British General Election 2019

← 2017British General Election 2019

(Share of votes in%)

 %

50

40

30th

20th

10

0

43.6

32.5

12.0

3.9

2.7

2.0

0.8

0.6

0.5

1.5

Tories

Labor ^b

LibDem ^c

SNP

Green ^e

Brexit

DUP

SF

plaid

Otherwise.

Gains and losses

compared to 2017

 % p

   6th

   4th

   2

   0

  -2

  -4

  -6

  -8th

+1.2

-7.8

+4.4

+0.9

+1.1

+2.0

-0.1

-0.1

± 0.0

-1.5

Tories

Labor ^b

LibDem ^c

SNP

Green ^e

Brexit

DUP

SF

plaid

Otherwise.

Remarks:

^b with SDLP , which is usually supported by Labor.

^c with Alliance , which is usually supported by the Liberal Democrats.

^e The three green parties Green Party of England and Wales , Scottish Green Party and Green Party in Northern Ireland are subsumedunder the green votes.

Distribution of seats in the new lower house

          

A total of 650 seats

• SF : 7
• SDLP : 2
• Labor : 203
• Plaid : 4
• Green : 1
• SNP : 48
• Alliance : 1
• LibDem : 11
• Tories : 365
• DUP : 8

The 2019 British General Election took place early on December 12, 2019. The 650 members of the British House of Commons were elected .

After three motions by Prime Minister Boris Johnson in September and October 2019 for early elections did not achieve the necessary two-thirds majority of the Fixed-Term Parliaments Act in the House of Commons, he tabled the proposed Early Parliamentary General Election Bill to allow elections on December 12, 2019. This law was passed by the House of Commons on October 29, 2019.

The House of Lords agreed on October 30th without changes, after which the Royal Assent was issued. On the night of November 5 to 6, 2019, the existing House of Commons was dissolved.

As a result, the Conservative Party under Johnson won its largest majority since the 1980s in the House of Commons, while the Labor Party under Jeremy Corbyn achieved a historically poor election result. Although the Liberal Democrats, clearly appearing as pro-European, were able to gain the most percentage of votes at Labor's expense, they still lost one seat compared to the last election.

In Scotland and Northern Ireland there were also significant shifts and in some cases historical results: In Scotland, the Scottish National Party won over 80 percent of the seats allocated to Scotland, which is why the party leader of the SNP Nicola Sturgeon immediately called for another referendum on the independence of Scotland . In Northern Ireland, the pro-Irish nationalists won more seats than the pro-British unionists for the first time since 1921 .

Starting position

Previous election 2017

→ Main article : UK General Election 2017

Composition of the lower house elected in 2017:

Conservative 317 DUP 10 		Labor 262 SNP 35 LibDem 12 Plaid 4 SF 7 * Green 1 Independent. 1      
Speaker 1

^* The SF mandates are not taken in Westminster and are therefore not shown.

The last general election in 2017 was initiated by the then Prime Minister Theresa May , who hoped to win a large majority of the Conservative Party in parliament, which should then serve as the basis for the upcoming negotiations on leaving the EU . However, May completely missed this goal.

On the contrary, the position of her government deteriorated considerably because there was a hung parliament and she thus lost the previous absolute majority of the seats in the lower house in the election and from then on was dependent on the support of the Northern Irish Democratic Unionist Party (DUP). The Labor Party increased its share of the vote to 40% and gained 30 seats. The Liberal Democrats saw slight gains, increasing the number of their seats from 8 to 12.

The Northern Irish parties Democratic Unionist Party and Sinn Féin also gained seats, at the expense of the Social Democratic and Labor Party and Ulster Unionist Party, which have now left the House of Commons .

The Scottish National Party (SNP) lost 21 of its 56 seats so far. The UK Independence Party (UKIP) lost almost 11 percentage points and its only seat in the House of Commons.

Educated governments

→ Main article : Cabinet May II

Immediately after the 2017 election, Prime Minister Theresa May formed a conservative minority government supported by the DUP.

→ Main article : Boris Johnson I cabinet

After May's resignation, a new government was formed on July 24, 2019 under the leadership of the new Prime Minister Boris Johnson .

Electoral process

See also : List of constituencies in the United Kingdom 2010

The elections took place according to the relative majority voting in 650 individual constituencies. The candidate with the highest number of votes in each constituency wins ( first-past-the-post ) . There is no second ballot. The constituency boundaries have not changed since 2010.

There were 650 constituencies. The average number of voters per constituency varied from 72,200 in England to 56,000 in Wales .

The polling stations were open from 7 a.m. to 10 p.m.

Campaign issues

As in the previous elections, political observers consider Brexit to be a crucial issue. Another focus was austerity policy and the National Health Service .

Conservative Prime Minister Johnson promised an end to austerity policy; He also moved into the election campaign with his negotiated exit agreement, which had previously failed in the House of Commons, and the election slogan “ Get Brexit done ” (which means that the United Kingdom will leave the EU on January 31, 2020). In contrast, the socialist opposition leader Jeremy Corbyn promised to negotiate a new agreement with the EU and then put it to the vote in a second referendum. At the same time, he promised large-scale nationalizations and an investment program of £ 400 billion. While Johnson has been criticized for making unrealistic promises about Brexit, Corbyn has been blamed for not having a clear position on Brexit and for making unrealistic and unaffordable promises about the economy.

