Weather explosives

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Weather explosives is the collective term for a group of explosives that are suitable for use in underground mining because of their low heat generation . In technical terms, the word component weather describes the gas mixture in a mine and should not be confused with meteorological weather .

Weather explosives
Dummies of explosive cartridges with the weather explosive "Roburit B"
Chemical composition
Explosive components
Other components
  • Additive for energy
    reduction : alkali halides or nitrates,
    ammonium nitrate
Physical Properties
Density
g / cm³ 		about 1.2
Oxygen balance
% 		approx. 2
Heat of explosion
kJ / kg 		unknown
Steam volume
l / kg 		from 550 to 650
Specific energy
kJ / kg 		from 340 to 570
(depending on the classification)
Detonation velocity
m / s 		from 1500 to 2000
Explosion temperature
K 		unknown
Property comparison
Explosiveness low
Ignition sensitivity low
Steam volume low
price low
credentials

composition

Weather explosives are mostly a mixture of conventional explosives based on emulsion explosives , powder explosives or gelatinous explosives with salts of alkali metals or ammonium salts and wood flour .

By adding salts ( reverse salt pairs ) to conventional explosives, a second reaction takes place in which alkali halides are formed in the plumes, which reduce the burst of fire from the ignited explosive charge in terms of location and time. The explosion energy and temperature are also significantly reduced so that firedamp or coal dust can no longer be ignited .

application

In underground mining, explosives are used to expose the raw material and to drive tunnels. Conventional explosives are unsuitable for this, as the heat generated by conventional explosives could cause the methane or coal dust, which frequently occurs in coal mining, to explode.

Subdivision

Weather explosives are divided into the following classes:

  • Class I (identification color yellow): Safe against ignition of coal dust-air mixtures
  • Class II (color code yellow-green): Safe against ignition by firedamp
  • Class III (color code green): Safe against ignition by firedamp

The higher the classification of a weather explosive, the lower the explosive energy and temperature, and thus the risk of igniting bad weather.

literature

  • Rainer Haas, Jürgen Thieme: Inventory of old arms suspected sites in the Federal Republic of Germany . In: Umweltbundesamt (Ed.): Explosivstofflexikon . 2nd expanded edition. tape 2 , UBA texts 26/96. Berlin 1996, p. 378 ff .
  • Horst Roschlau: Sprengen - theory and practice . Verlag für Grundstofftindustrie, Leipzig 1993, ISBN 3-342-00492-4 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Orica GmbH (Ed.): Technical data sheet Nobelit . Troisdorf ( oricaminingservices.com [PDF]).
  2. ↑ Horst Roschlau: Sprengen - Theory and Practice . Verlag für Grundstofftindustrie, Leipzig 1993, ISBN 3-342-00492-4 .
  3. ↑ Wasagchemie GmbH (ed.): Technical Data Sheet Weather-Westfalit C and D, weather Roburit B, C weather Securit . Sythen ( wasag.de ).