Erzurum (province)

Erzurum
Province number:	25th
Counties
Basic data
Coordinates:	40 ° 4 ′  N , 41 ° 34 ′  E Coordinates: 40 ° 4 ′  N , 41 ° 34 ′  E
Provincial capital:	Erzurum
Region:	Eastern Anatolia
Surface:	25,006 km²
Population:	767,848 (2018)
Population density:	30.7 inhabitants / km²
Political
Governor:	Okay Memiş
Seats in Parliament:	6th
Structural
Telephone code:	0442
Features :	25th
Website
www.erzurum.gov.tr (Turkish)

Erzurum ( Armenian Arzen Կարին, Kurdish Erzırom ) is a Turkish province in eastern Asia Minor ; the capital of the province bears the same name, Erzurum . The province is the fourth largest in Turkey and is surrounded by the provinces of Bingöl , Muş , Artvin , Ardahan , Ağrı , Kars , Erzincan , Bayburt and Rize .

geography

Erzurum has an area of ​​25,006 km². In regional terms, 70% of Erzurum belong to Eastern Anatolia and 30% to the Black Sea region. The plateaus of the province are on average 2000 m high, while the mountains are around 3000 m high. The Mescit Mountains are 3239  m high at their highest point and the Dumlu Dağı 3169  m . Another mountain known as a resort and ski area is the 3124  m high Palandöken Dağı . The valleys are at an altitude of 1500 to 1800 m. The most important rivers are the Aras and the Karasu , the northern source river of the Euphrates , which rises here.

Administrative division

The province has been divided into 20 İlçe since 2008 , which resemble a district in terms of settlement in rural areas and a district in urban agglomerations. In 1993, the old municipality of Erzurum was dissolved and a large city municipality ( Erzurum Büyükşehir Belediyesi ) was established in its place . For this purpose, the old urban area was divided into several municipalities ( Belediye ) and with these and neighboring municipalities, the metropolitan municipality was formed. Successive was set up and dissolution of municipalities and overpasses of village ( Köy ) in Mahalle organizations a Einräumigkeit manufactured by local administration (by the Belediye) and state management (by the İlçe), so that as a result, the area of the individual communities with the each state administrative district of the same name covers. After an administrative reform in 2013/2014, the area of ​​the metropolitan municipality includes the entire province. The municipal self-government organs at provincial level ( İl Meclisi ) were dissolved and their responsibilities were transferred to the administration of the metropolitan municipality. The province thus became a purely state administrative district.

İlçe	Kurdish name	Area in km²  1	Population on December 31, 2018  2			Number of mahalles	Population density  (inh. Per km²)	Sex ratio women to 1000 men  3	Founding date  4.5
			total	male	Female
Aşkale		1,507	23,589	11,799	11,790	76	15.7	999	1934
Aziziye		1,529	62,289	32,078	30.211	72	40.7	942	1990
Çat	Avî	1,448	17,389	9,021	8,368	45	12.0	928	1954
Hınıs	Xinûs	1,367	26,865	13,768	13.097	98	19.7	951
Horasan	Xoresan	1,740	39,445	20,090	19,355	87	22.7	963	1953
İspir		2.129	15,898	7,830	8,068	100	7.5	1030
Karaçoban	Qereçoban	571	23,246	11,816	11,430	27	40.7	967	1987
Karayazı	Gogsi	1.953	28,502	14,576	13,926	75	14.6	955	1937
Köprüköy	Avnîk	777	16,178	8,313	7,865	42	20.8	946	1990
Narman		799	13,381	6,718	6,663	46	16.7	992	1954
Oltu		1,441	30,966	15,740	15,226	72	21.5	967
Olur	Tawûsker	893	6,715	3,342	3,373	43	7.5	1009	1958
Palandöken		667	168,651	83,050	85,601	26th	252.9	1031	2008
Pasinler		1,134	28,961	14,713	14,248	72	25.5	968
Pazaryolu		654	4,501	2,241	2,260	44	6.9	1008	1989
Şenkaya	Bardîz	1,381	18,281	9,228	9,053	71	13.2	981	1946
Tekman	Tattoos	2,102	25,969	13,142	12,827	71	12.4	976	1946
Tortum		1,463	17.054	8,537	8,517	58	11.7	998
Uzundere		505	8,744	4,404	4,340	18th	17.3	985	1987
Yakutiye		945	191,224	93,029	98.195	44	202.4	1056	2008
PROVINCE of Erzurum		25.006	767.848	383,435	384.413	1187	30.7	1003

swell

¹ Area 2014

² Population update as of December 31, 2018

³ Gender ratio : number of women per 1000 men (calculated)

^4th Ministry of Interior PDF

⁵Counties that were not formed until after Turkey was founded (1923).

