Avocado and Arapahoe High School (Colorado): Difference between pages

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{{articleissues|copyedit=September 2008|original research=September 2008|primarysources=September 2008|self-published=September 2008}}
{{taxobox
{{Infobox School
|name = Avacodo
|name = Arapahoe High School
|image = Avocado fruitnfoliage.jpg
|image = Ahs logo.png
|image_caption = Avocado fruit and foliage, [[Huntington Library]], California
|imagesize = 200
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
|caption = Arapahoe Warrior
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperm]]s
|streetaddress = 2201 East Dry Creek Road
|unranked_classis = [[Magnoliid]]s
|city = [[Centennial, Colorado|Centennial]]
|ordo = [[Laurales]]
|familia = [[Lauraceae]]
|state = [[Colorado]]
|country = USA
|genus = ''[[Persea]]''
|zipcode = 80122-3100
|species = '''''P. americana'''''
|motto =
|binomial = ''Persea americana''
|established = 1964
|binomial_authority = [[Philip Miller|Mill.]]
|type = [[Public school|Free public]]
|}}
|affiliation =
The '''avocado''' (''Persea americana''), also known as '''''palta''''' or '''''aguacate''''' ([[Spanish language|Spanish]]), '''butter pear''' or '''alligator pear''', is a [[tree]] native to [[Perú]], [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]], classified in the [[flowering plant]] family [[Lauraceae]]. The name "avocado" also refers to the fruit (technically a large [[berry]]) of the tree that contains an egg-shaped pit (hard seed casing).
|district = [[Littleton Public Schools]] (LPS)
|grades = 9-12
|principal = Ronald Booth
|viceprincipal = Mary Gottlieb, Darrell Meredith, Natalie Pramenko, Steven Sisler, Mike Campbell
|dean = none
|faculty = 129
|students = 2,110
|grade9 = 525
|grade10 = 554
|grade11 = 509
|grade12 = 522
|ceeb = 060928
|ACT = 23.2
|SAT = 1708
|athletics = [[Baseball]], [[basketball]], [[cheerleading]], [[cross country]], [[competitive dance|dance]], [[American football|football]], [[golf]], [[lacrosse]], [[marching band]], [[soccer]], [[softball]], [[swimming#Competitive Swimming|swimming]], [[tennis]], [[Athletics (track and field)|track]], [[volleyball]], [[wrestling]]
|rivals = [[Heritage High School (Littleton, Colorado)|Heritage High School]], [[Littleton High School]], [[Cherry Creek High School]]
|conference = Continental and Centennial
|colors = [[Black]] and [[Old Gold (color)|Old Gold]] {{color box|black}}{{color box|gold}}
|mascot = Warrior
|yearbook = Calumet
|newspaper = Arapahoe Herald
View Online: http://my.hsj.org/co/centennial/ahs/
|campus type = [[Suburb]]an
|campus size = {{convert|254756|sqft|2|sp=us}}
|coordinates = {{coord|39.58186|-104.96128|display=inline,title}}
|homepage = http://www.arapahoe.littletonpublicschools.com
}}


'''Arapahoe High School''' is a public high school in [[Centennial, Colorado|Centennial]], [[Colorado]], [[United States]]. Located in the suburbs of [[Denver, Colorado|Denver]], it is the largest of three high schools in Littleton Public Schools District with an enrollment of 2,229 students. The {{convert|254756|sqft|m2|sing=on}} high school has three gyms, a library, kitchen, a 647-seat theater, 70 classrooms, a pool, tennis courts, baseball, football, and soccer fields, and a track.
Avocados are a commercially valuable crop whose trees and fruit are cultivated in tropical climates throughout the world (and some temperate ones, such as [[Southern California]]), producing a green-skinned, pear-shaped fruit that ripens after harvesting. Trees are partially [[Self-pollination|self-pollinating]] and often are [[Plant propagation|propagated]] through [[grafting]] to maintain a predictable quality and quantity of the fruit.


Arapahoe's mascot is a [[warrior]], and the school colors are black and gold. The school is known for its affiliation with the [[Arapaho|Arapaho tribe]] of [[Wind River Indian Reservation|Wind River]], [[Wyoming]]. Members of the tribe visit the school every other year.{{Fact|date=September 2008}} Arapahoe consistently places "Excellent" on Colorado's statewide school accountability report, the only Littleton Public Schools high school to do so.<ref>[http://arapahoe.littletonpublicschools.net/Portals/7/Administration/ahs0607sar.pdf Office school website]</ref>


==History==
==History==
Arapahoe High School was built in 1964. Several additions have been made since that time:
[[Image:Avacado444.jpg|thumb]]
* 1965: A gymnasium, built by Morse, Dion & Champion, architects and Hollister, general contractor
''P. americana'' has a long history of being cultivated in Central and South America; a water jar shaped like an avocado, dating to A.D. 900, was discovered in the pre-[[Inca]]n city of [[Chan Chan]]<ref name = turtle>{{cite web | url = http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues01/Co04072001/CO_04072001_Recipes.htm | title = Avocado: The Early Roots of Avocado History | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | date = 2001-04-07 | last = Barry | first = PC | publisher = Canku Ota }}</ref> though there is evidence of cultivation in Mexico for as long as 10,000 years.<ref name="IF">{{Cite web
* 1967: An addition of a pool, classrooms and theater, built by Morse, Dion & Champion, architects and Webco, general contractor.
|url=http://www.indexfresh.com/avocado_history.htm
* 1979: An addition of locker rooms, wrestling facilities and a gymnastics gym, built by Allred/Fisher, architects and Frank Hall & Co., construction management.
|title=Avocado History
* 1987: An addition of administration and counseling space, by Culbertson & Associates, who served as designer and general contractor.
|author=<!--Staff writer; no by-line.-->=
* 1997: The school's aging interior library was replaced with classrooms, and a new library and media center were constructed on the north side of the building. Accessibility was improved with the construction of an elevator adjacent to second-floor classrooms and a student-designed east entrance with wheelchair ramps and automated doors, nicknamed "The Bubble."
|work=IndexFresh.com
* 2005: The school underwent significant remodeling. A new gymnasium was added, several classrooms were redesigned and walls were rebuilt to meet [[fire code]] standards.
|location=[[Bloomington, CA]]
|publisher=Index Fresh Avocado
|date=2007
|accessdate=2007-12-29
}}{{Rs|{{subst:DATE}}}}</ref> The earliest known written account of the avocado in Europe is that of [[Martín Fernández de Enciso]] (c. 1470–c. 1528) in 1518 or 1519 in his book, ''Suma de Geografía que Trata de Todas las Partidas y Provincias del Mundo''.<ref name = IF/><ref name="WCA">{{Cite web
|url=http://whatscookingamerica.net/avacado.htm <!--Sic!-->
|title=All About Avocados: History of the Hass Avocado
|last=Stradley
|first=Linda
|work=What'sCookingAmerica.net
|publisher=self-published
|location=[[Newberg, OR]]
|year=2004
|accessdate=2008-05-13
}} While this is a self-published work, it cites its sources, and Stradley is a well-known culinary author. The site is a continuation of her book of the same name.</ref> The first written record in [[English language|English]] of the use of the word 'avocado' was by [[Hans Sloane]] in a 1696 index of [[Jamaica]]n plants. The plant was introduced to [[Indonesia]] by 1750, [[Brazil]] in 1809, the [[Levant]] in 1908, and [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] in the late 19th century.


