List of provinces of Turkey
The Republic of Turkey is divided into 81 provinces ( Turkish : İl ).
These are listed below with the number of inhabitants after the last census in 2011 and the current population level (update of the Address Based Population Registration System Turkish ADNKS). The numbers correspond to the license plate number and the first two digits of the postcodes (the numbering was originally strictly alphabetical, deviations from the alphabetical principle result from renaming and new creation). The provinces are divided into districts (sometimes translated as districts ) (Turkish İlçe ). In the course of territorial reforms since the 1980s, 30 (as of 2016) provincial towns were declared Büyükşehir belediyesi , which then encompass the entire province. In such provinces the local / regional self-government is carried out by the Büyükşehir belediyesi under the direction of the Büyükşehir Belediye Başkanı (mostly translated as Lord Mayor ); apart from this, the state administration is under the direction of the Vali ( governor ). In the other provinces, self-government tasks at the provincial level are performed by an İl Özel İdaresi , whose organs are the Vali and an elected İl Meclisi (provincial assembly) chaired by the Vali.
statistics
No. | Province name | Area 4 | population | Number of Units | Density Ew./km² |
urban share (in%) |
Gender ratio 3 |
Metropolitan Province for the year |
||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
(in km 2 ) | 2011 1 | 2017 2 | Districts | Communities | Townships | Villages | ||||||
01 | Adana | 13,844 | 2,102,375 | 2,216,475 | 15th | 15th | 829 | - | 160.1 | 100.00 | 999 | 1986 |
02 | Adıyaman | 7,337 | 594.163 | 615.076 | 9 | 23 | 172 | 451 | 83.8 | 72.47 | 987 | - |
03 | Afyonkarahisar | 14,016 | 701.461 | 715.693 | 18th | 59 | 436 | 423 | 51.1 | 76.13 | 1019 | - |
04 | Ağrı | 11,099 | 553.241 | 536.285 | 8th | 12 | 99 | 562 | 48.3 | 58.70 | 929 | - |
05 | Amasya | 5,628 | 323,331 | 329,888 | 7th | 8th | 107 | 372 | 58.6 | 73.09 | 1007 | - |
06 | Ankara | 25,632 | 4,868,418 | 5,445,026 | 25th | 25th | 1433 | - | 212.4 | 100.00 | 1015 | 1984 |
07 | Antalya | 20,177 | 2,035,563 | 2,364,396 | 19th | 19th | 910 | - | 117.2 | 100.00 | 983 | 1993 |
08 | Artvin | 7,393 | 166.177 | 166.143 | 9 | 9 | 38 | 320 | 22.5 | 62.94 | 989 | - |
09 | Aydin | 8,116 | 999.131 | 1,080,839 | 17th | 17th | 670 | - | 133.2 | 100.00 | 1003 | 2012 |
10 | Balikesir | 14,583 | 1,155,216 | 1,204,824 | 20th | 20th | 1129 | - | 82.6 | 100.00 | 1001 | 2012 |
11 | Bilecik | 4.179 | 203.157 | 221,693 | 8th | 11 | 60 | 245 | 53 | 84.37 | 903 | - |
12 | Bing oil | 8.004 | 261.276 | 273.354 | 8th | 11 | 68 | 320 | 34.2 | 67.30 | 964 | - |
13 | Bitlis | 8,294 | 336.226 | 341,474 | 7th | 13 | 123 | 348 | 41.2 | 64.39 | 935 | - |
14th | Bolu | 8,313 | 276.976 | 303.184 | 9 | 12 | 93 | 487 | 36.5 | 74.09 | 1016 | - |
15th | Burdur | 7.175 | 250,984 | 264,779 | 11 | 14th | 126 | 193 | 36.9 | 70.94 | 990 | - |
16 | Bursa | 10,813 | 2,640,128 | 2,936,803 | 17th | 17th | 1060 | - | 271.6 | 100.00 | 997 | 1986 |
17th | Çanakkale | 9,817 | 489.298 | 530.417 | 12 | 23 | 81 | 574 | 54 | 71.32 | 971 | - |
18th | Çankırı | 7,542 | 175.716 | 186.074 | 12 | 15th | 91 | 376 | 24.7 | 74.84 | 992 | - |
19th | Çorum | 12,428 | 534.825 | 528.422 | 14th | 16 | 124 | 760 | 42.5 | 75.06 | 1020 | - |
20th | Denizli | 12.134 | 940.532 | 1,018,735 | 19th | 19th | 624 | - | 84 | 100.00 | 1007 | 2012 |
21st | Diyarbakır | 15,168 | 1,561,110 | 1,699,901 | 17th | 17th | 1041 | - | 112.1 | 100.00 | 983 | 1993 |
22nd | Edirne | 6,145 | 400,554 | 406.855 | 9 | 16 | 94 | 254 | 66.2 | 77.54 | 972 | - |
23 | Elazığ | 9,383 | 559.063 | 583,671 | 11 | 20th | 149 | 552 | 62.2 | 83.84 | 1008 | - |
24 | Erzincan | 11,815 | 214,863 | 231,511 | 9 | 24 | 148 | 528 | 19.6 | 81.15 | 952 | - |
25th | Erzurum | 25.006 | 781.626 | 760.476 | 20th | 20th | 1177 | - | 30.4 | 100.00 | 1005 | 1993 |