The Liberal Democrats, under their chairman Jo Swinson, advocated remaining in the EU; They announced that in the event of an election victory they would revoke the decision on Britain's exit from the EU ; this should also happen without a second referendum. The other smaller parties campaigned either for a departure from Brexit, a hard Brexit or for environmental protection issues. In Scotland, the SNP also advertised again with Scotland leaving the United Kingdom. Another dominant theme of the campaign was allegations of anti-Semitism against Jeremy Corbyn.

Parties and Spitzenkandidaten

A total of 58 parties ran for the 2019 general election, 19 of them in at least 14 constituencies. The remaining 39 parties only ran a candidate in 1 to 7 constituencies.

Listed are the parties represented in parliament or those parties that, according to surveys, had a chance of at least one seat in parliament.

Great Britain

Political party:
Conservative Party (Tories)	Labor Party (Labor)	Scottish National Party (SNP)	Liberal Democrats (LibDem)	Plaid Cymru (Plaid)	Green Party (Green)	Brexit Party (Brexit)
Party leader:
Boris Johnson	Jeremy Corbyn	Nicola Sturgeon	Jo Swinson	Adam Price	Jonathan Bartley / Siân Berry	Nigel Farage
Applications for seats:
635 in the UK	631 in the UK	59 in Scotland	611 in the UK	36 in Wales	474 in England and Wales	276 in the UK
Political orientation:
conservatism	Democratic socialism	Scottish separatism , left-wing liberalism	liberalism	Welsh separatism, social democracy	Green politics	Right-wing populism
Attitude to "Brexit" :
“Brexit” under the terms of the exit agreement with the EU	Renegotiation of the exit agreement	against “Brexit”, new referendum on remaining in the EU				"United Kingdom and Gibraltar European Union membership referendum" no withdrawal agreement ( "No Deal United Kingdom and Gibraltar European Union membership referendum")

Northern Ireland

Political party:
Democratic Unionist Party (DUP)	Sinn Féin (SF)	Social Democratic and Labor Party (SDLP)	Ulster Unionist Party (UUP)	Alliance Party of Northern Ireland (Alliance)
Party leader:
Arlene Foster	Mary Lou McDonald	Colum Eastwood	Steve Aiken	Naomi Long
Applications for seats:
17th	15th	15th	16	18th
Political orientation:
Unionism , conservatism	Irish Republicanism , Left Nationalism	Irish nationalism , social democracy	Unionism , conservatism	liberalism
Attitude to "Brexit":
for “Brexit”, against the exit agreement with the EU	against “Brexit”, new referendum on remaining in the EU		for “Brexit”, against the exit agreement with the EU	against “Brexit”, new referendum on remaining in the EU

Electoral alliances

On November 7, 2019, it was announced that LibDem, Greens and the Welsh Plaid Cymru would form an electoral alliance in a total of 60 constituencies and nominate a joint, promising candidate. The aim was to pool the votes of all those interested in remaining in the EU. In addition, the Liberal Democrats did not stand for three seats against Brexit opponents who were still members of the Tories or Labor at the beginning of the last legislative period ( Dominic Grieve , Gavin Shuker and Anna Soubry ).

On November 11th, Nigel Farage announced that the Brexit Party would not nominate candidates in any of the 317 constituencies won by the Conservative Party two years earlier.

In Northern Ireland, there were constituency agreements between the two unionist parties DUP , which advocates a Brexit, and UUP , which pursues EU skepticism, in two seats. The republican, pro-European parties Sinn Féin and SDLP also renounced competing candidacies in two constituencies, while the Northern Irish Greens supported the candidacies of SDLP and Sinn Féin in three constituencies. In the constituency of Belfast East , Sinn Féin, SDLP and the Greens decided not to run in favor of the EU-friendly Alliance Party .

Survey

Seat forecasts for Westminster

Institute	date	Tories	Labor	SNP	LibDem	DUP	SF	plaid	Green	Brexit	Alliance	SDLP	Other	majority
elections etc	December 11, 2019	341	224	43	19th	-	-	4th	1	1	-	-	17th	+32
UKelect	December 11, 2019	348	217	44	17th	10	7th	4th	1	-	-	-	2	+46
houses of Parliament	06/11/2019	298	243	35	21st	10	7th	4th	1	-	-	-	31	−54
Election 2017	06/08/2017	317	262	35	12	10	7th	4th	1	-	-	-	2	−16

Great Britain (excluding Northern Ireland)

Last polls before the election

Institute	date	Tories	Labor	LibDem	SNP	Green	Brexit	Other
Survation	December 11, 2019	45%	34%	9%	4%	3%	3%	2%
Panelbase	December 11, 2019	43%	34%	11%	4%	3%	4%	1 %
Opinium	December 11, 2019	45%	33%	12%	4%	2%	2%	2%
Deltapoll	December 11, 2019	45%	35%	10%	4%	3%	4%	-
Cantar	December 11, 2019	44%	32%	13%	4%	3%	3%	1 %
BMG	December 11, 2019	41%	32%	14%	-	3%	4%	6%
Election 2017	06/08/2017	43.4%	41.0%	7.6%	3.1%	1.7%	-	3.2%

Older surveys (selection)