==School environment==
===Etymology===
Arapahoe uses the variable scheduling system, which allows students to build their own schedules off of a master course list, and is designed to prepare the student for the scheduling that is found in most colleges and universities. There are 6 class periods per day, most of which last 59 minutes (3rd hour is 61 minutes to allow time for daily announcements). Between each period there is a 5 minute passing period. Lunch is staggered either before or after 4th hour, and referred to as "first lunch" and "second lunch", each lasting 35 minutes. Which lunch a student is assigned to is determined by the course scheduled during 4th hour. Students are allotted unscheduled hours during the day, and as the campus is open, students are free to do as they wish during this time. More than 98 percent of Arapahoe graduates continue their education. Students took the following [[Advanced Placement Program|Advanced Placement]] exams in 2006: English Language and Composition, English Literature and Composition, French Language, Spanish Language, Human Geography, European History, U.S. Government and Politics, U.S. History, Physics B, Physics C, Computer Science AB, Biology, Chemistry, Statistics, Calculus AB, and Calculus BC. [http://www.greatschools.net/cgi-bin/co/other/1102#ap] Additionally, AP Music Theory is offered in alternating years. [http://arapahoe.littletonpublicschools.net/]
The word "avocado" comes from the [[Nahuatl language|Nahuatl]] word ''āhuacatl'' ("[[testicle]]", a reference to the shape of the fruit).<ref>[http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?search=avocado Online Etymology Dictionary - Avocado]</ref> Historically avocados had a long-standing stigma as a sexual stimulant and were not purchased or consumed by any person wishing to preserve a chaste image. Avocados were known by the Aztecs as "the fertility fruit".<ref name = WCA/> In some countries of South America such as [[Argentina]], [[Bolivia]], [[Chile]], [[Peru]], and [[Uruguay]], the avocado is known by its [[Quechua]] name, ''palta''. In other Spanish-speaking countries it is called ''aguacate'', and in Portuguese it is ''abacate''. The fruit is sometimes called a ''butter pear'', ''avocado pear'' and ''alligator pear'' (pear due to its shape, and alligator due to the rough green skin of some [[cultivar]]s). The Nahuatl ''āhuacatl'' can be compounded with other words, as in ''āhuacamolli'', meaning "avocado soup or sauce", from which the [[Mexican Spanish]] word ''[[guacamole]]'' derives.


Additionally, the school has a unique relationship with the
==Cultivation==
Arapaho Tribal Nation. After complaints about the pejorative depiction of [[Native Americans in the United States|Native Americans]], the school sought a relationship with the tribe.{{Fact|date=December 2007}} Since then, the Northern Arapaho tribe has endorsed the name of the high school and its use of the current warrior mascot, provided by the tribe. Additionally, the large gym was refinished and named the Sitting Eagle Gymnasium (this is now the second gym). According to the original agreement made by the school, the mascot is not to be put on the floor (where one could walk on it) or on any article of clothing{{Fact|date=December 2007}}, but whether through subsequent agreement or disregard on the part of the school the mascot can be found on a wide variety of clothing. Additionally, tribal members visit the school for important events, speaking every year at graduation, and every two years a larger group will visit the school to perform various traditional dances and speak about Native American culture.
[[Image:Avocado Seedling.jpg|thumb|rigjt|150px|''Persea americana'', young avocado plant (seedling), complete with seed and roots]]
[[Image:2005avocado.PNG|thumb|Worldwide avocado output in 2005]]
{| style="width: 14em; font-size: 85%; text-align: left;" class="infobox"
|-
!align="center" bgcolor="lightblue" colspan="3"|Food and agriculture
|-
{{#if:Avocado.jpeg|<tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:center;">[[Image:Avocado.jpeg|100px]]
{{#if:Avocado fruit (cv. 'Fuerte'); left: whole, right: in section|</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="text-align:center">''Avocado fruit (cv. 'Fuerte'); left: whole, right: in section''|}}
</td></tr>}}
|-
! style="background:#e9e9e9;" | '''Country'''
! style="background:#e9e9e9;" | '''Quantity ([[Metric ton|Tm]])'''
! style="background:#e9e9e9;" | World Rank<sup>1</sup>
|-
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |Mexico
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right| 1,040,390
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right| 1
|-
|Indonesia
|align=right|263,575
|align=right|2
|-
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |United States of America
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|214,000
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|3
|-
|Colombia
|align=right|185,811
|align=right|4
|-
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |Brazil
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|185,811
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|5
|-
|Chile
|align=right|163,000
|align=right|6
|-
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |Dominican Republic
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|140,000
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|7
|-
|-
|Peru
|align=right|102,000
|align=right|8
|-
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" |China
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|85,000
| style="background:#f0f0f0;" align=right|9
|-
|-
|Ethiopia
|align=right|81,500
|align=right|10
|-
|-
|colspan=3 style="background:#e9e9e9;" align=center|<small><sup>1</sup>Source: [[FAO]] (2004) [http://www.fao.org/es/ess/top/commodity.html;jsessionid=1FD7B1AF15B3ADE8D52C26E94FF4B1EE?item=572&lang=en&year=2005 Major Producers of Avocado]</small>
|-
|}
</div>
The tree grows to 20 [[metre]]s (65 [[foot (unit of length)|ft]]), with alternately arranged [[leaf|leaves]] 12&ndash;25 centimetres long. The [[flower]]s are inconspicuous, greenish-yellow, 5&ndash;10 millimetres wide. The [[pear]]-shaped fruit is 7&ndash;20 centimetres long, weighs between 100 and 1000 grams, and has a large central [[seed]], 5&ndash;6.4 centimeters long.<ref name="isbn0-9610184-1-0">{{cite book |author=Dowling, Curtis F.; Morton, Julia Frances |title=Fruits of warm climates |publisher=J.F. Morton |location=Miami, Fla |year=1987 |pages= |isbn=0-9610184-1-0 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref> It is considered by many to be a [[drupe]], but is botanically classified as a [[berry]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://ucavo.ucr.edu/AvocadoWebSite+folder/AvocadoWebSite/General/FruitBerry.html | title = What Kind of Fruit is the Avocado? | last = Storey | first = WB | accessdate = 2008-05-13 | publisher = [[University of California]] }}{{waybackdate | site = http://ucavo.ucr.edu/AvocadoWebSite+folder/AvocadoWebSite/General/FruitBerry.html | date = 20070611191722}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://waynesword.palomar.edu/ecoph17.htm#avocado | title = Fruits Of The Rose, Olive, Avocado & Mahagany Families - Laurel Family: Lauraceae | accessdate = 2008-05-13 | last = Armstrong | first = WP}}</ref>