26th | Eskişehir | 13,960 | 778.421 | 860.620 | 14th | 14th | 539 | - | 61.6 | 100.00 | 1006 | 1993 |
27 | Gaziantep | 6,803 | 1,739,569 | 2,005,515 | 9 | 9 | 785 | - | 294.8 | 100.00 | 980 | 1986 |
28 | Giresun | 7,025 | 420,433 | 437.393 | 16 | 24 | 193 | 551 | 62.3 | 71.78 | 1013 | - |
29 | Gümüşhane | 6,668 | 129,045 | 170.173 | 6th | 14th | 70 | 321 | 25.5 | 86.93 | 977 | - |
30th | Hakkari | 7,095 | 271,405 | 275,761 | 4th | 8th | 53 | 125 | 38.9 | 61.24 | 857 | - |
31 | Hatay | 5,524 | 1,472,282 | 1,575,226 | 15th | 15th | 590 | - | 285.2 | 100.00 | 993 | 2012 |
32 | Isparta | 8,946 | 412.039 | 433.830 | 13 | 22nd | 217 | 203 | 48.5 | 77.96 | 984 | - |
33 | Mersin | 16,010 | 1,660,522 | 1,793,931 | 13 | 13 | 805 | - | 112.1 | 100.00 | 1004 | 1993 |
34 | Istanbul | 2,752 | 13,565,798 | 15.029.231 | 39 | 39 | 960 | - | 5461.2 | 100.00 | 996 | 1984 |
35 | İzmir | 11,891 | 3,952,036 | 4,279,677 | 30th | 30th | 1295 | - | 359.9 | 100.00 | 1006 | 1984 |
36 | Kars | 10.193 | 306.238 | 287,654 | 8th | 9 | 56 | 380 | 28.2 | 48.45 | 924 | - |
37 | Kastamonu | 13,064 | 360.694 | 372.373 | 20th | 20th | 162 | 1065 | 28.5 | 62.79 | 1021 | - |
38 | Kayseri | 16,970 | 1,251,907 | 1,376,722 | 16 | 16 | 758 | - | 81.1 | 100.00 | 996 | 1988 |
39 | Kırklareli | 6,459 | 340.977 | 356.050 | 8th | 21st | 107 | 179 | 55.1 | 81.46 | 957 | - |
40 | Kırşehir | 6,584 | 221.935 | 234,529 | 7th | 10 | 67 | 252 | 35.6 | 81.98 | 1005 | - |
41 | Kocaeli | 3,397 | 1,595,643 | 1,883,270 | 12 | 12 | 474 | - | 554.4 | 100.00 | 976 | 1993 |
42 | Konya | 40,838 | 2,033,227 | 2,180,149 | 31 | 31 | 1196 | - | 53.4 | 100.00 | 1016 | 1986 |
43 | Kutahya | 11,634 | 564,403 | 572.256 | 12 | 2 | 223 | 548 | 49.2 | 76.98 | 1025 | - |
44 | Malatya | 12,259 | 749.225 | 786.676 | 13 | 13 | 717 | - | 64.2 | 100.00 | 1008 | 2012 |
45 | Manisa | 13,339 | 1,337,731 | 1,413,041 | 17th | 17th | 1088 | - | 105.9 | 100.00 | 989 | 2012 |
46 | Kahramanmaraş | 14,520 | 1,052,336 | 1,127,623 | 11 | 11 | 693 | - | 77.7 | 100.00 | 971 | 2012 |
47 | Mardin | 8,780 | 758.181 | 809.719 | 10 | 10 | 696 | - | 92.2 | 100.00 | 993 | 2012 |
48 | Muğla | 12,654 | 837,804 | 938.751 | 13 | 13 | 565 | - | 74.2 | 100.00 | 960 | 2012 |
49 | Must | 8,650 | 412.430 | 404,544 | 6th | 23 | 110 | 366 | 46.8 | 52.89 | 967 | - |
50 | Nevşehir | 5,485 | 284.150 | 292,365 | 8th | 23 | 125 | 153 | 53.3 | 78.03 | 1027 | - |
51 | Niğde | 7,234 | 337.456 | 352,727 | 6th | 29 | 138 | 132 | 48.8 | 77.42 | 1002 | - |
52 | Ordu | 5,861 | 712.998 | 742,341 | 19th | 19th | 741 | - | 126.7 | 100.00 | 1001 | 2013 |
53 | Rize | 3,835 | 322,367 | 331.041 | 12 | 18th | 202 | 291 | 86.3 | 72.25 | 1007 | - |
54 | Sakarya | 4,824 | 886.382 | 990.214 | 16 | 16 | 665 | - | 205.3 | 100.00 | 994 | 2000 |
55 | Samsun | 9,725 | 1,250,598 | 1,312,990 | 17th | 17th | 1245 | - | 135 | 100.00 | 1022 | 1993 |
56 | Siirt | 5,717 | 309,599 | 324.394 | 7th | 12 | 63 | 277 | 56.7 | 70.37 | 950 | - |
57 | Sinop | 5,717 | 203.288 | 207,427 | 9 | 9 | 55 | 470 | 36.3 | 57.22 | 1013 | - |
58 | Sivas | 28.164 | 627.195 | 621,301 | 17th | 24 | 246 | 1240 | 22.1 | 76.93 | 997 | - |
59 | Tekirdağ | 6,190 | 824.223 | 1.005.463 | 11 | 11 | 355 | - | 162.4 | 100.00 | 947 | 2012 |
60 | Tokat | 10,042 | 592,481 | 602.086 | 12 | 37 | 308 | 623 | 60 | 77.73 | 1010 | - |
61 | Trabzon | 4,628 | 757.857 | 786.326 | 18th | 18th | 692 | - | 169.9 | 100.00 | 1023 | 2012 |
62 | Tunceli | 7,582 | 84,896 | 82,498 | 8th | 9 | 43 | 361 | 10.9 | 68.51 | 802 | - |
63 | Şanlıurfa | 19,242 | 1,701,127 | 1,985,753 | 13 | 13 | 1380 | - | 103.2 | 100.00 | 987 | 2012 |
64 | Usak | 5,555 | 340,636 | 364.971 | 6th | 12 | 62 | 256 | 65.7 | 74.43 | 1007 | - |
65 | Van | 20,921 | 1,059,734 | 1,106,891 | 13 | 13 | 685 | - | 52.9 | 100.00 | 963 | 2012 |
66 | Yozgat | 13,690 | 465.214 | 418,650 | 14th | 33 | 219 | 572 | 30.6 | 74.58 | 1005 | - |
67 | Zonguldak | 3,342 | 614.775 | 596,892 | 8th | 25th | 176 | 380 | 178.6 | 72.48 | 1027 | - |