January - September 2019

date Institute region Respondents Con Labor LibDems SNP plaid UKIP Green Change UK previously The Independent Group (TIG) Brexit Others head Start 2-3 Sep YouGov / The Times GB 1.639 35% 25% 16% 4% 1 % 1 % 7% 0% 11% 0% 10% May 29-30 Deltapoll / The Mail on Sunday GB 2,449 20% 26% 16% TBC TBC TBC TBC TBC 24% TBC 2% May 28-30 Opinium / The Observer GB 2.005 17% 22% 16% 4% 1 % 1 % 11% 1 % 26% 1 % 4% May 28-29 YouGov / The Times GB 1.763 19% 19% 24% 6% 1 % 8th % 1 % 22% 0% 2% 23. May European elections in the United Kingdom 2019 May 22 Survation / Daily Mail UK 2.029 28% 33% 13% 3% 0% 3% 3% 2% 12% 3% 5% May 14-21 Panelbase / The Sunday Times GB 2.033 21% 31% 13% 4% - 3% 5% 4% 19% <1% 10% May 17-20 Opinium GB 2.005 22% 26% 12% 4% 1 % 2% 4% 2% 25% 0% 1 % 17th of May Survation / Daily Mail UK 1,000 27% 32% 13% 5% 0% 2% 3% 2% 13% 4% 5% May 8-17 YouGov / Best for Britain / Hope Not Hate GB 9.260 24% 24% 18% 5% 2% 6% 2% 18% 1 % a draw May 14-16 Opinium / The Observer GB 2.009 22% 29% 11% 4% 0% 2% 3% 3% 24% 1 % 5% May 13-14 YouGov / The Times GB 1.655 25% 25% 16% 5% 2% 7% 2% 18% 1 % a draw May 10-14 Ipsos MORI GB 1.072 25% 27% 15% 4% 1 % 3% 7% 2% 16% 1 % 2% May 9-13 Hanbury Strategy / Politico GB 2,000 21% 30% 13% 4% - 2% 5% 6% 19% 1 % 9% May 9-13 Cantar GB 1.152 25% 34% 15% 5% 2% 4% 3% 1 % 10% 2% 9% May 10-12 ComRes / The Daily Telegraph GB 2.028 20% 27% 13% 3% 0% 4% 4% 6% 20% 1 % 7% May 8-10 Opinium / The Observer GB 2.004 22% 28% 11% 4% 0% 4% 6% 4% 21% 0% 6% May 7-10 BMG / The Independent GB 1.541 27% 30% 18% 2% 0% 3% 6% 3% 10% 1 % 3% May 9 ComRes / The Daily Telegraph - - 19% 27% 14% 5% - 3% 5% 7% 20% - 7% 8th of May Opinium - - 22% 28% 11% 4% - 4% 6% 4% 21% - 6% 2.May Local elections in the UK 2019 29-30 Apr YouGov GB 1.630 29% 29% 13% 4% 2% 5% 3% 15% 1 % a draw 23-24 Apr YouGov / The Times GB 1,787 27% 30% 11% 5% 4% 5% 3% 14% 1 % 3% 18-24 Apr Panelbase / The Sunday Times GB 2.030 27% 36% 8th % 4% - 5% 3% 4% 13% 1 % 9% 21-23 Apr Opinium / The Observer GB 1.218 26% 33% 6% 5% 1 % 4% 4% 4% 17% - 7% 17 Apr OnePoll / The Sun on Sunday UK 2,000 24% 33% 9% 4% - 5% 5% 5% 14% 2% 9% 16-17 Apr ORB / The Daily Telegraph UK 1.547 26% 29% 8th % 4% 1 % 5% 4% 5% 14% 4% 3% 16-17 Apr YouGov / The Times GB 1,755 29% 30% 10% 5% 4% 5% 3% 12% 2% 1 % 16 Apr ComRes / Brexit Express GB 1.061 23% 33% 7% 3% 1 % 5% 3% 9% 14% 1 % 10% 9-12 Apr Opinium / The Observer GB 2.007 29% 36% 8th % 5% 1 % 11% 4% - - 6% 7% 10-11 Apr YouGov / The Times GB 1,843 28% 32% 11% 5% 6% 5% 3% 8th % 2% 4% 5–8 Apr Hanbury Strategy GB 2,000 31% 40% 8th % 4% 1 % 8th % 5% - - 4% 9% 4-8 Apr Kantar Public GB 1.172 32% 35% 11% 5% 1 % 7% 4% - - 6% 3% 3–8 Apr Survation E + W 6,062 37% 41% 10% - 1 % 7% 2% 1 % - 2% 4% 5-7 Apr ComRes / The Daily Telegraph GB 2.018 32% 32% 7% 3% - 9% 3% 9% - 4% a draw 2-5 Apr BMG / The Independent GB 1,500 29% 31% 8th % 3% 1 % 7% 4% 8th % 6% 1 % 2% 2-5 Apr BMG / The Independent GB 1,500 35% 34% 11% 4% 1 % 6% 5% - - 3% 1 % 4 Apr Newport West by-election 2-3 Apr YouGov GB 1,771 32% 31% 12% 5% 1 % 4% 7% - 5% 3% 1 % 28-30 Mar Deltapoll / The Mail on Sunday GB 1.010 32% 35% 7% 2% 1 % 6% 2% 9% - 7% 3% 28-30 Mar Deltapoll / The Mail on Sunday GB 1.010 36% 41% 7% 3% 1 % 7% 3% - - 3% 5% 28-29 Mar Opinium / The Observer GB 2.008 35% 35% 9% 4% 0% 9% 5% - - 3% a draw 24-25 Mar YouGov / The Times GB 2.110 36% 33% 11% 4% 1 % 4% 4% - 5% 2% 3% 22-24 Mar ComRes / Leave Means Leave GB 2.030 33% 33% 8th % 3% 1 % 7% 3% 9% - 3% a draw 22 Mar Nigel Farage becomes chairman of the