Vostok station

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Vostok station
Climate diagram
Vostok Station (Antarctica)
Vostok
Vostok
Komsomolskaya
Komsomolskaya
Mirny
Mirny
Location of the Russian main station Mirny and the inland stations Vostok and Komsomolskaja (abandoned)

The Vostok Station ( Russian Восток , East) is an earlier Soviet, now Russian research station in Wilkesland in East Antarctica that opened on December 16, 1957 . There, together with France, an ice core was drilled out of the Antarctic ice sheet, which provided information about the climatic conditions over the past 420,000 years.

Geographical location

Vostok station is 1287 km from the geographic South Pole , 1260 km from the nearest coast and 1410 km inland from the nearest Mirny station (main station ), quite close to the pole of inaccessibility but rather far from the Antarctic geomagnetic pole , the geomagnetic south pole . It lies on the ice above Lake Vostok at an altitude of 3488  m .

care

The Vostok station is supplied with food and 100-130 tons of polar diesel by an annual trek from the Mirny station on the coast over an unpaved snow slope . Until the 1990s, the Komsomolskaya station on the way, which has since been abandoned, was also supplied in this way.

Cold pole of the earth

Extremely low temperatures are reached at the Vostok station. On July 21, 1983 - at the time of the Antarctic polar night - the lowest meteorologically determined air temperature on earth (as of November 2018) was measured at −89.2 ° C , which is why the station is also known as the " cold pole of the earth". The thin air at high altitude seems to favor the winter cooling. On July 23, 2004, a surface temperature of −98.6 ° C was registered by satellite measurements northwest of the research station. The data were measured directly on the ice surface using the MODIS infrared spectrometer on board the Terra satellite and are therefore not directly comparable with the air temperatures measured at the research station at the internationally common measurement height of two meters. Therefore, these measured values ​​were not recognized as a cold record by the responsible World Meteorological Organization (WMO).

Average monthly temperatures and rainfall for Vostok
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Max. Temperature ( ° C ) −27.1 −38.6 −52.8 −61.2 −62.0 −60.5 −62.4 −64.0 −61.8 −51.7 −37.3 −27.3 O −50.6
Min. Temperature (° C) −37.6 −50.0 −61.7 −67.8 −69.1 −68.8 −70.4 −71.6 −70.3 −63.2 −49.9 −38.1 O −59.9
Temperature (° C) −32.1 −44.3 −57.8 −64.8 −65.7 −65.2 −66.7 −68.0 −66.1 −57.2 −42.7 −31.9 O −55.2
Precipitation ( mm ) 0.7 0.6 1.9 2.3 2.9 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.3 1.8 0.8 0.5 Σ 20.8
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
−27.1
−37.6
−38.6
−50.0
−52.8
−61.7
−61.2
−67.8
−62.0
−69.1
−60.5
−68.8
−62.4
−70.4
−64.0
−71.6
−61.8
−70.3
−51.7
−63.2
−37.3
−49.9
−27.3
−38.1
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
N
i
e
d
e
r
s
c
h
l
a
g 		0.7
0.6
1.9
2.3
2.9
2.5
2.3
2.2
2.3
1.8
0.8
0.5
  Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Source:

See also

Web links

Commons : Vostok station  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Geoclimate 2.1
  2. ↑ a b c d Vostok station ( memento of October 28, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), on aari.nw.ru
  3. ↑ Petit JR, Jouzel J., Raynaud D., Barkov NI, Barnola JM, Basile I., Bender M., Chappellaz J., Davis J. Delaygue G., Delmotte M. Kotlyakov VM, Legrand M., Lipenkov VM, Lorius C., Pépin L., Ritz C., Saltzman E., Stievenard M. (1999): Climate and atmospheric history of the past 420,000 years from the Vostok ice core, Antarctica . Nature 399: 429-436
  4. ↑ Andreas Sanders: Antarktis: the trek of the daring report on the annual supply convoy to the station, GEO magazine 01/2004, on geo.de
  5. ↑ Meteorologically determined means that the temperature is measured terrestrially two meters above ground level.
  6. ↑ a b World Weather / Climate Extremes Archive , at wmo.asu.edu, accessed December 19, 2013.
  7. ↑ Article New global cold record? from December 10, 2013, on wetteronline.de
  8. ↑ Minus 93 degrees - researchers discover the earth's new cold pole at www.handelsblatt.de, accessed on November 27, 2018.
  9. ↑ Almost minus 100 degrees: New cold record in Antarctica. In: tagesschau.de. July 1, 2018, accessed July 1, 2018 .
  10. ↑ TA Scambos u. a .: Ultra ‐ low surface temperatures in East Antarctica from satellite thermal infrared mapping: the coldest places on Earth In: Geophysical Research Letters , 2018, doi: 10.1029 / 2018GL078133
  11. ↑ Researchers discover coldest place in the world . By Kai Stoppel, n-TV, June 27, 2018
  12. ↑ Vostok station (89606) ( Memento of the original from February 17, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , on aari.aq  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.aari.aq
  13. ↑ КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИЙ МОНИТОР , on pogoda.ru.net (Russian)

Coordinates: 78 ° 27 ′ 51.9 ″  S , 106 ° 50 ′ 14.4 ″  E