68 | Aksaray | 7,659 | 379.163 | 402,404 | 8th | 22nd | 153 | 177 | 52.5 | 79.51 | 1010 | - |
69 | Bayburt | 3,746 | 76,859 | 80,417 | 3 | 5 | 28 | 170 | 21.5 | 67.07 | 962 | - |
70 | Karaman | 8,678 | 234,441 | 246,672 | 6th | 11 | 130 | 159 | 28.4 | 79.50 | 999 | - |
71 | Kırıkkale | 4,791 | 276,847 | 278,749 | 9 | 11 | 85 | 185 | 58.2 | 89.96 | 997 | - |
72 | Batman | 4,477 | 520,883 | 585.252 | 6th | 11 | 126 | 284 | 130.7 | 81.41 | 992 | - |
73 | Şırnak | 7,078 | 453.828 | 503.236 | 7th | 19th | 90 | 102 | 71.1 | 73.26 | 907 | - |
74 | Bartın | 2,330 | 187.129 | 193,577 | 4th | 8th | 48 | 265 | 83.1 | 50.14 | 1022 | - |
75 | Ardahan | 4,934 | 107,776 | 97.096 | 6th | 7th | 39 | 227 | 19.7 | 41.43 | 930 | - |
76 | Iğdır | 3,664 | 187.842 | 194,775 | 4th | 7th | 36 | 161 | 53.2 | 63.93 | 943 | - |
77 | Yalova | 798 | 205,664 | 251.203 | 6th | 14th | 50 | 43 | 314.8 | 88.56 | 1001 | - |
78 | Karabuk | 4.142 | 220.401 | 244.453 | 6th | 7th | 78 | 278 | 59 | 77.16 | 987 | - |
79 | Kilis | 1,412 | 124.276 | 136.319 | 4th | 4th | 88 | 137 | 96.5 | 74.94 | 966 | - |
80 | Osmaniye | 3,320 | 483,639 | 527.724 | 7th | 17th | 132 | 160 | 159 | 81.68 | 980 | - |
81 | Düzce | 2,492 | 342.281 | 377.610 | 8th | 10 | 114 | 279 | 151.5 | 66.72 | 1000 | - |
swell
1 census 2 October 2011
2 population projection on 31 December 2017
3 sex ratio (Sex Ratio): Number of women per 1000 men (calculated)
4 area in 2014
cards
useful information
No. | Name capital |
location | useful information |
---|---|---|---|
01 |
Adana Adana |
The name is derived from Adanos, the son of Kronos from Greek mythology. 12 km east of the provincial capital is the Incirlik Air Base of NATO . | |
02 |
Adıyaman Adıyaman |
Adıyaman's (Kurdish: Semsur) population consists largely of Kurds , the province is very mountainous, which is particularly characterized by Mount Nemrut . The Ataturk Reservoir , Turkey's most water-rich reservoir , also begins in Kahta . | |
03 |
Afyonkarahisar Afyon |
The province of Afyonkarahisar is located in western Asia Minor and is mostly in the Aegean region. The province has a total area of 14,719 km². | |
04 |
Ağrı Ağrı |
The provincial capital was called Şarbulak at the time of the Ottomans , which means "flowing spring". In 1927 the name was changed to Karaköse , which goes back either to the Ottoman conqueror 1507 ( Karagöz Bey ), or to Kara Kilise , "black church". Since 1938 the city and the province have been named after Mount Ararat ( Ağrı Dağı ). | |
05 |
Amasya Amasya |
The history of the provincial capital goes back to the Hittite times, but it acquired its most important meaning in Hellenism : from approx. 300 BC. BC to 183 BC Amaseia was the capital of the kingdom of Pontus . The Greek historian and geographer Strabon described his hometown in his work Geographika . | |
06 |
Ankara Ankara |
Ankara (formerly Angora, ancient name Ancyra) has been the capital of Turkey since 1923. After the fall of the Ottoman Empire, Ankara was determined by law under Kemal Ataturk to be the capital of the newly founded Turkish Republic because of its location in Central Anatolia and in contrast to the Ottoman capital İstanbul. | |
07 |
Antalya Antalya |
Antalya is the capital of the fertile coastal plain, which has been known as Pamphylia since ancient times. The area around Antalya is also known as the “ Turkish Riviera ” because of its long sandy beaches . Antalya was probably 158 BC. Founded by King Attalus II of Pergamon. After him she was named Attaleia. | |
08 |
Artvin Artvin |
Geographically, Artvin belongs to both the Black Sea region and Eastern Anatolia. The population consists of Turks, Lasen and Georgians. | |
09 |
Aydın Aydın |
The name of the province comes from the Turkmen dynasty of the Aydın-Oğulları , who founded an empire with the centers in Ephesus ( Ayasoluğ ) and Birgi ( Pyrgion ) at the beginning of the 14th century . The city of Aydın dominates the wide valley of the Great Meander . The meander (from the Greek Μαίανδρος ), today the Great Meander (Turkish Büyük Menderes ) has become proverbial because of its many turns (meander). | |