newly formed Brexit Party 20-22 Mar Opinium / The Observer GB 2.002 36% 35% 7% 5% 1 % 9% 4% - - 3% 1 % 20-21 Mar ComRes / Daily Express GB 2.063 34% 35% 8th % 3% 0% 7% 4% 6% - 4% 1 % 15-19 Mar Ipsos MORI GB 1.050 38% 34% 8th % 5% 1 % 7% 4% 2% 1 % 1 % 4% 15-17 Mar ComRes / The Daily Telegraph GB 2.033 34% 35% 8th % 3% 1 % 6% 3% 7% - 3% 1 % 15 Mar Survation / Daily Mail UK 1.007 35% 39% 10% 3% 0% 5% 4% - - 2% 4% 14-15 Mar YouGov / The Times GB 1.756 35% 31% 12% 3% 1 % 4% 6% - 4% 2% 4% 14-15 Mar YouGov / People's Vote GB 1,823 35% 33% 11% 3% 1 % 5% 6% - - 6% 2% 13-15 Mar Opinium / The Observer GB 2.003 35% 35% 7% 5% 0% 8th % 4% 4% - 2% a draw 12-15 Mar Opinium / The Observer GB 1.952 38% 34% 8th % 5% 1 % 8th % 3% - - 3% 4% 7-11 Mar Kantar Public GB 1.152 41% 31% 8th % 5% - 6% 6% - - 2% 10% 4–8 Mar BMG GB 1.504 37% 31% 10% 3% 1 % 6% 5% 5% - 1 % 6% 4–8 Mar BMG GB 1.503 39% 34% 12% 3% 1 % 5% 4% - - 2% 5% 4-5 Mar ComRes / Brexit Express GB 2.042 36% 34% 8th % 3% - 6% 3% 8th % - 2% 2% 3-4 Mar YouGov / The Times GB 2.172 40% 31% 11% 4% 1 % 4% 3% - 3% 3% 9% 26 Feb – 1 Mar Opinium / The Guardian GB 2.004 37% 33% 7% 4% 1 % 7% 4% 5% - 2% 4% 26 Feb – 1 Mar Opinium / The Observer GB 1,948 40% 34% 9% 4% 1 % 7% 3% - - 3% 6% 22-23 Feb. YouGov / The Times GB 1.672 41% 30% 10% 4% 1 % 4% 5% - 2% 3% 11% 22-23 Feb. YouGov / The Times GB 1.672 36% 23% 6% - - - - 18% - 16% 13% 21-23 Feb. Deltapoll / The Mail on Sunday GB 1.027 39% 31% 5% 5% 0% 4% 3% 11% - 1 % 8th % 21-23 Feb. Deltapoll / The Mail on Sunday GB 1.027 43% 36% 6% 4% 0% 5% 3% - - 2% 7% 20-22 Feb. Opinium GB 2.008 40% 32% 5% 4% 1 % 7% 4% 6% - 2% 8th % 19 Feb Sky Data GB 1.034 32% 26% 9% 4% 1 % 6% 4% 10% - 7% 6% 18-19 Feb YouGov / The Times GB 1,861 38% 26% 7% - - - - 14% - 15% 12% 18-19 Feb YouGov / The Times GB 1,861 41% 33% 10% 4% 1 % 4% 4% - - 2% 8th % 18 Feb Survation / Daily Mail UK 1.023 39% 34% 6% 3% 1 % 5% 4% 8th % - 1 % 5% 18 Feb Survation / Daily Mail UK 1.023 40% 36% 10% 3% - 5% 2% - - 5% 4% 18-20 Feb. Eight MPs from the Labor Party and 3 MPs from the Conservative Party resign from their parties and form The Independent Group 13-15 Feb. Opinium / The Observer GB 2.005 37% 37% 8th % 4% 0% 7% 4% - - 2% a draw 7-11 Feb. Kantar Public GB 1,145 40% 35% 10% 4% 1 % 3% 4% - - 3% 5% 4-8 Feb BMG GB 1.503 38% 35% 13% 3% 1 % 5% 5% - - 1 % 3% 1–5 Feb Ipsos MORI GB 1.005 38% 38% 10% 4% 1 % 4% 3% - - 3% a draw 3-4 Feb YouGov / The Times GB 1,851 41% 34% 10% 4% 1 % 4% 4% - - 2% 7% 30 Jan – 1 Feb Opinium / The Observer GB 1.952 41% 34% 8th % 4% 1 % 7% 4% - - 1 % 7% 30 Jan Survation / Daily Mail UK 1.029 38% 39% 9% 3% - 4% 2% - - 4% 1 % 23-25 ​​Jan Opinium / People's Vote GB 2.001 40% 36% 7% 4% 1 % 7% 4% - - 1 % 4% 16-18 Jan ICM GB 2.046 39% 40% 9% 3% 0% 5% 3% - - 1 % 1 % 16-18 Jan Opinium / The Observer GB 2.006 37% 40% 7% 5% 1 % 7% 4% - - 1 % 3% 16-17 Jan ComRes / Sunday Express GB 2.031 38% 37% 10% 3% 1 % 6% 3% - - 2% 1 % 10–17 Jan Number Cruncher Politics GB 1.030 41% 39% 8th % 3% 1 % 4% 2% - - 1 % 2% 14-15 Jan ComRes / Daily Express GB 2.010 37% 39% 8th % 3% 1 % 7% 3% - - 1 % 2% Jan 13-14 YouGov / The Times GB 1.701 39% 34% 11% 4% 1 % 6% 4% - - 1 % 5% 10-14 Jan Cantar GB 1.106 35% 38% 9% 4% 1 % 6% 4% - - 3% 3% 10–11 Jan Survation / Daily Mail UK 1.013 38% 41% 10% 3% - 4% 2% - - 3% 3% 8–11 Jan BMG / The Independent GB 1.514 36% 36% 12% 3% 1 % 6% 5% - - 1 % a draw 6–7 Jan YouGov / The Times GB 1.656 41% 35% 11% 3% 1 % 4% 3% - - 1 % 6% 21 Dec – 4 Jan YouGov / People's Vote UK 25,537 40% 34% 10% 3% 1 % 4% 4% - - 2% 6%

