X3D

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Extensible 3D (X3D)
File extension : .x3d, .x3dv, .x3db
MIME type : model / x3d + xml, model / x3d-vrml, model / x3d + binary
Developed by: Web3D Consortium
Initial release: 2001
Current version: 3.3 (as of June 2015)
Extended by: VRML
Standard (s) : ISO / IEC 19775, 19776, 19777
Website : www.web3d.org



Standard for interactive 3D representation on the Internet

Extensible 3D , or X3D for short , is a description language based on XML (XML encoding, file extension .x3d) for 3D models that can be displayed in a web browser . X3D is supported by the Web3D Consortium and was adopted by the W3C Consortium in 2001 as the official standard for 3D content on the Internet. It is the successor to the VRML standard, which .x3dvis still part of X3D as a so-called Classic Encoding (file extension ), and has been specified as an open ISO standard since December 2004 . Since 2015 there has been a standard with ISO / IEC 19776-3 for saving X3D data in a binary file (file extension .x3db, MIME type model/x3d+binary ).

more details

Just like in VRML , three-dimensional virtual worlds, games, scientific visualizations and interactive learning applications can also be realized in real time in X3D . Compared to VRML, however, X3D offers considerably more standardized options and interfaces.

The range of functions of X3D is divided into profiles (e.g. interchange or immersive). This allows manufacturers to create standard-compliant programs without having to implement all the details, as was the case with the VRML97 standard, which was quite extensive for the time.

From 2005, X3D should also become part of the MPEG-4 standard and also replace VRML97 there. To create a connection between X3D and 3D content in MPEG-4 ( BIFS ), a subset of X3D called XMT-A . developed. It is a variant of the Extensible MPEG-4 Textual format (XMT) defined in MPEG-4 Part 11 .

In addition, X3D content can be embedded in XPS documents ( XML Paper Specification ). The format was standardized by Ecma International as ECMA-388 in 2009 . The Portable Document Format (PDF) supports a comparable embedding of 3D content, but the U3D format ( ECMA-363 ) is used here.

In order to be able to view an X3D file on the WWW , you need a browser plug-in for the browser , for example the Octaga FreePlayer , FreeWrl , BS Contact VRML / X3D or rather web browser-independent programs such as Xj3D . With X3DOM or X_ITE , X3D files can be viewed in a WebGL- enabled browser .

example

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE X3D PUBLIC "ISO//Web3D//DTD X3D 3.3//EN"
  "http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.3.dtd">

<X3D profile="Interchange" version="3.3"
     xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
     xsd:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.3.xsd">
<Scene>
  <Shape>
    <IndexedFaceSet coordIndex="0 1 2">
      <Coordinate point="0 0 0 1 0 0 0.5 1 0"/>
    </IndexedFaceSet>
    <Appearance>
      <Material diffuseColor='0.1 0.5 1'/>
    </Appearance>
  </Shape>
</Scene>
</X3D>

See also

literature

  • Jörg H. Kloss: X3D. Programming interactive 3D applications for the Internet. Addison-Wesley, Munich 2010, ISBN 978-3-8273-2829-8 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ X3D specification
  2. ^ Web3D consortium
  3. ↑ ISO / IEC 19775-1: 2004
  4. ↑ web3d.org
  5. ↑ X3D profiles
  6. ↑ web3d.org (PDF)
  7. ↑ ecma-international.org
  8. ↑ findarticles.com
  9. ↑ x3dom.org
  10. ↑ x_ite