Students at the school generally perform above average on standardized tests, including the [[ACT (examination)|ACT]] and the [[SAT]]. All teachers at Arapahoe have subject expertise and hold degrees in the subjects in which they teach.[http://arapahoe.littletonpublicschools.net/forParents/SchoolProfile/tabid/1478/Default.aspx]
The [[subtropical]] species needs a climate without frost and with little wind. High winds reduce the humidity, dehydrate the flowers, and affect pollination. In particular, the West Indian type requires humidity and a tropical climate which is important in flowering. When even a mild frost occurs, some fruit may drop from the tree, reducing the yield, although the [[Hass avocado|Hass]] [[cultivar]] can tolerate temperatures down to &minus;1°[[Celsius|C]]. The trees also need well aerated soils, ideally more than 1 m deep. Yield is reduced when the irrigation water is highly [[Salinity|saline]]. These soil and climate conditions are provided only in a few areas of the world, particularly in southern [[Spain]], the [[Levant]], [[South Africa]], [[Peru]], parts of central and northern [[Chile]], [[Vietnam]], [[Indonesia]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Australia]], [[New Zealand]], the [[United States]], [[the Philippines]], [[Malaysia]], [[Central America]], the caribbean and [[Mexico]], the center of origin and diversity of this species. Each region has different types of cultivars. Mexico is the largest producer of the Hass variety, with over 1 million tonnes produced annually.


==Student journalism==
=== Harvest and post-harvest ===
Arapahoe High School is nationally recognized for its student journalism program, which consistently ranks as one of the best in the country. The unique program, which works at an academic level, goes beyond a school-sanctioned club or activity to provide the best education in journalism practice and ethics. Arapahoe's journalism program is both covetted and fostered by its recruitment of top students in this school. Students are selected competitively to participate in either Newspaper or Yearbook journalism each scholastic year.
An average avocado tree produces about 120 avocados annually. Commercial orchards produce an average of 7 [[tonnes]] per [[hectare]] each year, with some orchards achieving 20 tonnes per hectare.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.fao.org/docrep/003/x6902e/x6902e04.htm | title = Avocado Production in Australia | last = Whiley | first = A | publisher = [[Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations]] | date = 2000-09-01 | accessdate = 2007-12-29}}</ref> [[Biennial bearing]] can be a problem, with heavy crops in one year being followed by poor yields the next. The avocado tree does not tolerate freezing temperatures, and can be grown only in subtropical or tropical climates.


===Arapahoe Herald===
The avocado is a [[Climacteric (biology)|climacteric]] fruit (the [[banana]] is another), which means that it matures on the tree but ripens off the tree. Avocados used in commerce are picked hard and green and kept in coolers at 38 to 42°F (3.3 to 5.6°C) until they reach their final destination. Avocado must be mature to ripen properly. Avocados that fall off the tree ripen on the ground, and depending on the amount of oil they contain, their taste and texture may vary greatly. Generally, the fruit is picked once it reaches maturity; Mexican growers pick Hass-variety avocados when they have more than 23% dry matter and other producing countries have similar standards. Once picked, avocados ripen in a few days at [[room temperature]] (faster if stored with other fruits such as [[banana]]s, because of the influence of [[ethylene]] gas). Premium [[supermarkets]] sell pre-ripened avocados treated with synthetic [[ethylene]] to hasten the ripening process.<ref>[http://www.mindfully.org/Plastic/Ethylene-Gas.htm Ethylene gas and produce]</ref> In some cases, avocados can be left on the tree for several months, which is an advantage to commercial growers who seek the greatest return for their crop; if the fruit remains unpicked for too long, however, it will fall to the ground.
The monthly ''Arapahoe Herald'' newspaper is produced by journalism students. In 2005, ''Arapahoe Herald'' was named a [[National Scholastic Press Association]] Pacemaker Finalist and went on to win a Pacemaker. The [[National Pacemaker Awards]] have been called “the high school equivalent of the [[Pulitzer Prize]].” In 2005, the ''Arapahoe Herald'' was under the leadership of Katrina Schuler (2005-2006 Editor in Chief) when it received the Pacemaker as well as a Silver Crown from Columbia Scholastic Press Association. It is only the sixth high school newspaper in Colorado to win a Pacemaker in the award’s 100+ year history.
In 2007 ''Arapahoe Herald'' received the National Scholastic Press Association's All-American rating, [[Columbia Scholastic Press Association]]'s Gold Medalist Award, and in 2008 placed first in the American Scholastic Press Association's Newspaper Review and Contest, under the leadership of Kelley Bruce Robinson (2007-2008 Editor in Chief). ''Arapahoe Herald'' is also included in the National Scholastic Press Association's Hall of Fame for ten consecutive All-American ratings. To date, the newspaper has earned 14 All American ratings since 1992.


An online edition of the ''Arapahoe Herald'' can be viewed at http://my.hsj.org/co/centennial/ahs/.
=== Breeding ===
[[Image:Persea americana.jpg|thumb|right|150px|''P. americana'', avocado plant flowers]]
The species is only partially able to [[self-pollination|self-pollinate]], because of [[dichogamy]] in its flowering. This limitation, added to the long juvenile period, makes the species difficult to breed. Most cultivars are propagated via [[grafting]], having originated from random seedling plants or minor [[mutation]]s derived from cultivars. Modern breeding programs tend to use isolation plots where the chances of cross-[[pollination]] are reduced. That is the case for programs at the [[University of California, Riverside]], as well as the [[Agricultural research In Israel#The Agricultural Research Organization .28ARO.29|Volcani Centre]] and the Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias in [[Chile]].