course

Survey values ​​averaged over monthly survey results, from the 2017 election to the 2019 election

Scotland

Institute	date	SNP	Tories	Labor	LibDem	Other
Survation	December 11, 2019	46%	28%	15%	10%	1 %
Election 2017	06/08/2017	36.9%	28.6%	27.1%	6.8%	0.6%

Wales

Institute	date	Labor	Tories	plaid	LibDem	Brexit	Other
YouGov	December 10, 2019	43%	34%	10%	5%	6%	2%
Election 2017	06/08/2017	48.9%	33.6%	10.4%	4.5%	-	2.6%

Northern Ireland

Institute	date	DUP	SF	SDLP	UUP	Alliance	Other
Lucid Talk	11/30/2019	28%	24%	12%	10%	15%	10%
Election 2017	06/08/2017	36.0%	29.4%	11.7%	10.3%	7.9%	2.1%

Results

In the early general election, the Labor Party achieved its worst election result since 1935, while the Conservative Party won an absolute majority in the House of Commons by a large margin. The Tories have won their largest majority since Margaret Thatcher's victory in 1987 , both in terms of seats in the House of Commons and votes. They also won 33 of the 63 seats in the so-called red wall , a collection of constituencies from northern Wales to the Midlands to northern England, which had elected Labor MPs without interruption for decades and which formed the basis for the electoral successes of Labor in the party's past election victories. Commentators spoke of a "landslide victory" for Prime Minister Boris Johnson and a clear mandate for Brexit. Johnson then announced that he wanted to do this as soon as possible.

Labor, on the other hand, got just 203 seats with 32.2% of the vote. In addition to the losses in the red wall area , there were further losses in Scotland and Wales, both of which were former strongholds of the party. In Scotland only a single constituency remained in the hands of Labor. The day after the election, Labor leader Jeremy Corbyn announced that he would no longer lead his party in the next general election, but initially left his resignation open. The liberal party leader Jo Swinson , who had narrowly lost her own seat to the SNP, resigned from office. The SNP party leader Nicola Sturgeon called for another referendum on the independence of Scotland due to the good results of her party . In Northern Ireland , the pro-Irish nationalists won more seats than the pro-British unionists for the first time .

For the first time, more women than men entered parliament for the Liberals and Socialists, which led to a record number of female members of parliament.

Nationwide result

Map of the won constituencies

Constituency gains compared to last election 2017: Conservative Party Labor Party Scottish National Party Liberal Democrats Social Democratic and Labor Party Sinn Féin Alliance Party of Northern Ireland constituency des Speakers









The nationwide voter turnout was 67.3% ( ▼ 1.5).  

