Winter owl
As Winter uprights (Hiemophoren) is referred to plants whose fruit ( diaspore ) or seeds remain attached to the plant up in the winter time or in part beyond. Another case is the summer standers (estatiophores), here the spring diaspores stay on the plant until summer.
The winter birds mainly include trees with berries, stone fruits and fleshy aggregate fruits, the fruits of which are mainly eaten by birds. Plants that are part of the winter cattle often use endochory , also called digestive spread , as a spreading strategy . Since they mainly offer their fruits during the insect-free period, birds in particular are among the animals that are involved in their spread.
The white Germer , the black Germer and the yellow gentian , which spread their diaspores anemochorically, also belong to the winter men . H. use the spread of wind. In these plant species, the upward-pointing fruit flaps open from September whenever dry weather prevails. In such weather, the seeds are carried far away by strong winds, possibly particularly far over snow surfaces that are icy on the surface.
Further examples of winter dwellers are: common robinia , evergreen rock flower , alpine carnation , ormennige , real meadowsweet .
literature
- Wolfgang Frey, Rainer Lösch: Geobotany. 3rd edition, Springer, 2010, 2014, ISBN 978-3-662-45280-6 , p. 351.
- K. van Rheede van Oudtshoorn, Margaretha W. van Rooyen: Dispersal Biology of Desert Plants. Springer, 1999, ISBN 3-540-64886-0 , p. 143.