===Arapahoe Calumet===
The avocado is unusual in that the timing of the male and female flower phases differs among cultivars. There are two flowering types, "A" and "B". "A" cultivar flowers open as female on the morning of the first day and close in late morning or early afternoon. Then they open as male in the afternoon of the second day. "B" varieties open as female on the afternoon of the first day, close in late afternoon and reopen as male the following morning.
Calumet, the Arapahoe year book is produced by journalism students. Calumet received All American ratings in both 2005 and 2006 and was a Pacemaker Finalist in 2005 under the leadership of Lindsay Ourada, Mary Hayworth and Anya Lehrner.
:"A" cultivars: Hass, Gwen, Lamb Hass, Pinkerton, Reed.
:"B" cultivars: Fuerte, Sharwil, Zutano, Bacon, Ettinger, Sir Prize, Walter Hole.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://ceventura.ucdavis.edu/Agriculture265/Avocado_Handbook.htm | title = Agriculture Handbook | publisher = [[University of California]] | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | date = 2007 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/MG213 | title = Avocado Growing in the Florida Home Landscape | publisher = [[University of Florida]] | first = JH | last = Crane | coauthors = Balerdi CF, Maguire I | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | date = 2007-08-01 }}</ref>


== Clubs ==
Certain cultivars, such as the Hass, have a tendency to bear well only in alternate years. After a season with a low yield, due to factors such as cold (which the avocado does not tolerate well), the trees tend to produce abundantly the next season. This heavy crop depletes stored carbohydrates, resulting in a reduced yield the following season, and thus the alternate bearing pattern becomes established.{{Facts|date=September 2008}}
=== Future Business Leaders of America ===
In the summer of 2007, Arapahoe saw its first ever [[FBLA]] national qualifiers go to the conference in Chicago, Illinois. The qualifiers included Steven Doss (placed fourth in the nation for [[desktop publishing]]), Raychel Hirsh (placed fourth in the nation for desktop publishing), Kelly Hanson (placed eighth in the nation for emerging business issues), Michael Marino, Nicole Markinsohn (placed eighth in the nation for emerging business issues), Page Wunderlich, and Mary Hayworth (placed eighth in nation for emerging business issues).


In the 2007-2008 school year, Arapahoe made a strong showing when qualifying over 15 people for the state conference and having many teams take first at the district competition. After the state conference, again 7 people qualified for the national level of competition. Steven Doss, Raychel Hirsh, Cade Schacher, and Rick Maestas are the 4 that will be traveling to Atlanta to compete.
Unlike citrus fruits, rodents are attracted to the avocado tree and fruit during breeding.


=== Propagation and rootstocks ===
=== Art Club ===
"Frame It Up" across Dry Creek Road from Arapahoe High School has honored multiple 2008 seniors throughout the year as "Artists of the Month." The artists of 2008 included: Dylan Pierpont, Jill Popp, Lindsay Downs, Steven Doss, Mike Sakas, Tyler Lira, and Brett Hillbrand. Dylan Pierpont won a gold key in the scholastic art and writing competition in 2008 and is being sent to New York City to receive the award.[http://my.highschooljournalism.org/co/centennial/ahs/article.cfm?eid=11207&aid=170432]
[[Image:GrowingAvocadoFromSeed.JPG|thumb|right|150px|Avocado is usually [[sowing|treated]] with a special technique to assist its sprouting process]]
While an avocado propagated by seed can bear fruit, it takes roughly 4–6 years to do so, and the offspring is unlikely to resemble the parent cultivar in fruit quality. Thus, commercial orchards are planted using [[grafting|grafted]] trees and [[rootstock]]s. Rootstocks are propagated by seed (seedling rootstocks) and also [[layering]] (clonal rootstocks). After about a year of growing the young plants in a greenhouse, they are ready to be grafted. Terminal and lateral grafting is normally used. The scion cultivar will then grow for another 6–12 months before the tree is ready to be sold. Clonal rootstocks have been selected for specific soil and disease conditions, such as poor soil aeration or resistance to the soil-borne disease caused by [[phytophthora]] (root rot).


===Diseases===
=== ''Muse'' ===
''Muse'' is Arapahoe's Literary Arts Magazine. In 2007 the ''Muse'' placed eight in the National Scholastic Press Association's Best-in-Show, during the Denver Convention.[http://www.studentpress.org/nspa/winners/s07bs.html] The ''Muse'' is a school-sanctioned activity that does not meet as a cocirricular publication, as other Arapahoe publications do.
{{Main|List of avocado diseases}}
Avocado trees are vulnerable to [[bacteria]]l, [[virus|viral]], [[fungus|fungal]] and nutritional diseases (excesses and deficiencies of key minerals). Disease can affect all parts of the plant, causing spotting, rotting, cankers, pitting and discoloration.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.apsnet.org/online/common/names/avocado.asp | last = Ohr | first = HD | coauthors = Coffer MD & McMillan RT | title = Common Names of Plant Diseases | date = 2003-08-04 | accessdate = 2008-05-13 | publisher = American Phytopathological Society }}</ref>


== Athletics ==
=== Cultivation in California ===
{{Nofootnotes|date=September 2008}}
The avocado was introduced from [[Mexico]] to the [[United States|U.S.]] state of [[California]] in the 19th century, and has become an extremely successful [[cash crop]]. Ninety-five percent of United States avocado production is located in southern [[California]], with 60% in [[San Diego County, California|San Diego County]].<ref name=CACFF>{{cite web | url = http://www.avocado.org/about/fun_facts | title = Avocado Fun Facts | publisher = California Avocado Commission | accessdate = 2008-06-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://kgkat.tripod.com/avocado.html | title = Avocado Toxicity | last = Clipsham | first = R | accessdate = 2007-12-29 }}</ref> Approximately 59,000 acres (approximately 24,000 hectares) of avocados are grown in California. [[Fallbrook, California]], claims the title of "Avocado Capital of the World", and both Fallbrook and [[Carpinteria, California]] host annual avocado festivals.
Arapahoe is part of the 8-team Centennial League that also includes Cherry Creek,[[Grandview High School (Colorado)| Grandview]],[[Cherokee Trail High School| Cherokee Trail]],[[Smoky Hill High School| Smoky Hill]],[[Eaglecrest High School| Eaglecrest]],[[J. K. Mullen High School| Mullen]], and [[Overland High School|Overland]].[http://my.highschooljournalism.org/co/centennial/ahs/article.cfm?eid=10870&aid=164964]
Arapahoe athletics include baseball, basketball, cheerleading, cross country, dance, football, golf, lacrosse, marching band, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track, volleyball, and wrestling. All athletics at Arapahoe are competed at the 5A level.


====Hass cultivar====
=== Baseball ===
The 2008 Warrior Baseball team made it to the final four teams in the state for the first time since 1993.
[[Image:Avacado white bg.jpg|thumb|150px|Two Hass avocado]]
{{main|Hass avocado}}
While dozens of [[cultivar]]s are grown in California, the [[Hass avocado]] is today the most common. It produces fruit year-round and accounts for the majority of cultivated avocados in the US.<ref name="WCA" /><ref name="Avocado.org 1">{{Cite web
|url=http://www.avocado.org/about/avocado-history/mother-tree
|author=<!--Staff writers; no by-line.-->
|title=The Hass Mother Tree: 1926&ndash;2002
|work=Avocado.org
|pages="About Avocados: History" section
|publisher=[[California Avocado Commission]]
|location=[[Irvine, CA]]
|date=2008 &#91;copyright date&#93;
|accessdate=2008-09-27
}}</ref> All Hass avocado trees are descended from a single "mother tree" that was raised by a mail carrier named Rudolph Hass, of [[La Habra Heights, California]].<ref name = "IF" /><ref name="Avocado.org 1" /> Hass [[patent]]ed the productive tree in 1935. The "mother tree", of uncertain subspecies, died of [[root rot]] and was cut down in September, 2002.<ref name="WCA" /><ref name="Avocado.org 1" />


===Other cultivars===
=== Cheerleading ===
The 2007-2008 Warrior Varsity Cheerleading team finished '''11th in the nation''' at the UCA National High School Cheerleading Championships.
Other avocado cultivars include Bacon, Fuerte, Gwen, Pinkerton, Reed, [[William A. Spinks|Spinks]] and Zutano. The fruit of the cultivar Florida, grown mostly outside California, is larger and rounder, with a smooth, medium-green skin, and a less-fatty, firmer and fibrous flesh. These are occasionally marketed as low-calorie avocados.