Political party		Seats			be right
		number	in %	+/-	number	in %	+/-%
	Conservative party	365	56.2	▲ 47	13,966,451	43.6	▲ 1.2
	Labor Party	203	31.2	▼ 59	10,295,907	32.2	▼ 7.8
	Scottish National Party	48	7.4	▲ 13	1,242,380	3.9	▲ 0.8
	Liberal Democrats	11	1.7	▼ 1	3,696,419	11.5	▲ 4.2
	Democratic Unionist Party	8th	1.2	▼ 2	244.127	0.8	▼ 0.1
	Sinn Féin	7th	1.1	▬ 0	181.853	0.6	▼ 0.1
	Plaid Cymru	4th	0.6	▬ 0	153.265	0.5	▬ 0
	Social Democratic and Labor Party	2	0.3	▲ 2	118,737	0.4	▼ 0.1
	Green Party of England and Wales	1	0.2	▬ 0	835,589	2.7	▲ 1.1
	Alliance Party of Northern Ireland	1	0.2	▲ 1	134.115	0.4	▲ 0.2
	Brexit party	-	-	-	644.275	2.0	New
	Ulster Unionist Party	-	-	-	93.123	0.3	▬ 0
	The Yorkshire Party	-	-	-	29,201	0.1	▬
	Scottish Green Party	-	-	-	28,122	0.1	▬
	UKIP	-	-	-	22,817	0.1	▼ 1.8
	Ashfield Independents	-	-	-	13,498	0.0	▬
	Liberal party	-	-	-	10,876	0.0	New
	Independent Group for Change	-	-	-	10,006	0.0	New
	Aontú	-	-	-	9,814	0.0	New
	Official Monster Raving Loony Party	-	-	-	9,739	0.0	▬
	People Before Profit	-	-	-	7,526	0.0	▬
	Birkenhead Social Justice	-	-	-	7,285	0.0	New
	Christian Peoples Alliance	-	-	-	6,486	0.0	▬
	Heavy woolen independents	-	-	-	6,423	0.0	▬
	Social Democratic Party	-	-	-	3,295	0.0	▬
	Animal Welfare Party	-	-	-	3,086	0.0	▬
	North East Party	-	-	-	2,637	0.0	▬
	Lincolnshire Independent	-	-	-	1999	0.0	▬
	Green Party in Northern Ireland	-	-	-	1.996	0.0	▬
	English Democrats	-	-	-	1,987	0.0	▬
	Mebyon Kernow	-	-	-	1,660	0.0	▬
	Proud of Oldham and Saddleworth	-	-	-	1,606	0.0	New
	Independent Network	-	-	-	1,542	0.0	New
	Gwlad Gwlad	-	-	-	1,515	0.0	New
	Libertarian party	-	-	-	1,375	0.0	▬
	The Cynon Valley Party	-	-	-	1,322	0.0	New
	Veterans and People's Party	-	-	-	1,219	0.0	New
	Burnley and Padiham Party	-	-	-	1,162	0.0	▬
	Shropshire Party	-	-	-	1,141	0.0	▬
	Putting Cumbria First	-	-	-	1,070	0.0	New
	Peace party	-	-	-	971	0.0	▬
	Wycombe Independents	-	-	-	926	0.0	▬
	The Justice & Anti-Corruption Party	-	-	-	728	0.0	▬
	Renew	-	-	-	545	0.0	New
	Workers Revolutionary Party	-	-	-	524	0.0	▬
	British National Party	-	-	-	510	0.0	▬
	Scottish Family Party	-	-	-	465	0.0	New
	Scottish Christian Party	-	-	-	460	0.0	▬
	Women's Equality Party	-	-	-	416	0.0	▬
	Scottish Libertarian Party	-	-	-	405	0.0	New
	Communities United Party	-	-	-	393	0.0	▬
	Advance Together	-	-	-	351	0.0	New
	Young People's Party	-	-	-	311	0.0	▬
	Alliance for Green Socialism	-	-	-	278	0.0	▬
	Welsh Christian Party	-	-	-	245	0.0	New
	Yeshua	-	-	-	204	0.0	New
	Church of the Militant Elvis Party	-	-	-	172	0.0	▬
	Socialist Equality Party	-	-	-	172	0.0	▬
	Socialist Party of Great Britain	-	-	-	157	0.0	▬
	Other	-	-	-	209.186	0.6
total		650	100		32,014,065	100
Number of eligible voters and turnout					47,587,254	67.3	▼ 1.5
Source: bbc.com

England

533 of the total of 650 constituencies were in England .

Political party		Seats			be right
		number	in %	+/-	number	in %	+/-%
	Conservative party	345	64.7	▲ 48	12,710,845	47.2	▲ 1.7
	Labor Party	180	33.7	▼ 47	9,152,039	34.0	▼ 7.9
	Liberal Democrats	7th	1.3	▼ 1	3,340,831	12.4	▲ 4.6
	Green Party of England and Wales	1	0.2	▬ 0	819.761	3.0	▲ 1.2
	Brexit party	-	-	-	547.106	2.0	New
	The Yorkshire Party	-	-	-	29,201	0.1	▬
	UKIP	-	-	-	18,891	0.1	▼ 2.0
	Ashfield Independents	-	-	-	13,498	0.0	▬
	Liberal party	-	-	-	10,876	0.0	New
	Independent Group for Change	-	-	-	10,006	0.0	New
	Official Monster Raving Loony Party	-	-	-	9,394	0.0	▬
	Birkenhead Social Justice	-	-	-	7,285	0.0	New
	Heavy woolen independents	-	-	-	6,423	0.0	▬
	Christian Peoples Alliance	-	-	-	6,246	0.0	▬
	Animal Welfare Party	-	-	-	3,086	0.0	▬
	Social Democratic Party	-	-	-	3,000	0.0	▬
	North East Party	-	-	-	2,637	0.0	▬
	Lincolnshire Independent	-	-	-	1999	0.0	▬
	English Democrats	-	-	-	1,987	0.0	▬
	Mebyon Kernow	-	-	-	1,660	0.0	▬
	Proud of Oldham and Saddleworth	-	-	-	1,606	0.0	New
	Independent Network	-	-	-	1,542	0.0	New
	Libertarian party	-	-	-	1,375	0.0	▬
	Burnley and Padiham Party	-	-	-	1,162	0.0	▬
	Shropshire Party	-	-	-	1,141	0.0	▬
	Putting Cumbria First	-	-	-	1,070	0.0	New
	Peace party	-	-	-	971	0.0	▬
	Wycombe Independents	-	-	-	926	0.0	▬
	The Justice & Anti-Corruption Party	-	-	-	728	0.0	▬
	Veterans and People's Party	-	-	-	631	0.0	New
	Workers Revolutionary Party	-	-	-	524	0.0	▬
	British National Party	-	-	-	510	0.0	▬
	Women's Equality Party	-	-	-	416	0.0	▬
	Renew	-	-	-	407	0.0	New
	Communities United Party	-	-	-	393	0.0	▬
	Advance Together	-	-	-	351	0.0	New
	Young People's Party	-	-	-	311	0.0	▬
	Alliance for Green Socialism	-	-	-	278	0.0	▬
	Yeshua	-	-	-	204	0.0	New
	Church of the Militant Elvis Party	-	-	-	172	0.0	▬
	Socialist Equality Party	-	-	-	172	0.0	▬
	Socialist Party of Great Britain	-	-	-	69	0.0	▬
	Other	-	-	-	197,887	0.7
total		533	100		26,911,613	100
voter turnout						67.4	▼ 1.7
Final result, source: bbc.com