10 |
Balıkesir Balıkesir |
Balıkesir borders the Aegean Sea to the west and the Marmara Sea to the north. The name is derived from the word Bal-ı-Kesr , Persian for “a lot of honey”. The area is known for growing vegetables and fruits. In the vicinity is Mount Ida , from which Zeus is said to have observed the Battle of Troy. | |
11 |
Bilecik Bilecik |
The settlement history of the city of Bilecik (Greek: Belikoma) goes back to the 2nd millennium BC. BC back. The Ottoman Empire was founded in the province of Bilecik in 1281. Today it is known for the silk and ceramic industries. | |
12 |
Bing oil Bing oil |
Bingöl is surrounded by mountains with glaciers. Bingol came under the rule of various empires one after another. During the First World War it was occupied by Russian troops. In the early years of the Turkish Republic, Bingöl was part of the Kurdish uprisings. | |
13 |
Bitlis Bitlis |
Bitlis consists of 70% mountains, which are usually higher than 2,000 m. The highest mountains are the Süphan Dağı (4,058 m), the Nemrut volcano (3,050 m) and the Ziyaret Dağı (2,540 m). The Vansee is partly in Bitlis. | |
14th |
Bolu Bolu |
Bolu is known for its cooks, who were already in great demand for the Ottoman Seraglio and who are still brought to tourist hotels for a lot of money as chefs. In Mengen is the most famous cooking school in Turkey. | |
15th |
Burdur Burdur |
The province has 256,803 inhabitants on an area of 7,238 km². The population density is 35.5 inhabitants / km². | |
16 |
Bursa Bursa |
The green landscape (green "Yeşil Bursa") contains some medicinal sulfur springs. The Uludağ Mountains stretch through the middle . In ancient times the region was called Bithynia. This kingdom was probably founded by King Prusias I. With the expansion of the Roman Empire, King Nicomedes IV began to hand over the area piece by piece to the Romans. | |
17th |
Çanakkale Çanakkale |
The province extends over the European Thrace to the Asian Minor Asia, which are separated from each other by the Dardanelles (Çanakkale Boğazı). In the province lie the ruins of the ancient cities of Assos and Troy . The city was founded in Ottoman times as a successor to ancient Abydos. | |
18th |
Çankırı Çankırı |
Çankırı was the place where the first prominent Armenians were arrested on April 24, 1915 . Most of the 235 detainees were killed. The priest and ethnomusicologist Komitas Vardapet was one of a group of five who were saved, as was Bishop Krikor Balakian . Balakian reported in detail on the events that marked the beginning of the genocide against the Armenians . | |
19th |
Çorum Çorum |
From the break of diplomatic relations between Turkey and the German Reich in August 1944 until 1946, Çorum was one of the three Anatolian cities that were assigned as compulsory residence to German citizens who did not want to or could not return to Germany. | |
20th |
Denizli Denizli |
Denizli (from Turkish deniz, "sea") is a province in western Asia Minor. The province is dominated by the valley of the Great Meander (Büyük Menderes), which at Denizli has a distinctive valley fork with three tributaries. | |
21st |
Diyarbakır Diyarbakır |
Diyarbakır (Kurdish Amed) is geographically located in northern Mesopotamia and has a long history. The majority are the Kurds. Of the tens of thousands of Christian Armenians and Arameans , only a few hundred now live in the province. | |
22nd |
Edirne Edirne |
Edirne (Adrianople, Greek Αδριανούπολις / Adrianoupolis, in ancient times Orestia, Roman Hadrianopulis) is the capital of the province of the same name in the European part of Turkey. The sultans of the Ottoman Empire in Edirne / Adrianople made peace with the Holy Roman Empire (1568) and with Russia (1713, 1829) a total of three times. | |
23 |
Elazığ Elazığ |
