Vogelhof (Erbstetten (Ehingen))
The Vogelhof ( Erbstetten (Ehingen) ) from 1921 and the Hellauf School from 1925 were a folk settlement commune and a country school home near Hayingen in the south of the Swabian Alb , which existed from 1921 to 1938 when the Nazi state closed the school. Agriculture continued for even longer.
Before 1914, the Stuttgart teacher Friedrich Schöll collected a group of anti-alcoholics, German-Völkisch and German-Christian for his magazine “Hellauf”. He was in contact with Karl Strünckmann and Alfred Daniel in order to establish an "Aryan-Christian community" in a planned settlement. In addition, war-disabled supporters of the wandering bird , including Matts Schwender , and other life reformers joined . Ideas of national socialism and the Paul de Lagardes of a species-specific Christianity also played a role.
After the revolution in 1918, a GmbH "Siedlung Hellauf" was founded in 1920, which in 1921 acquired the Vogelhof. Agriculture, horticulture and fruit growing were operated, for which, however, there were hardly any sales opportunities. At the Vogelhof, the residents wore simple and comfortable reform clothing and plowed on barren ground. Alcohol and nicotine were frowned upon and the vegetarian way of life was common. The nudist way of life also prevailed in summer . Instead of burials in the church cemetery, burials took place under megalithic blocks in the great outdoors. 1924 there were strong argument about the proper form of marriage, which is why the followers of Mittgard - polygamy Hans Reichart went away (see. Donnershag -Siedlung of Ernst Hunkel ). According to the teaching of the life reformer Werner Zimmermann , changing partners should be easy.
After his retirement in 1925, Schöll founded a more profitable rural education home , into which, however, no “foreign blooded” were accepted, which made anti-Semitism clear. Classes took place in harsh conditions, only in the building from November to January. The students had to do heavy agricultural work to remove the “waste from the big city”. Once a year Schöll called a “working group for the spiritual foundations of the German future”, which made the Vogelhof the center of ethnic settlements during the Weimar period.
After it was closed in 1938 by the Stuttgart National Socialist government of Württemberg , there were various attempts at new activities and housing after 1945.
From 1956 to 2019 there was a school camp in three buildings . The Schlössle leisure home of the Evangelical Christ Congregation Ulm-Söflingen has been located in the house, which was built somewhat apart in 1922, since 1992 and is managed by the "Evangelisches Freizeitheim Schlössle eV". Other buildings are used privately.
literature
- Friedrich Schöll: The Hellauf School as an adventure school and as an example of a higher German school , Siegfriedverlag, Stuttgart 1925
- Ulrich Linse (ed.): Back o man to mother earth. Landkommunen in Deutschland 1890–1933 , dtv, Munich 1983 (especially pp. 199–220 with documents and images) ISBN 3-423-02934-X
- Ulrich Linse: Völkisch youth movement settlements in the 20th and 21st centuries. What does völkisch youth movement mean? In: Youth Movement, Anti-Semitism and Right-Wing Politics: From the “Freideutschen Jugendtag” to the present , ed. v. Gideon Botsch, Josef Haverkamp, De Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2014, pp. 29–73
- Christina Kirsch: Hard work and nudism once at Vogelhof , Südwestpresse, August 17, 2015 online
- Anne Feuchter-Schawelka: Siedlungs- und Landkommunenbewegung , in: Diethard Kerbs / Jürgen Reulecke (ed.): Handbook of German Reform Movements 1880–1933 , Wuppertal 1998, pp. 227–242 ISBN 3-87294-787-7