=== Cross Country ===
===Avocado-related international trade issues===
The boys Cross Country team received 2nd place at state this year. The girls team finished 7th this year.
[[Image:Avocado firstInternationalShipment.jpg|right|thumb|200px|First international air shipment of avocados from [[Los Angeles]], CA, to [[Toronto]], Ontario, for the [[Canadian National Exhibition]].]]
After the [[North American Free Trade Agreement]] (NAFTA) went into effect in 1994, Mexico tried exporting avocados to the [[United States|US]]. The US government resisted, claiming that the trade would introduce [[fruit flies]] that would destroy California's crops. The Mexican government responded by inviting US Department of Agriculture inspectors to Mexico, but the U.S. government declined, claiming fruit fly inspection is not feasible. The Mexican government then proposed to sell avocados only to the northeastern US in the winter (fruit flies cannot withstand extreme cold). The US government balked, but gave in when the Mexican government started throwing up barriers to US [[corn (maize)|corn]].


===Dance===
Legitimate pest invasion issues exist, as avocado pests originating in Mexico have made their way to California, including the [[persea mite]] and avocado [[thrips]]. These pests have increased pest control costs and made previously-relied-upon [[biological pest control|biological control]] less feasible. Other potentially disastrous pests, including a weevil, remain risks. Another argument is that the lower prices generated by Mexican (and [[Chile]]an) imports would increase the popularity of avocados outside of California, thereby assuaging the loss of profits due to the new competition.
Arapahoe's competitive dance team is called Tom Toms. They received 9th place in the preliminary round of the state championships.


===Football===
Today avocados from Mexico are allowed in all 50 states. This is because [[United States Department of Agriculture|USDA]] inspectors in [[Michoacán]] (the [[States of Mexico|Mexican state]] where 90% of Hass avocados from Mexico are grown), have cut open and inspected millions of fruit in [[Uruapan]], finding no problems. Imports from Mexico in the 2005&ndash;2006 season exceeded 130,000 [[tonne]]s.<ref name="IHT">{{cite news | url = http://www.iht.com/articles/ap/2007/02/03/business/LA-FIN-ECO-Mexico-US-Avocados.php | title = Mexico praises lifting of last U.S. avocado import barriers | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | date = 2007-02-02 | publisher = International [[Herald Tribune]] }}</ref>{{Clarifyme|date=September 2008|reason=Shouldn't that be [[short ton]]? The US generally doesn't use the metric system very much. If it is correct, use "metric ton"; North Americans even more broadly do not use "tonne".}}
Arapahoe's only state football championship is from the 1970 season. They were state runner up in 1991.


===Golf===
Avocados are more expensive in the US than in other countries, because those consumed in the US are grown almost exclusively in California and Florida.{{Clarifyme|date=September 2008|reason=What sort of sense is that supposed to make?}} California produces about 90% of the nation's avocado crop.<ref name="CACFF" />
The 2007 boys' golf team finished third at state. The 2007 girl's team did not get ranked as a team over all.


==Uses==
===Lacrosse===
The 2007 boy's lacrosse team received a first round bye in the playoffs, and went on to lose in the semi-finals. The 2007 girl's team also lost in the semi-final round of the playoffs.
{{nutritionalvalue | name=Avocado, raw (edible parts) | kJ=670 | protein=2 g | fat=14.66 g | satfat=2.13 g | monofat=9.80 g | polyfat=1.82 g | carbs=8.53 g | fiber=6.7 g | sugars=0.66 g | iron_mg=0.55 | calcium_mg=12 | magnesium_mg=29 | phosphorus_mg=52 | potassium_mg=485 | zinc_mg=0.64 | vitC_mg=10 | pantothenic_mg=1.389 | vitB6_mg=0.257 | folate_ug=81 | thiamin_mg=0.067 | riboflavin_mg=0.130 | niacin_mg=1.738 | right=1 | source_usda=1 }}
The fruit of horticultural cultivars ranges from more or less round to egg- or pear-shaped, typically the size of a temperate-zone [[pear]] or larger, on the outside bright green to green-brown (or almost black) in color. The fruit has a markedly higher [[fat]] content than most other fruit, mostly [[monounsaturated fat]]. A ripe avocado will yield to a gentle pressure when held in the palm of the hand and squeezed. The flesh is typically greenish yellow to golden yellow when ripe. The flesh [[oxidization|oxidizes]] and turns brown quickly after exposure to air. To prevent this, [[lime (fruit)|lime]] or [[lemon]] juice can be added to avocados after they are peeled.


===Marching Band===
The avocado is very popular in [[vegetarian cuisine]], making an excellent substitute for meats in sandwiches and salads because of its high [[fat]] content. The fruit is not sweet, but fatty, distinctly yet subtly flavored, and of smooth, almost creamy texture. It is used as the base for the [[Mexico|Mexican]] [[Dip (food)|dip]] known as [[guacamole]], as well as a filling for several kinds of [[sushi]], including [[California roll]]s. Avocado is popular in chicken dishes and as a spread on toast, served with salt and pepper. In [[Brazil]] and [[Vietnam]], avocados are frequently used for milk-shakes and occasionally added to [[ice cream]] and other desserts. In [[Brazil]], [[Vietnam]], the [[Philippines]] and [[Indonesia]], a [[dessert]] drink is made with sugar, milk or water, and pureed avocado. [[Chocolate syrup]] is sometimes added. In [[Australia]] it is commonly served in sandwiches, often with chicken.
The Arapahoe High School Warrior Marching Band (nicknamed "The Pride of Arapahoe") took second place at the state semifinal competition in the fall of 2007 (the finals were cancelled due to high winds). The Warrior Marching Band led the Denver Parade of Lights in 2007 and received 2nd place overall in the parade's marching band competition.