Elazığ (Kurdish Eleziz). The population consists of Zazas, Kurds and Turks. In the 1970s there were clashes between Sunnis and Alevis during Ramadan because the Alevis did not fast. More than 1,000 people were killed in these clashes. Elazığ is located at an altitude of 1060 m and has an area of 9281 km². Of these, 826 km² are water areas, as there are many reservoirs in Elazığ. | |
24 |
Erzincan Erzincan |
Erzincan lies at an altitude of 1,185 m in a prone earthquake zone. In 1939 there was a major earthquake , which completely destroyed the city of Erzincan. The last major quake occurred in 1992 with a magnitude of 6.8 and around 650 deaths. | |
25th |
Erzurum Erzurum |
The plateaus of the province are on average 2,000 m high, while the mountains are around 3,000 m high. The Mescit Mountains are 3,239 m high at their highest point. A mountain that is known as a resort and ski area is the Palandöken Dağı at 3,124 m . | |
26th |
Eskişehir Eskişehir |
Eskişehir (Turkish for "old city", Dorylaion in ancient times) is one of the largest cities in Anatolia. The area is mainly known for the mining of sepiolite (Lületaş). | |
27 |
Gaziantep Gaziantep |
Gaziantep (Kurdish Dilok) is a province in the southeast. The old name Antep is still popularly used. The province has always been an important trading center and is now one of the most important industrial areas in Turkey. The provincial capital Gaziantep is considered to be the leading "Anatolian tiger city". | |
28 |
Giresun Giresun |
The name of the city possibly comes from the Greek Kerasus (German "cherry", Turkish Kiraz ). Lucius Licinius Lucullus brought about 70 BC The first cherries from Giresun to Europe. In Giresun is one of the largest hazelnut factories of Turkey , called Fiskobirlik . | |
29 |
Gümüşhane Gümüşhane |
Gümüşhane is a province in northeastern Anatolia. Gümüşhane is one of the smallest and economically weakest regions. Like the other cities in the Black Sea region, Gümüşhane has a large community in Istanbul and Europe, especially in Germany. | |
30th |
Hakkari Hakkari |
Hakkari (Kurdish Colemerg) is located in the mountainous southeasternmost point of Turkey and borders with Iran and Iraq. There are at least 30 mountains that are over 3,000 m high. The name Hakkari appears for the first time in the 10th century by the Arab historian and geographer İn Havsal, who said that the name derives from Her-kariyan. Her-kariyan should mean "strong" and "combative". | |
31 |
Hatay Antakya |
The area of Hatay, called Sanjak Alexandrette in the west until the end of the 1930s , today forms the southernmost part of Turkey and lies in the north-western border area with Syria. The capital Antakya is the former Antioch . | |
32 |
Isparta Isparta |
Isparta is known for its roses, carpets and its "Suleyman Demirel University", which is attended by students from all over Turkey. | |
33 |
Mersin Mersin |
Mersin (formerly: İçel) is associated with the name of St. Paul from Tarsus and with the fact that Marcus Antonius made the areas between Alanya and Mersin Cleopatra a wedding gift. | |
34 |
İstanbul İstanbul |
In 2005, around 11.5 million people lived in the metropolitan area of Istanbul, the area of which is identical to that of the Istanbul Province. About 70% of the population of Istanbul have recently moved from Anatolia. | |
35 |
İzmir İzmir |
The provincial capital İzmir is also known as the “Pearl of the Aegean”. The city used to be known under the Greek name Smyrna (neugr. Σμύρνη or Smirni ) and has the second largest port in the country after Istanbul. | |
36 |
Kars Kars |
Kars belonged to the Armenian kingdom for several decades. When the tsarist troops withdrew because of the October Revolution, the Russian Kars district had declared itself independent. It was called the Government of the Republic of Southwest Caucasus. This state survived only 9 months and was only recognized by the Japanese Empire. | |
37 |
Kastamonu Kastamonu |
