Intervertebral foramen
The foramina intervertebralia (singular foramen intervertebrale , " intervertebral hole ") are paired openings of the spinal canal . They are each formed by two neighboring vertebrae .
To the front they are limited by the intervertebral disc and the vertebral body , and to the rear by the upper articular process of the lower vertebra. They are limited upwards by the lower incision on the vertebral arch ( Incisura vertebralis inferior ) of the upper vertebra, and downwards by the upper incision on the vertebral arch ( Incisura vertebralis superior ).
They represent the sideways exit points of the so-called spinal nerves , which leave the spinal canal between two vertebrae . In the sacrum , the situation is slightly different because of the fusion of the vertebrae; it exits anteriorly and posteriorly through the sacral foramina. In addition to the nerves, there are blood vessels ( rami spinales of the arteria vertebralis , aa. Intercostales superiores and aa. Lumbales and their accompanying veins), as well as connective and fatty tissue. Spondylarthrotic changes ( osteophytes ) can narrow the foramina.
Individual evidence
- ^ Herbert Lippert : Textbook anatomy. 3rd, extended edition, Urban & Schwarenzberg, Munich 1993, ISBN 3-541-10063-X , p. 106.
- ↑ Friedrich Anderhuber : On the anatomy of the spine. ( pdf ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. )
