Communist crime

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Communist crime is a criminal law term used by state authorities in some countries of the former Eastern Bloc . It describes crimes and sometimes also offenses that were committed by functionaries and officials of the communist regime .

Communist symbols such as hammer and sickle , the red star or the hymn of the Soviet Union are banned as unconstitutional in Hungary (since 1994), Latvia and Lithuania (since 2008), Poland (since 2009) and Moldova (since 2012) .

“Zbrodnia komunistyczna” in Poland

In Polish criminal law, a communist crime (Polish: zbrodnia komunistyczna ) describes an oppressive action by a functionary of a communist state that was carried out between September 17, 1939 (the beginning of the Soviet occupation of Eastern Poland ) and July 31, 1990 (the dissolution of the Polish State Security Service ) .

The concept was introduced in 1998 and revised several times to facilitate the study and prosecution of communist crimes. The term is similar to the concept of National Socialist crimes. Communist crimes are primarily investigated by the Institute for National Remembrance , which also investigates Nazi perpetrators. Acts that are treated as offenses under another perpetrator both at the time of the offense and at the time of the prosecution are also sometimes classified as communist crimes, e.g. B. an irregular dismissal of employees.

On March 31, 2006 z. B. Communist crimes charges brought against former Communist State Council Chairman Wojciech Jaruzelski .

Czech Republic

In the Czech Republic, the Office for Documentation and Investigation of the Crimes of Communism investigates Communist perpetrators. The authority was established on January 1, 1995 by a decision of the Interior Minister.

Hungary

In June 2010 the Hungarian parliament passed a law by a majority of the ruling Federation of Young Democrats (FIDESZ), which forbids the denial of communist crimes. Anyone who "denies, doubts or diminishes the importance of genocide or other crimes against humanity committed by the National Socialist or Communist system" can be punished with a prison sentence of up to three years.

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Ewa Siedlecka: Weryfikacja dziennikarzy w stanie wojennym to zbrodnia komunistyczna. In: Gazeta Wyborcza . May 5, 2006, accessed December 19, 2012 (Polish).
  2. ↑ a b Ustawa z dnia 18 grudnia 1998 r. o Instytucie Pamięci Narodowej - Komisji Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu . Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. Archived from the original on May 26, 2013. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved December 4, 2013. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / ipn.gov.pl
  3. ↑ Jaruzelski has to go to court over martial law. in: Die Welt , April 17, 2007
  4. ↑ Hungary forbids denial of communist crimes
  5. ↑ Hungary forbids denial of communist crimes