Kastamonu (Castamuni, Byzantine Kastumbul) is a city in the province of the same name. The city is located south of the Gökırmak. The area is known for its folklore, tobacco and wooden furniture. | |
38 |
Kayseri Kayseri |
The capital Kayseri (formerly Mazaka and then Caesarea) is 1,054 m above sea level at the foot of the extinct volcano Erciyes, which was responsible for the tufa layers in Cappadocia with its eruptions. | |
39 |
Kırklareli Kırklareli |
Kırklareli is a province in the European part and belongs to Thrace. The Archaeological Institute of the University of İstanbul has been excavating two prehistoric settlements together with the German Archaeological Institute since 1993. | |
40 |
Kırşehir Kırşehir |
After the city was rebuilt by the Eastern Roman Emperor Justinian I, it was called "Justinianopolis". In 1071 the rule of the Turkish tribes began in Kırşehir. Because of its location in the barren steppe, it was given the name "Kır şehri" ("steppe town"). From the break of diplomatic relations between Turkey and the German Reich in August 1944 until 1946, Kırşehir was one of the three Anatolian cities that were assigned as compulsory residence to German citizens who did not want to or could not return to Germany. | |
41 |
Kocaeli İzmit |
The provincial capital İzmit is highly industrialized and has the highest gross national product per capita in Turkey. İzmit (the ancient Nicomedia) was founded by the Bithynian king Nicomedes I in 264 BC. Founded as the capital. 74 BC After the death of King Nicomedes IV it came to the Roman Empire in a will. 183 BC Hannibal committed suicide near Nicomedia. Constantine the Great died in a suburb of Nicomedia in 337. Saint Barbara lived in Nicomedia in the 3rd century. | |
42 |
Konya Konya |
The province of Konya (Greek Iconium) is the largest province in Turkey in terms of area. To the southeast of Konya is Çatalhöyük , one of the oldest human settlements. | |
43 |
Kutahya Kutahya |
Kütahya is known for its colorfully decorated ceramics. Kütahya is the seat of the Dumlupınar University, founded in 1992. | |
44 |
Malatya Malatya |
The very early settlement of Malatya can be seen in the late Neolithic city of Arslantepe. Arslantepe is the Melid of the Hittites. The name Malatya itself comes from the Hittite melid for honey. | |
45 |
Manisa Manisa |
The city is a center for the raisin trade and dates back to ancient Lydian magnesia on Sipylos . | |
46 |
Kahramanmaraş Kahramanmaraş |
Kahramanmaraş (Kurdish Gurgum or Mereş) was called Maraş until the end of the Turkish War of Independence. In recognition of her resistance, however, she was given the nickname Kahraman ("hero") and was called from there to Kahramanmaraş ("hero city of Maraş"). | |
47 |
Mardin Mardin |
The name Mardin comes from the Syrian Merde and means "castle". The area has always been the link between the Mesopotamian and Anatolian cultures. | |
48 |
Muğla Muğla |
The Muğla Province is located in the extreme southwest of Asia Minor. It represents the heart of ancient Caria .
It forms a strip of about 50 × 250 km along the coast off Rhodes. The carpet manufacturers, numerous ancient sites and museums are important. |
|
49 |
Muş Muş |
The population consists mainly of Sunni Kurds. Until the expulsions in 1915, the city was an Armenian bishopric. The city is located on the upper reaches of the eastern Euphrates, which is called Murat here. The valley of the water-rich river is still over 1,000 meters high here. | |
50 |
Nevşehir Nevşehir |
The name Nevşehir is derived from the Persian Nau (Nev) for new and Schahr (Şehir) for city and thus means new town. The province covers the main part of the Cappadocia region . Göreme is the center of the Göreme National Park, which, along with other rock monuments of Cappadocia, has been a UNESCO World Cultural and Natural Heritage Site since 1985 . | |
51 |
Niğde Niğde |
The population density is 47.6 inhabitants / km². | |
52 |
Ordu Ordu |
"Ordu" means "army".