At the end of 2012 (the last day of the statistical collection of the villages) there were 965 villages ( Köy ) in the province , of which 23 had more than 1000 inhabitants, but 307 had fewer than 100 inhabitants, two villages had only 7 inhabitants. At the end of 2012 there were also 34 municipalities (Belediye) with a total of 535,318 inhabitants (that was 68.8% of the total population). All villages and those 14 parishes that were not a district seat were converted into Mahalles , so that between 2012 and 2013 their number rose from 332 to 1179.

population

Results of the population extrapolation

The following table shows the annual population development after updating by the addressable population register (ADNKS) introduced in 2007. In addition, (the population growth rate and gender relations are sex ratio , the number of women per 1,000 men mathematically determined d. H.) Listed. The 2011 census determined 781,626 inhabitants, which is 150,000 fewer than in the 2000 census.

year	Population at the end of the year			Population growth rate (in%)	Gender ratio (women per 1000 men)	Rank (among 81 provinces)
	total	male	Female
2018	767.848	383,435	384.413	0.97	1003	30th
2017	760.476	379.227	381.249	-0.20	1005	29
2016	762.021	381.138	380,883	-0.04	999	29
2015	762,321	382.163	380,158	-0.13	995	29
2014	763.320	384.356	378.964	-0.44	986	29
2013	766.729	384.015	382.714	-1.47	997	27
2012	778.195	391.290	386.905	-0.34	989	26th
2011	780.847	393.081	387.766	1.53	986	26th
2010	769.085	384,630	384,455	-0.66	1000	25th
2009	774.207	389.761	384,446	-0.10	986	25th
2008	774.967	391,588	383.379	-1.27	979	24
2007	784.941	393,589	391.352	-	994	23
2000	937.389	482.199	455.190		944	21st

Census results

The following tables show the population of the province of Erzurum documented in the 15 censuses . The values ​​in the table on the left come from e-books (from the original documents), the values ​​in the table on the right are based on the data query from the Turkish statistical institute TÜIK

year	Population on censor day		Share in%	rank
	Turkey	Erzurum Province
1927	13,648,270	270.925	1.99	15th
1935	16.158.018	385,387	2.39	10
1940	17,820,950	371.394	2.08	13
1945	18,790,174	395.876	2.11	13
1950	20,947,188	461.090	2.20	13
1955	24,064,763	517.739	2.15	11
1960	27,754,820	568,864	2.05	10

year	Population on censor day		Share in%	rank
	Turkey	Erzurum Province
1965	31,391,421	628.001	2.00	12
1970	35.605.176	684.951	1.92	12
1975	40,347,719	746,666	1.85	11
1980	44,736,957	801,809	1.79	14th
1985	50,664,458	856.175	1.69	17th
1990	56.473.035	848.201	1.50	20th
2000	67,803,927	937.389	1.38	21st
2011	74,525,696	781.626	1.05	25th

Number of provinces in relation to the census years:

• 1927, 1940 to 1950: 63 provinces
• 1935: 57 provinces
• 1955: 67 provinces
• 1960 to 1985: 73 provinces
• 1990: 73 provinces
• 2000: 81 provinces

