William E. Stephens
William E. Stephens ( 1912 - July 16, 1980 ) was an American physicist . He laid the foundation for the development of the time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ToF-MS).
Live and act
Stephens was the son of a professor, studied physics at Washington University and received his doctorate in 1938 from the California Institute of Technology . In 1941 he moved to the University of Pennsylvania . In 1946, Stephens developed pulsed ionization, which laid the foundation for the first time-of-flight mass spectrometer . The first time-of-flight mass spectrometer was built by AE Cameron and DF Eggers in 1948. Stephens stayed at the University of Pennsylvania, where he became a professor specializing in nuclear fission in 1948 . Later he was head of the Physics Department (1963–1969) and dean of the School of Arts and Sciences (1969–1974) and was instrumental in the commissioning of the university's tandem accelerator . He died in 1980 after a long illness.
Individual evidence
- ^ William E. Stephens: A Pulsed Mass Spectrometer with Time Dispersion. In: Physical Review. 69, 1946, p. 674, doi: 10.1103 / PhysRev.69.674.2 .
- ^ AE Cameron, DF Eggers: To Ion “Velocitron”. In: Review of Scientific Instruments. 19, 1948, p. 605, doi: 10.1063 / 1.1741336 .
- ^ AK Mann, R. Middleton, CW Ufford: William E. Stephens In: Physics today 34, 7, 65, 1981, pp. 74 ff., Doi: 10.1063 / 1.2914672 .
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Stephens, William E. |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Stephens, William Edwards |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | American physicist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | 1912 |
| DATE OF DEATH | July 16, 1980 |