Residence name

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A residence name is a special form of the family name .

A residence name was used to designate people who lived in a certain, conspicuous place of residence, which was more or less designed by people. In the German-speaking area, they play a different role regionally and form a not inconsiderable group compared to the other name families. They usually contain a locality name (place name, toponymics) in the broadest sense (such as a field name ). Examples of such names are Althaus , Brückner , Brunner , Ehrler , Fichtner , Schlott or Stein . More specifically from settlement names (place names, oikonymika) come the personal names derived specifically from house names such as Innerhofer ('der vom Innerhof') and the like. This group can historically be assigned to a very specific place, farm or house, but they cannot always be differentiated from names of origin (names that only developed after leaving, such as Böhm 'der Böhme' or 'he came from Bohemia'): Typically Even with a few houses, the place name is not enough to distinguish its residents, names such as Wiener, Berliner are names of origin, but many places originally developed from just one named house and continue its name, so that it can no longer be determined whether it is a house or a house Place were meant. A special form are those dwelling names that are used as vulgar names (named names) in relation to the dwelling and are still widespread in rural areas for house / farm owners and the like.

There are several variants of the general toponymics:

  • References to soil characteristics such as Berg , Grundmann , Kuhle and T (h) almann
  • References to water, e.g. Bachmann , Beckmann , Börner (t) , Brühl , Pröll , Pfützner , Spranger , Sprung or Puls
  • References to flora, such as Baum , Baumgart (en) , Busch , Buschmann , Dorn , Dörner , Hagedorn , Eichler , Eichmann , Holz (er) , Lindemann , Röhricht , Strauch , Struck or Weidemann
  • Notes on tillage or land use: Anger (man) , Brink (man) , Jauch , Kehrer , Kreuzmann and Lachmann
  • Notes on buildings, paths, etc. Ä .: Gassner , Geßner , Steinweg , Fiebig , Backhaus , Bruckmann , Brunner , Kirchhof, Kirchler , Koth (e) , Kathmann or Schaal (e)
  • Clues to the location: Amend (at the end), and with the location names of the locations themselves as top, bottom, Before [ the ] -, back-
  • The prepositions arrival , ammonium , Beim- , gene , Op , Germany , ter- , up- indicate home name. In the course of time they were contracted to names like: Inderthal; Amberger; Indefrey; Beimborn; Angenvoort; Ophorst; Uphoff; Tervoort .

Residence names such as house names are generally formed according to location, like names of origin , but the form in -mann is far more common for residence names, at least in the northern language area. There are forms like Anger , Angerer , or Angermann . House names are often an additional means of differentiating job names such as Angermüller , Buchmüller , Riethmüller , Teichmüller , Weidenmüller , Holzmüller or Obermüller , while Steinmüller can correspond to the shape of 'the one from the mill by the stone', but also the one who makes stone balls '( Stone mill ) as a pure professional title.

As in all name origins, regional dialects can lead to a wide variety of spellings with the same meaning. Personal names are typically much more flexible than place names in terms of dialect forms and transcriptions.

The opposite form of formation to the home name are the place names from a founder or resident , such as the formations on personal name +  -ing , -ham , -hausen and related ('home of ...').

literature

  • Horst Naumann: The big book of family names. Age, origin, meaning , falcons, Niedernhausen 1994 ISBN 3-8068-4781-9

Web links

  • Residence names on FamOS: surnames of Austria