Detailed census results

year	Total population			Urban population			Rural population
	total	male	Female	total	male	Female	total	male	Female
1927	270.925	133,456	137,469	40.166	21,402	18,764	230,759	112.054	118,705
1935	385,387	189,467	195.920	45,809	23,715	22.094	339,578	165.752	173,826
1940	371.394	190,485	180.909	63,862	38,799	25,063	307,532	151,686	155,846
1945	395.876	203.943	191.933	68,440	41,892	26,548	327,436	162.051	165.385
1950	461.090	241,399	219,691	76,332	46,379	29,953	384,758	195.020	189,738
1955	519.976	278.943	241.033	108,826	65,631	43,195	411.150	213,312	197,838
1960	568,864	296,897	271.967	129,823	75,545	54,278	439.041	221,352	217,689
1965	628.001	324,977	303.024	152.183	86,314	65,869	475.818	238,663	237.155
1970	684.951	348.024	336.927	196.821	110,250	86,571	488.130	237,774	250.356
1975	746,666	389,557	357.109	241,467	134,620	106,847	505.199	254.937	250.262
1980	801,809	411,682	390.127	285.182	155.794	129,388	516,627	255.888	260.739
1985	856.175	435.276	420,899	350.955	190,850	160.105	505.220	244,426	260.794
1990	848.201	427.701	420,500	400,348	213,248	187.100	447.853	214,453	233,400
2000	937.389	482.199	455.190	560.551	298,759	261,792	376.838	183,440	193,398
2011	781.626	detailed information is missing

history

The Ottoman vilayet Erzurum around 1900

In the Iron Age , the Daiaeni kingdom , which is known from some Assyrian inscriptions, was probably located in the vicinity of Erzurum . Later the area was part of the Urartu Empire . After the fall of Urartus, the Iranian Achaemenids later ruled here . Erzurum was then part of various empires and dynasties. These include the Artaxids , Macedonians, Parthians , Sassanids , Tao-Klardschetien , Armenians , Romans, Byzantines, Arabs and various Turkish principalities such as the Saltukids . Erzurum was several times the border between two rival empires. B. Rome and Parthia or Ottoman Empire and Russia .

The capital Erzurum was the seat of a titular bishopric and the seat of a bishop. With the Arab conquest, the area was gradually Islamized, but there were still many Christian-Armenian communities. Until the genocide of the Armenians , the monastery of Saint Minas of Kes was operated in the village of Gezköy.

Erzurum had been part of the Ottoman Empire since the 16th century and remained so for the most part until the First World War . As the Ottoman Vilayet Erzurum, it was much larger than it is today. In 1878 part of the province was conquered by the Russians in the Russo-Ottoman War of 1877-78 , annexed and annexed to the Kars Oblast . In 1916 the Russians, coming from the north, conquered the area in the Battle of Erzurum . The province of Erzurum has belonged to the Republic of Turkey since the end of the World War and the Turkish War of Independence .

Name customer

The first known name of the city of Erzurum was Karin . The city was expanded and fortified by the Byzantines under Emperor Theodosius II around AD 415 . In his honor it was then named Theodosiopolis. The Arabs named this city Kalikala after Kali, the wife of a local Armenian king. The current name is derived from ore ar-rum. This Arabic term translates as "The ore of the Rhomeans ", in contrast to the also existing "ore of the Arabs". The city ​​was also called Erzen ar-Rum on Seljuk coins . Erzurum is also folk etymologically fromأرض روم/ Erż-ı Rūm (land of the Rhomeans) derived.

Personalities

• Recep Akdağ , Minister of Health
• John Avetaranian , Christian missionary in Xinjiang
• Fethullah Gülen , religious scholar
• Cemal Gürsel , General and President
• Metin Kaplan , so-called "Caliph of Cologne"
• Reşit Karabacak , wrestler
• Karekin Pastermadjian , Ottoman politician and leader of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation
• Adnan Polat , businessman
• Arif Sağ , singer
• Abdulmelik Firat , Turkish Kurdish politician

Web links

Commons : Erzurum Province  - Collection of Images, Videos and Audio Files

• Yerelnet: Erzurum Province

Individual evidence

1. ^ Turkish Institute of Statistics , accessed October 10, 2019
2. ↑ Governor's portrait on the Erzurum Province website
3. ↑ Directorate General of Mapping İl ve İlçe Yüzölçümleri (PDF; 0.25 MB).
4. ↑ Türkiye Nüfusu İl İlçe Mahalle Köy Nüfusu , accessed on October 10, 2019
5. ↑ illeridaresi.gov.tr (PDF; 1.4 MB).
6. ↑ Tokat Nüfusu , accessed on 10 October 2019
7. ^ Library of the Turkish Statistics Institute TÜIK , available after entering search data
8. ↑ Genel Nüfus Sayımları (census results 1965 to 2000) available after selecting the year and region