According to legend, the Argonauts landed here to look for the Golden Fleece . Ordu was a small port until 1800, which was mainly inhabited by Pontic Greeks until the Greek persecution in the Ottoman Empire in 1914–1923 . Today the population consists of ethnic Turks, Caucasians (commonly referred to as Georgians by the Turks), some Muslim Armenians and a small community of descendants of the Greeks who refused to leave the region. |
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53 |
Rize Rize |
The name could be derived from the Greek ριζά - rizá = "under the mountain". Today the area around the provincial capital is the center of Turkish tea and kiwi cultivation . Over 60% of the not inconsiderable total Turkish tea harvest (6% of world tea production) is achieved in this area. | |
54 |
Sakarya Adapazari |
The province takes its name from the Sakarya River. The provincial capital Adapazarı benefits from the proximity to the industrial cities Istanbul, Bursa or Izmit as well as from the fertile soils in the area and is famous in Turkey for its large potatoes. | |
55 |
Samsun Samsun |
Samsun is the largest Turkish city on the Black Sea. With Ataturk, the city gained importance when he called on May 19, 1919 from Samsun for the liberation struggle against the occupation and division of the country after the First World War. | |
56 |
Siirt Siirt |
Siirt is between 600 and 1,600 m high. Siirt's history goes back a long way. Siirt belonged to the Assyrians, the Babylonians and then the Medes and the Persians. The Romans, the Parthians and the Sassanids also ruled here. | |
57 |
Sinop Sinop |
The seaside resort of Sinop (Greek Σινώπη / Sinṓpē ) has around 25,000 inhabitants, but up to 50,000 in the summer months. Sinop was the first Black Sea colony in the city of Miletus. The philosopher Diogenes von Sinope ( Diogenes in the bin ) was born in Sinop . | |
58 |
Sivas Sivas |
Sivas is the second largest province after Konya. The Sivas arson attack took place there in 1993 . At an Alevi cultural festival, the writer Aziz Nesin publicly stated that he considered a large part of the Turkish population to be “cowardly and stupid” because they did not have the courage to stand up for democracy. A crowd then gathered in front of his hotel. Incendiary devices were thrown at the hotel from the crowd. Since the hotel was made of wood, the fire spread quickly. 37 people burned to death. | |
59 |
Tekirdağ Tekirdağ |
Tekirdağ (Bulgarian Родосто / Rodosto , Greek Ραιδεστός ) was mentioned by Herodotus. Today, Tekirdağ is mainly known for its Köfte restaurants and aniseed schnapps production (rakı). When the Turks conquered the city, they first called it Rodosçuk and from the 18th century Tekfur Dağı. The Tekfur comes from the Armenian word tagovar , which means "those who carry the cross". The Turks used this to describe the Christian rulers. Tekfur then became Tekir. | |
60 |
Tokat Tokat |
Tokat, the ancient Eudoxia, did not play a major role in antiquity, only its fortress was important. From the 11th to 13th centuries, Tokat reached its greatest period as a trading city. The gradual political and economic decline began in the 19th century in favor of the neighboring town of Sivas. Until the 20th century, many residents emigrated to America or Europe. | |
61 |
Trabzon Trabzon |
Trabzon (formerly Trapezunt), Greek Τραπεζούντα , is a transshipment point for the export of food. The Empire of Trebizond (Trabzon Rum İmparatorluğu) was one of the successor states of the Byzantine Empire and existed from 1204 to 1461. It was founded in 1204 by the ruling dynasty of the Comnenes, who had fled the capital before the conquest of Constantinople by the knights of the Fourth Crusade. | |
62 |
Tunceli Tunceli |
Tunceli (Dersim) is the smallest province in Turkey in terms of population. Mainly Zaza live here. In this phase the population was strongly influenced by the religion of Zoroaster. Large parts of the population have kept the traditions alive to this day. | |
63 |
Şanlıurfa Şanlıurfa |
Şanlıurfa (Kurdish Riha) borders Syria in the south. A great number of Yazidis once lived in the province.
In 1983 the province, which until then was only called Urfa, was given the title şanlı ( Eng . " Glorious "). It is intended to commemorate the resistance against the French occupation in the Turkish war of liberation. Şanlıurfa is also known by the ancient name of Edessa. As the founder of the city, Ephraim the Syrian names the Assyrian king Nimrod . Jacob of Edessa then equated Nimrod with Ninos , the son of Belos , who is mentioned by Diodorus as the founder of Nineveh . |
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64 |
Usak Usak |
The strawberry festival is held annually in the region. Uşak owns Turkey's first sugar factory, and the leather goods and ceramics industries are one of the most important in Turkey. The most famous relics are the treasures of Croesus, who is literally the richest man in the world and who is said to have invented money. These treasures are exhibited in the Uşaks Archaeological Museum. | |
65 |
Van Van |
(Kurdish Wan ) is on the east bank of Lake Van .