Scotland

59 of the total of 650 constituencies were in Scotland .

Political party		Seats			be right
		number	in %	+/-	number	in %	+/-%
	Scottish National Party	48	81.4	▲ 13	1,242,380	45.0	▲ 8.1
	Conservative party	6th	10.2	▼ 7	692.939	25.1	▼ 3.5
	Liberal Democrats	4th	6.8	▬ 0	263,417	9.5	▲ 2.8
	Labor Party	1	1.6	▼ 6	511,838	18.6	▼ 8.5
	Scottish Green Party	-	-	-	28,122	1.0	▲ 0.8
	Brexit party	-	-	-	13,243	0.5	New
	UKIP	-	-	-	3,303	0.1	▼ 0.1
	Veterans and People's Party	-	-	-	588	0.0	New
	Scottish Family Party	-	-	-	465	0.0	New
	Scottish Christian Party	-	-	-	460	0.0	▼ 0.1
	Scottish Libertarian Party	-	-	-	405	0.0	New
	Christian Peoples Alliance	-	-	-	240	0.0	New
	Renew	-	-	-	138	0.0	New
	Social Democratic Party	-	-	-	114	0.0	▬
	Independent	-	-	-	1,409	0.0	▼ 0.2
total		59	100		2,759,061	100
voter turnout						68.1	▲ 1.6
Final result, source: bbc.com

Wales

Forty of the 650 constituencies were in Wales .

Political party		Seats			be right
		number	in %	+/-	number	in %	+/-%
	Labor Party	22nd	55.0	▼ 6	632.035	40.9	▼ 8.0
	Conservative party	14th	35.0	▲ 6	557.234	36.1	▲ 2.5
	Plaid Cymru	4th	10.0	▬ 0	153.265	9.9	▼ 0.5
	Liberal Democrats	-	-	-	92.171	6.0	▲ 1.5
	Brexit party	-	-	-	83.908	5.4	New
	Green Party of England and Wales	-	-	-	15,828	1.0	▲ 0.7
	Gwlad Gwlad	-	-	-	1,515	0.1	New
	The Cynon Valley Party	-	-	-	1,322	0.1	New
	Official Monster Raving Loony Party	-	-	-	345	0.0	▬
	Welsh Christian Party	-	-	-	245	0.0	New
	Social Democratic Party	-	-	-	181	0.0	New
	Socialist Party of Great Britain	-	-	-	88	0.0	New
	Independent	-	-	-	6.220	0.4
total		40	100		1,544,357	100
voter turnout						66.6	▼ 2.0
Final result, source: bbc.com

Northern Ireland

Eighteen of the total of 650 constituencies were in Northern Ireland .

Political party		Seats			be right
		number	in %	+/-	number	in %	+/-%
	Democratic Unionist Party	8th	44.4	▼ 2	244.127	30.6	▼ 5.4
	Sinn Féin	7th	38.9	▬ 0	181.853	22.8	▼ 6.6
	Social Democratic and Labor Party	2	11.1	▲ 2	118,737	14.9	▲ 3.2
	Alliance Party of Northern Ireland	1	5.6	▲ 1	134.115	16.8	▲ 8.9
	Ulster Unionist Party	-	-	-	93.123	11.7	▲ 1.4
	Aontú	-	-	-	9,814	1.2	New
	People Before Profit	-	-	-	7,526	0.9	▲ 0.2
	Conservative party	-	-	-	5,433	0.7	▲ 0.2
	Green Party in Northern Ireland	-	-	-	1.996	0.2	▼ 0.7
	UKIP	-	-	-	623	0.0	New
	Independent	-	-	▼ 1	1,687	0.2	▼ 1.8
total		18th	100		799.034	100
voter turnout						61.8	▼ 3.6
Final result, source: bbc.com

evaluation

The election victory of the Conservatives was so comprehensive that it was often referred to as a "landslide" in the media. Johnson's election victory has been compared to Margaret Thatcher's 1979 victory . The gains made by the Conservatives in the traditional Labor strongholds in the old industrial towns in the north and midlands of England and in Wales were particularly impressive. Johnson's Conservatives had only won about 300,000 more votes than Theresa May in the 2017 election (just under 14 instead of 13.7 million votes), but Jeremy Corbyn's Labor Party had lost 2.6 million votes (10.3 instead of 12.9 million votes) ). Benefiting from the relative majority voting rights, the Conservatives had gained 47 seats, their biggest victory since the 1979 general election .

