music for videos. In addition, the volume can be adjusted and coordinated with the spoken commentary.

The editing should be pointed out again, as there is also software with which you can adapt the length of the piece of music to that of the video scenes (accelerate or slow down without being heard).

Output of the finished film

The finished video can be saved in any video format . Some programs also have special functions for DVD authoring .

hardware

A computer and components are needed for video editing. The following components are particularly important: a fast processor , large memory , a media burner , sufficient storage media , a camcorder or DV camcorder , a TV card , a video card , etc.

software

Software used for video editing can be found under video editing software .

See also

literature

  • Georg Jäger and Holger Haarmeyer: Better videos with Magix Video Deluxe 2006. Data Becker, Düsseldorf 2006, ISBN 3815825571
  • Gabathuler Simon: Pinnacle Studio 11 / Studio 11 Plus / Studio 11 Ultimate with DVD , Markt und Technik 2007, ISBN 9783827242822
  • Gabathuler Simon: Pinnacle Studio 10 & Studio Plus 10 - The large film workshop with DVD . Market and Technology 2005, ISBN 3827240328
  • Gradias Michael: Premiere Elements . Franzis: 2005 ISBN 3772366295
  • Gradias Michael: Ulead video studio . Franzis: 2005 ISBN 377237090X
  • Gradias Michael: Pinnacle Studio 10 . Franzis: 2005 ISBN 3772366643
  • Weis Gunther: Avid Xpress Pro and Xpress DV4. The manual for the editing program. Mediabook: 2005, ISBN 3932972333
  • Mandl, Daniel & Schwarz, Michael: iMovie HD 06 and iDVD 06 for the Mac: iLife 06 from Apple for passionate videographers - explained quickly, easily and entertainingly , Mandl & Schwarz-Verlag / Edition Digital Lifestyle, Husum / Nordsee, 2006, ISBN 3-939685-01-1

Web links