===Soccer===
In [[Mexico]] and [[Central America]], avocados are served mixed with white rice, in soups, salads, or on the side of chicken and meat. In [[Chile]] its consumption is widespread and used as a puree in chicken, [[hamburger]]s and [[hot dog]]s, and in slices for [[celery]] or [[lettuce]] salads. The Chilean version of [[caesar salad]] contains large slices of mature avocado.
The Arapahoe Ball Kickers (ABK) have won more state soccer championships in Colorado than any other school. The girls teams have won 9 championships since 1978, the last coming in 2006, and the boys teams have won 5. These championships can be viewed at the Colorado High School Activities Association web site. {http://www.chsaa.org/sports/soccer/soccer.asp


The girls progam has registered 472 wins to date since 1978. (As of February 2008) This ranks them 4th all time nationally according to the National Soccer Coaches Association of America. NSCSAA link is http://www.nscaa.com/downloads/HSGWinningestTeam042308.html
The fruit was the basis for the original alcoholic drink [[Advocaat]], made by the Dutch population of [[Suriname]] and [[Recife]], with the name deriving from the same source.


===Nutritional value===
===Swimming===
The 2006-07 boy's swim team finished 5th at state. The 2006-2007 girls team finished 6th.
Approximately 75% of an avocado's calories come from fat, most of which is [[monounsaturated fat]]. Avocados also have 60% more [[potassium]] than [[banana]]s. They are rich in [[B vitamins]], as well as [[vitamin E]] and [[vitamin K]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.nutritiondata.com/facts-C00001-01c20Tk.html | title = Avocados, raw, California | publisher = NutritionData.com | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | year = 2007 }}</ref> They have the highest fiber content of any fruit - including 75% insoluble and 25% soluble fiber.<ref name="pmid12097685">{{cite journal |author=Naveh E, Werman MJ, Sabo E, Neeman I |title=Defatted avocado pulp reduces body weight and total hepatic fat but increases plasma cholesterol in male rats fed diets with cholesterol |journal=J. Nutr. |volume=132 |issue=7 |pages=2015–8 |year=2002 |pmid=12097685 |doi=}}</ref>


=== Track ===
A fatty [[triol]] ([[fatty alcohol]]) with one [[double bond]], [[avocadene]] (16-heptadecene-1,2,4-triol), is found in avocado.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cyberlipid.org/simple/simp0003.htm#3 | title = FATTY ALCOHOLS: Unsaturated alcohols | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | publisher = Cyberlipid Center }}</ref>
The ''2008 Boy's team won the Class 5A State Championship''. This is the State's largest classification, and the first team state championship win for Arapahoe in Track since its conception over 40 years ago. The boy's team did not have any individual champions in the state meet.


In the 2007 season, the boy's track team finished 22nd at state and the girls team finished 18th.
=== As a houseplant ===
[[Image:avocadoashouseplantb.jpg|left|thumb|Avocado tree trained as a houseplant|120px]]
Avocado can be grown as a [[houseplant]] from seed. It can germinate in normal [[soil]] in a large pot or by suspending a washed pit in a glass (generally using [[toothpick]]s embedded in the sides) pointed-side up and filling the glass with water until the bottom quarter of the pit is covered. The pit will crack as it absorbs water and germinates, and should sprout in 4–6 weeks. When the roots and stem emerge from the seed, it can be planted in soil. Alternatively, [[vermicompost]] bins provide ideal conditions for germination of avocado pits. Once the pit sprouts a root transplant it to a pot containing a mixture of worm castings and potting soil. The stem should sprout within a month.<ref>{{cite book |title= Worms Eat My Garbage: How to Set Up & Maintain a Worm Composting System|last= Appelhof |first= Mary |authorlink= Mary Appelhof |year= 1997 |publisher= Flower Press |isbn= 978-0942256109 |pages= 162}}</ref> The young tree is amenable to pruning and training but will not normally bear fruit indoors without sufficient sunlight and a second plant to [[Pollination|cross-pollinate]].


=== Wrestling ===
==Toxicity to animals==
The Warriors qualified three wrestlers for state in 2008.
There is documented evidence that animals such as cats, dogs, cattle, goats, rabbits, rats, birds, fish, horses and especially humans<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.cbif.gc.ca/pls/pp/ppack.info?p_psn=238&p_type=all&p_sci=comm&p_x=px | title = Notes on poisoning: avocado | publisher = [[Canadian Biodiversity Information Facility]] | accessdate = 2007-12-29 | date = 2006-06-30 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web | url = http://kgkat.tripod.com/avocado.html | title = Avocado Toxicity | last = Clipsham | first = R | accessdate = 2007=12-29 }}</ref> can be severely harmed or even killed when they consume the avocado leaves, bark, skin, or pit. The avocado fruit is poisonous to birds in some cases, so on a practical level feeding the fruit to birds should be avoided. Avocado leaves contain a toxic fatty acid derivative known as [[persin]], which in sufficient quantity can cause equine colic and, with lack of veterinary treatment, death.<ref name="pmid8581318">{{cite journal |author=Oelrichs PB, Ng JC, Seawright AA, Ward A, Schäffeler L, MacLeod JK |title=Isolation and identification of a compound from avocado (Persea americana) leaves which causes necrosis of the acinar epithelium of the lactating mammary gland and the myocardium |journal=Nat. Toxins |volume=3 |issue=5 |pages=344–9 |year=1995 |pmid=8581318|doi=10.1002/nt.2620030504}}</ref> The symptoms include gastrointestinal irritation, vomiting, diarrhea, respiratory distress, congestion, fluid accumulation around the tissues of the heart and even death. Birds also seem to be particularly sensitive to this toxic compound. Negative effects in humans seem to be primarily in allergic individuals.

==Co-evolution==
The avocado may be an example of an 'evolutionary anachronism', a fruit adapted for [[ecology|ecological]] relationship with now-[[Extinction|extinct]] large mammals (such as the giant [[ground sloth]] or the [[Gomphothere]]). Most large fleshy fruits serve the function of [[seed|seed dispersal]], accomplished by their consumption by large animals. Author Connie Barlow hypothesizes that the fruit, with its mildly toxic pit, may have [[Co-evolution|co-evolve]]d with [[Pleistocene megafauna]] to be swallowed whole and excreted in their dung, ready to sprout. No extant native animal is large enough to effectively disperse avocado seeds in this fashion. When the avocado's hypothesized ecological partners disappeared the avocado likely would have gone extinct, or evolved a different fruit morphology, if human cultivation had not maintained this "ghost of evolution."<ref name="isbn0-465-00551-9">{{cite book |author=Barlow, Connie C. |title=The ghosts of evolution: nonsensical fruit, missing partners, and other ecological anachronisms |publisher=Basic Books |location=New York |year=2000 |pages= |isbn=0-465-00551-9 |oclc= |doi=}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Recalcitrant seed]]


== References ==
== References ==
Line 198: Line 137:


== External links ==
== External links ==
* [http://arapahoe.littletonpublicschools.net/ Official website]
{{Commons|Persea americana}}
* [http://www.littletongov.org/history/othertopics/sch_high.asp Littleton's high schools] at Littleton.gov
{{wiktionary}}
* [http://www.turtletrack.org/Issues02/Co11022002/CO_11022002_Arapaho.htm ''Denver Post'' article] recounting school's relationship with Wyoming tribe
{{Cookbook|Avocado}}
* [http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/tropical/lecture_33/lec_33.html Purdue horticultural lecture on Avocados with pictures of cultivation from fertilization to harvest]
* [http://avocadosource.com/ Avocadosource.com] Online library of avocado research papers.
* [http://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/avocado.html California Rare Fruit Growers], avocados beyond ''Persea americana''

[[Category:Trees of Mexico]]
[[Category:Trees of Costa Rica]]
[[Category:Trees of Guatemala]]
[[Category:Trees of Honduras]]
[[Category:Trees of Nicaragua]]
[[Category:Persea]]
[[Category:Vegetable-like fruits]]
[[Category:Tropical agriculture]]
[[Category:Nahuatl words and phrases]]
[[Category:Native crops of Mexico]]


[[Category:Educational institutions established in 1964]]
[[ar:أفوكادو]]
[[Category:High schools in Colorado]]
[[zh-min-nan:Avocado]]
[[bg:Авокадо]]
[[ca:Alvocat]]
[[ceb:Abokado]]
[[cs:Hruškovec přelahodný]]
[[da:Avocado]]
[[de:Avocado]]
[[el:Αβοκάντο]]
[[es:Persea americana]]
[[eo:Avokado]]
[[fr:Avocatier]]
[[id:Apokat]]
[[is:Lárpera]]
[[it:Persea americana]]
[[he:אבוקדו]]
[[jv:Apokat]]
[[ht:Zaboka]]
[[la:Persea americana]]
[[lt:Amerikinė persėja]]
[[ln:Sabúká]]
[[hu:Avokádó]]
[[nah:Āhuacacuahuitl]]
[[nl:Avocado]]
[[ja:アボカド]]
[[no:Avokado]]
[[nn:Avokado]]
[[ug:ئاۋكادۇر]]
[[pl:Smaczliwka]]
[[pt:Abacateiro]]
[[qu:Palta]]
[[ru:Авокадо]]
[[simple:Avocado]]
[[sl:Avokadovec]]
[[sr:Авокадо]]
[[su:Alpuket]]
[[fi:Avokado]]
[[sv:Avokado]]
[[tl:Abukado]]
[[vi:Bơ (thực vật)]]
[[to:ʻĀvoka]]
[[tr:Avokado]]
[[uk:Авокадо]]
[[zh:鳄梨]]

Revision as of 18:10, 12 October 2008

Arapahoe High School
File:Ahs logo.png
Arapahoe Warrior
Address
Map
2201 East Dry Creek Road

Centennial
,
Colorado
80122-3100

United States
Coordinates39°34′55″N 104°57′41″W / 39.58186°N 104.96128°W / 39.58186; -104.96128
Information
TypeFree public
Established1964
School districtLittleton Public Schools (LPS)
CEEB code060928
Deannone
PrincipalRonald Booth
Faculty129
Grades9-12
Number of students2,110
 • Grade 9525
 • Grade 10554
 • Grade 11509
 • Grade 12522
Campus size254,756 square feet (23,667.61 m2)
Campus typeSuburban
Color(s)Black and Old Gold   
AthleticsBaseball, basketball, cheerleading, cross country, dance, football, golf, lacrosse, marching band, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track, volleyball, wrestling
Athletics conferenceContinental and Centennial
MascotWarrior
RivalsHeritage High School, Littleton High School, Cherry Creek High School
NewspaperArapahoe Herald View Online: http://my.hsj.org/co/centennial/ahs/
YearbookCalumet
Websitehttp://www.arapahoe.littletonpublicschools.com

Arapahoe High School is a public high school in Centennial, Colorado, United States. Located in the suburbs of Denver, it is the largest of three high schools in Littleton Public Schools District with an enrollment of 2,229 students. The 254,756-square-foot (23,667.6 m2) high school has three gyms, a library, kitchen, a 647-seat theater, 70 classrooms, a pool, tennis courts, baseball, football, and soccer fields, and a track.

Arapahoe's mascot is a warrior, and the school colors are black and gold. The school is known for its affiliation with the Arapaho tribe of Wind River, Wyoming. Members of the tribe visit the school every other year.[citation needed] Arapahoe consistently places "Excellent" on Colorado's statewide school accountability report, the only Littleton Public Schools high school to do so.[1]

History

Arapahoe High School was built in 1964. Several additions have been made since that time:

  • 1965: A gymnasium, built by Morse, Dion & Champion, architects and Hollister, general contractor
  • 1967: An addition of a pool, classrooms and theater, built by Morse, Dion & Champion, architects and Webco, general contractor.
  • 1979: An addition of locker rooms, wrestling facilities and a gymnastics gym, built by Allred/Fisher, architects and Frank Hall & Co., construction management.
  • 1987: An addition of administration and counseling space, by Culbertson & Associates, who served as designer and general contractor.
  • 1997: The school's aging interior library was replaced with classrooms, and a new library and media center were constructed on the north side of the building. Accessibility was improved with the construction of an elevator adjacent to second-floor classrooms and a student-designed east entrance with wheelchair ramps and automated doors, nicknamed "The Bubble."
  • 2005: The school underwent significant remodeling. A new gymnasium was added, several classrooms were redesigned and walls were rebuilt to meet fire code standards.

School environment

Arapahoe uses the variable scheduling system, which allows students to build their own schedules off of a master course list, and is designed to prepare the student for the scheduling that is found in most colleges and universities. There are 6 class periods per day, most of which last 59 minutes (3rd hour is 61 minutes to allow time for daily announcements). Between each period there is a 5 minute passing period. Lunch is staggered either before or after 4th hour, and referred to as "first lunch" and "second lunch", each lasting 35 minutes. Which lunch a student is assigned to is determined by the course scheduled during 4th hour. Students are allotted unscheduled hours during the day, and as the campus is open, students are free to do as they wish during this time. More than 98 percent of Arapahoe graduates continue their education. Students took the following Advanced Placement exams in 2006: English Language and Composition, English Literature and Composition, French Language, Spanish Language, Human Geography, European History, U.S. Government and Politics, U.S. History, Physics B, Physics C, Computer Science AB, Biology, Chemistry, Statistics, Calculus AB, and Calculus BC. [1] Additionally, AP Music Theory is offered in alternating years. [2]

Additionally, the school has a unique relationship with the Arapaho Tribal Nation. After complaints about the pejorative depiction of Native Americans, the school sought a relationship with the tribe.[citation needed] Since then, the Northern Arapaho tribe has endorsed the name of the high school and its use of the current warrior mascot, provided by the tribe. Additionally, the large gym was refinished and named the Sitting Eagle Gymnasium (this is now the second gym). According to the original agreement made by the school, the mascot is not to be put on the floor (where one could walk on it) or on any article of clothing[citation needed], but whether through subsequent agreement or disregard on the part of the school the mascot can be found on a wide variety of clothing. Additionally, tribal members visit the school for important events, speaking every year at graduation, and every two years a larger group will visit the school to perform various traditional dances and speak about Native American culture.