Most commentators agreed that a major factor in Labor's heavy losses was Corbyn's person. With his “socialist” visions and his incoherent and changeable stance on the question of leaving the EU, he had not convinced many traditional or potential Labor voters. The accusations of anti-Semitism in the Labor Party that were still in the room also bothered her.

Another hallmark of the election was the significant gains by the Scottish National Party. In the 2017 election, the SNP had to accept considerable losses compared to 2015, which it was able to make up for a large part this time. It won 48 of Scotland's 59 constituencies, including the East Dunbartonshire constituency of LibDems chairman Jo Swinson with a very narrow majority of 149 votes . On the evening of the election, First Minister Nicola Sturgeon announced that she would seek a second independence referendum in Scotland ( "indyref2" ). This demand was categorically rejected by the Conservatives and Boris Johnson.

The Liberal Democrats, as the third party with the largest number of votes, gained significantly more votes, but were unable to increase their share of the number of seats, and even lost one seat on the balance sheet (11 instead of 12 seats). Jo Swinson lamented the "wave of nationalism" that had spread "on both sides of the border" (in England and Scotland) and announced her resignation as leader of the Liberal Democrats.

Web links

Commons : British General Election 2019  - Pictures, Videos and Audio Files Collection

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Results of the 2019 General Elections 2019 , on bbc.com
2. ^ That there shall be an early parliamentary general election - Commons Votes. September 4, 2019, accessed October 25, 2019 . 
3. ↑ That there shall be an early parliamentary general election (No. 2 motion) - CommonsVotes. September 9, 2019, accessed October 25, 2019 . 
4. ↑ PM to try for 12 December election . October 24, 2019 ( bbc.com [accessed October 25, 2019]).
5. ^ Leaders in pre-election clash over NHS, Brexit and economy. BBC News, October 30, 2019, accessed October 30, 2019 . 
6. ↑ British Parliament dissolved - election campaign officially started. Spiegel Online , November 6, 2019, accessed on the same day
7. ↑ ^{a b} Conclusion Wahl in Great Britain , on tagesschau.de
8. ^ Parliamentary constituencies , Parliament. uk (UK Parliament website, accessed October 30, 2019)
9. ↑ Pro EU parties join forces , zdf.de, accessed on November 7, 2019.
10. ↑ Kate Proctor, Graeme Wearden: Brexit party will not contest 317 Tory-won seats, Farage says . In: The Guardian . November 11, 2019, ISSN  0261-3077 ( theguardian.com [accessed November 11, 2019]).
11. ↑ FINAL COMBINED FORECAST FOR THE 2019 GENERAL ELECTION , elections etc.
12. ↑ General Election Forecast, December 11th 2019 , on ukelect.co.uk
13. ↑ Survation Final General Election 2019 Poll Results , on survation.com
14. ↑ (PDF file) Panelbase survey from December 11, 2019 , on drg.global
15. ↑ Political Polling 10th December 2019 - Final Poll , on opinum.co.uk
16. ↑ The final voting intention results for the 2019 General Election , on deltapoll.co.uk/
17. ↑ Conservatives hold 12-point lead under current turnout projections , on kantar.com
18. ↑ General election: Boris Johnson likely to win small majority but hung parliament still possible, poll finds , on independent.co.uk/
19. ↑ European elections 2019: Polls take place across the UK , BBC News. 23 May 2019. 
20. ^ Newport West By-election results . Retrieved April 22, 2019.
21. ↑ PoliticsHome.com: Nigel Farage will lead new Brexit party as founding boss quits over anti-Islam tweets ( en ) March 22, 2019. Retrieved April 22, 2019.
22. ^ Seven MPs leave Labor in Corbyn protest (en-GB) . February 18, 2019. Retrieved April 22, 2019. 
23. ^ Scotland, Westminster voting intention , tweet from Britain elects
24. ↑ YouGov survey December 10, 2019 , on yougov.de
25. ↑ DUP set to hold Nigel Dodds's Belfast seat but lose Emma Little Pengelly's , on thetimes.co.uk
26. ↑ BBC.com: General election 2019: 'Worst night for Labor since 1935' , December 13, 2019
27. ^ How the Labor party's 'red wall' turned blue
28. ↑ bbc.com
29. ↑ Friedbert Meurer: Conservatives storm the strongholds of Labor. Deutschlandfunk Kultur, December 13, 2019, accessed on December 15, 2019 . 
30. ^ Garvan Walshe: Boris Johnson's Victory Is Exactly What the EU Wants. Foreign Policy, December 13, 2019, accessed December 15, 2019 . 
31. ↑ ^{a b} Peter Walker, Simon Murphy, Libby Brooks: Jo Swinson quits as Lib Dem leader after losing her own seat. The Guardian, December 13, 2019, accessed December 15, 2019 . 
32. ^ Severin Carrell: Sturgeon demands Scottish independence referendum powers after SNP landslide. The Guardian, December 13, 2019, accessed December 15, 2019 .