In earlier times the provincial capital Van was named Tušpa and was in the 9th century BC. The capital of the Urartian kingdom . The population at that time called themselves Nairi . Van is also known for its cats. The half-haired Van cat often has two different colored eyes and is in demand all over the world. |
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66 |
Yozgat Yozgat |
In Yozgat there is Yimpaş, which was one of the leading department store companies in Turkey until the late 1990s and also opened branches in Germany. Yozgat became famous through the so-called Yozgat method. It was the first trial of the court martial after the Armenian genocide , which took place in 18 sessions in early 1919. From the break of diplomatic relations between Turkey and the German Reich in August 1944 until 1946, Yozgat was one of the three Anatolian cities that were assigned as compulsory residence to German citizens who did not want to or could not return to Germany. | |
67 |
Zonguldak Zonguldak |
Zonguldak is the black coal center of Turkey. But the strawberries from this area are also famous. To the east of Ereğli is the Cehennemağzı Cave ("Hell's Throat Cave"), where mythology, according to the demigod Hercules, killed the three-headed hellhound Kerberos. Around 30% of the original inhabitants live abroad. Most of them in the Ruhr area. | |
68 |
Aksaray Aksaray |
Young Christianity spread very quickly and early in the 2nd and 3rd centuries in Cappadocia, which also includes the Aksaray area. Attacks and evictions were the reason why many underground cities and churches were built. 3,000 churches in the region that have been discovered to date still bear witness to this history. The area of Cappadocia was also declared a World Heritage Site and World Natural Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985. | |
69 |
Bayburt Bayburt |
Bayburt already played an important role in the earliest times due to its location on the Silk Road between Europe and Asia. The most famous guest of the city of Bayburt was Marco Polo, who stayed in Bayburt on his trip to China. The province suffers severely from the high level of emigration and has one of the highest emigration rates in Turkey. | |
70 |
Karaman Karaman |
Karaman is a city in Asia Minor. The Karamanlı (Turkish Karamanlılar ) are a Christian Orthodox ethnic group. They spoke a Turkish with Greek loanwords and a great many Old Turkish words. During the population exchange between Greece and Turkey , around 60,000 Karamanlı had to relocate to Greece. For example, the ancestors of Konstantinos Karamanlis also lived in Karaman. | |
71 |
Kırıkkale Kırıkkale |
Kırıkkale is located in northern central Anatolia, about 80 km east of Ankara. The city, which is located on important road and rail connections, experienced dynamic development in the 20th century towards becoming an important industrial center (including armaments, chemistry and wood processing). Kırıkkale has also been a university town since 1992. | |
72 |
Batman batman |
Batman (Kurdish Elih) is named after the Batman River. The growth rate in this region is very high. The local population consists entirely of Kurds. Batman is also the home of many Yazidis living in Germany. Only a few hundred mostly older Yazidis still live in Batman. | |
73 |
Şırnak Şırnak |
Şırnak is a province on the border with Iraq and Syria. It is the warmest province; peak values of 50 ° C were measured here. The name Şırnak is said to be derived from the word Şehr-i Nuh, which means “Noach's city”. This then became Şerneh and then Şırnak. Because the Cudi mountain is considered to be the landing place of Noah's Ark. | |
74 |
Bartın Bartın |
Bartın is a province on the Black Sea. It was only granted provincial status in 1991, before that it was a district of Zonguldak Province. | |
75 |
Ardahan Ardahan |
Ardahan is a province on the border with Georgia and is the first destination for Georgian and Armenian guest workers. After the First World War, this area was briefly part of the USSR together with Kars. However, with the peace treaty of Brest-Litovsk, the Soviet Union surrendered this area to Turkey. Ardahan was united with Kars into one province, but restored as a separate province in 1992. | |
76 |
Iğdır Iğdır |
Iğdır borders on Armenia, the Azerbaijani exclave Naxçıvan and Iran, making it the only province that borders on three states. The name Iğdır comes from the Iğdıroğlu tribe and means good, great, sublime, brave. Because of the vegetation, Iğdır is also called Yeşil Iğdır (Green Iğdır). Mount Ararat is largely within the boundaries of Iğdır. However, the peaks are in the Ağrı Province. | |
77 |
Yalova Yalova |
Yalova (Pylai in ancient times) is located on the southeastern part of the Marmara Sea, only 24 nautical miles from Istanbul.
Yalova is a popular resort with a high level of local tourism. Many visitors come from Istanbul but also from Arab countries. Mostly from Kuwait, the United Arab Emirates or Saudi Arabia. The thermal baths were probably already used in Hellenistic times. Because of their healing properties, they were visited by Constantine the Great or Kemal Ataturk. |
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78 |
Karabük Karabük |
Karabük is characterized by the large steel mill. Traditionally there were many small steelmakers and blacksmiths in the region, of which only a few workshops designed for tourism in Safranbolu are left today. A large part of the population emigrated. | |
79 |
Kilis Kilis |
Kilis lies on the border with Syria and belongs to the Turkish part of the Kurd Dagh. Kurd Dagh ("Mountain of the Kurds"). The Kurd Dagh is one of the three "ethnic" mountains of Syria. The names of the other two are Jabal an-Nusayriyah ("Mountain of the Nusairians") and Jabal ad-Duruz ("Mountain of the Druze"). | |
80 |
Osmaniye Osmaniye |
Osmaniye has 458,782 inhabitants on an area of 3,189 km². | |
81 |
Düzce Düzce |
Düzce is the westernmost Black Sea province. The hazelnuts for Nutella come from the coastal town of Akcakoca (“Bodrum of the North”) - the Levantine variety is the world standard for hazelnuts. After the 1999 earthquake, Düzce gained provincial status; before that it was part of Bolu Province. |
Web links
See also
Individual evidence
- ↑ Press Release from January 31, 2013
- ↑ nufusu.com
- ↑ Directorate General of Mapping PDF file 0.25 MB