Students at the school generally perform above average on standardized tests, including the ACT and the SAT. All teachers at Arapahoe have subject expertise and hold degrees in the subjects in which they teach.[3]

Student journalism

Arapahoe High School is nationally recognized for its student journalism program, which consistently ranks as one of the best in the country. The unique program, which works at an academic level, goes beyond a school-sanctioned club or activity to provide the best education in journalism practice and ethics. Arapahoe's journalism program is both covetted and fostered by its recruitment of top students in this school. Students are selected competitively to participate in either Newspaper or Yearbook journalism each scholastic year.

Arapahoe Herald

The monthly Arapahoe Herald newspaper is produced by journalism students. In 2005, Arapahoe Herald was named a National Scholastic Press Association Pacemaker Finalist and went on to win a Pacemaker. The National Pacemaker Awards have been called “the high school equivalent of the Pulitzer Prize.” In 2005, the Arapahoe Herald was under the leadership of Katrina Schuler (2005-2006 Editor in Chief) when it received the Pacemaker as well as a Silver Crown from Columbia Scholastic Press Association. It is only the sixth high school newspaper in Colorado to win a Pacemaker in the award’s 100+ year history.

In 2007 Arapahoe Herald received the National Scholastic Press Association's All-American rating, Columbia Scholastic Press Association's Gold Medalist Award, and in 2008 placed first in the American Scholastic Press Association's Newspaper Review and Contest, under the leadership of Kelley Bruce Robinson (2007-2008 Editor in Chief). Arapahoe Herald is also included in the National Scholastic Press Association's Hall of Fame for ten consecutive All-American ratings. To date, the newspaper has earned 14 All American ratings since 1992.

An online edition of the Arapahoe Herald can be viewed at http://my.hsj.org/co/centennial/ahs/.

Arapahoe Calumet

Calumet, the Arapahoe year book is produced by journalism students. Calumet received All American ratings in both 2005 and 2006 and was a Pacemaker Finalist in 2005 under the leadership of Lindsay Ourada, Mary Hayworth and Anya Lehrner.

Clubs

Future Business Leaders of America

In the summer of 2007, Arapahoe saw its first ever FBLA national qualifiers go to the conference in Chicago, Illinois. The qualifiers included Steven Doss (placed fourth in the nation for desktop publishing), Raychel Hirsh (placed fourth in the nation for desktop publishing), Kelly Hanson (placed eighth in the nation for emerging business issues), Michael Marino, Nicole Markinsohn (placed eighth in the nation for emerging business issues), Page Wunderlich, and Mary Hayworth (placed eighth in nation for emerging business issues).

In the 2007-2008 school year, Arapahoe made a strong showing when qualifying over 15 people for the state conference and having many teams take first at the district competition. After the state conference, again 7 people qualified for the national level of competition. Steven Doss, Raychel Hirsh, Cade Schacher, and Rick Maestas are the 4 that will be traveling to Atlanta to compete.

Art Club

"Frame It Up" across Dry Creek Road from Arapahoe High School has honored multiple 2008 seniors throughout the year as "Artists of the Month." The artists of 2008 included: Dylan Pierpont, Jill Popp, Lindsay Downs, Steven Doss, Mike Sakas, Tyler Lira, and Brett Hillbrand. Dylan Pierpont won a gold key in the scholastic art and writing competition in 2008 and is being sent to New York City to receive the award.[4]

Muse

Muse is Arapahoe's Literary Arts Magazine. In 2007 the Muse placed eight in the National Scholastic Press Association's Best-in-Show, during the Denver Convention.[5] The Muse is a school-sanctioned activity that does not meet as a cocirricular publication, as other Arapahoe publications do.

Athletics

Arapahoe is part of the 8-team Centennial League that also includes Cherry Creek, Grandview, Cherokee Trail, Smoky Hill, Eaglecrest, Mullen, and Overland.[6] Arapahoe athletics include baseball, basketball, cheerleading, cross country, dance, football, golf, lacrosse, marching band, soccer, softball, swimming, tennis, track, volleyball, and wrestling. All athletics at Arapahoe are competed at the 5A level.

Baseball

The 2008 Warrior Baseball team made it to the final four teams in the state for the first time since 1993.

Cheerleading

The 2007-2008 Warrior Varsity Cheerleading team finished 11th in the nation at the UCA National High School Cheerleading Championships.

Cross Country

The boys Cross Country team received 2nd place at state this year. The girls team finished 7th this year.

Dance

Arapahoe's competitive dance team is called Tom Toms. They received 9th place in the preliminary round of the state championships.

Football

Arapahoe's only state football championship is from the 1970 season. They were state runner up in 1991.

Golf

The 2007 boys' golf team finished third at state. The 2007 girl's team did not get ranked as a team over all.

Lacrosse

The 2007 boy's lacrosse team received a first round bye in the playoffs, and went on to lose in the semi-finals. The 2007 girl's team also lost in the semi-final round of the playoffs.

Marching Band

The Arapahoe High School Warrior Marching Band (nicknamed "The Pride of Arapahoe") took second place at the state semifinal competition in the fall of 2007 (the finals were cancelled due to high winds). The Warrior Marching Band led the Denver Parade of Lights in 2007 and received 2nd place overall in the parade's marching band competition.

Soccer

The Arapahoe Ball Kickers (ABK) have won more state soccer championships in Colorado than any other school. The girls teams have won 9 championships since 1978, the last coming in 2006, and the boys teams have won 5. These championships can be viewed at the Colorado High School Activities Association web site. {http://www.chsaa.org/sports/soccer/soccer.asp

The girls progam has registered 472 wins to date since 1978. (As of February 2008) This ranks them 4th all time nationally according to the National Soccer Coaches Association of America. NSCSAA link is http://www.nscaa.com/downloads/HSGWinningestTeam042308.html

Swimming

The 2006-07 boy's swim team finished 5th at state. The 2006-2007 girls team finished 6th.

Track

The 2008 Boy's team won the Class 5A State Championship. This is the State's largest classification, and the first team state championship win for Arapahoe in Track since its conception over 40 years ago. The boy's team did not have any individual champions in the state meet.

In the 2007 season, the boy's track team finished 22nd at state and the girls team finished 18th.

Wrestling

The Warriors qualified three wrestlers for state in 2008.

References

  1. ^ Office school website

External links

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