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{{Short description|Chinese statesman, historian and poet (998–1061)}}
{{Chinese name|[[Song (Chinese name)|Song]]}}
{{family name hatnote|[[Song (Chinese name)|Song]]|lang=Chinese}}


'''Song Qi''' (宋祁, 998–1061) was a [[China|Chinese]] [[Politician|statesman]], [[historian]], [[essayist]] and [[poet]] of the [[Song Dynasty (960-1279)|Song Dynasty]].
'''Song Qi''' ({{zh|c=宋祁}}; 998–1061), [[courtesy name]] '''Zijing''' (子京), was a Chinese essayist, historian, poet, and politician of the [[Northern Song (960–1127)|Northern Song dynasty]].


==Imperial advisor==
==Imperial advisor==
Song was a Grand Councilor in the Imperial Chinese court.<ref>Hon, Tze-Ki. (2005). {{Google books|wQbdW-JK4rMC|''The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in the Northern Song Period, 960-1127,'' p. 126.|page=126}}</ref> In this role, he was called to become a military analyst:
Song was a Grand Councilor in the Imperial Chinese court.<ref>Hon, Tze-Ki (2005). {{Google books|wQbdW-JK4rMC|''The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in the Northern Song Period, 960-1127,'' p. 126.|page=126}}</ref> In this role, he was called to become a military analyst:
:"The reason why our enemies to the north and west are able to withstand China is precisely because they have many horses and their men are adept at riding; this is their strength. China has few horses, and its men are not accustomed to riding; this is China's weakness.... The court constantly tries, with our weakness, to oppose our enemies' strength, so that we lose every battle .... Those who propose remedies for this situation merely wish to increase our armed forces in order to overwhelm the enemy. They do not realize that, without horses, we can never create an effective military force."<ref>Creel, Herlee Glessner. (1982). "The Role of the Horse in Chinese History," {{Google books|qWBRpKhSIRIC|''What is Taoism?,'' p. 181.|page=181}}</ref>
:"The reason why our enemies to the north and west are able to withstand China is precisely because they have many horses and their men are adept at riding; this is their strength. China has few horses, and its men are not accustomed to riding; this is China's weakness.... The court constantly tries, with our weakness, to oppose our enemies' strength, so that we lose every battle .... Those who propose remedies for this situation merely wish to increase our armed forces in order to overwhelm the enemy. They do not realize that, without horses, we can never create an effective military force."<ref>Creel, Herlee Glessner. (1982). "The Role of the Horse in Chinese History," {{Google books|qWBRpKhSIRIC|''What is Taoism?,'' p. 181.|page=181}}</ref>
While China had many men in Chinese cavalry, very few of them actually had horses to ride; and if they did actually have a horse, they did not ride well. In stark contrast, the military forces arising from Inner Asia had many horses and the men had excellent riding skills.
While China had many men in Chinese cavalry, very few of them actually had horses to ride; and if they did actually have a horse, they did not ride well. In stark contrast, the military forces arising from Inner Asia had many horses and the men had excellent riding skills.


==Historian==
== Historian ==
As an historian and writer, Song is best known for his work as co-author of [[New Book of Tang|New History of the Tang Dynasty]] (新唐書|新唐书). This work was created in collaboration with [[Ouyang Xiu]];<ref>Boyd, Kelly. (1999). {{Google books|JBqWbDmFsfEC|''Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing,'' Vol. 1, p. 228.|page=228}}</ref> and it was officially presented to the emperor in 1060.
As an historian and writer, Song is best known for his work as co-author of [[New Book of Tang|''New History of the Tang Dynasty'']] ({{lang|zh-Hant|新唐書}}). This work was created in collaboration with [[Ouyang Xiu]];<ref>Boyd, Kelly. (1999). {{Google books|JBqWbDmFsfEC|''Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing,'' Vol. 1, p. 228.|page=228}}</ref> and it was officially presented to the emperor in 1060.


==See also==
== See also ==
{{portal|Poetry}}
{{Portal|China|History|Poetry}}
*[[Twenty-Four Histories]]
* ''[[Twenty-Four Histories]]''


==Notes==
== References ==
=== Citations ===
{{reflist|2}}
{{Reflist}}


==References==
=== Sources ===
{{refbegin}}
* Creel, Herlee Glessner. (1982). "The Role of the Horse in Chinese History," [https://books.google.com/books?id=qWBRpKhSIRIC&dq=horse+war+East+Asia&lr=&client=firefox-a&source=gbs_navlinks_s ''What is Taoism?, and other studies in Chinese cultural history.''] Chicago : University of Chicago Press. {{ISBN|9780226120478}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/what-is-taoism-and-other-studies-in-chinese-cultural-history/oclc/221400450 OCLC 221400450]
* Boyd, Kelly. (1999). [https://books.google.com/books?id=JBqWbDmFsfEC&dq=Song+Qi+998-1061&source=gbs_navlinks_s ''Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing.''] London: Fitzroy Dearborn. {{ISBN|9781884964336}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/encyclopedia-of-historians-and-historical-writing/oclc/40991180&referer=brief_results OCLC 40991180]
* Creel, Herlee Glessner. (1982). "The Role of the Horse in Chinese History," [https://books.google.com/books?id=qWBRpKhSIRIC&q=horse+war+East+Asia ''What is Taoism?, and other studies in Chinese cultural history.''] Chicago : University of Chicago Press. {{ISBN|9780226120478}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/221400450 OCLC 221400450].
* Hon, Tze-Ki. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=wQbdW-JK4rMC&dq=Song+Qi+998-1061&source=gbs_navlinks_s ''The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in the Northern Song Period, 960-1127.''] Albany: [[State University of New York Press]]. {{ISBN|9780791463116}}; [http://www.worldcat.org/title/yijing-and-chinese-politics-classical-commentary-and-literati-activism-in-the-northern-song-period-960-1127/oclc/237994251 OCLC 237994251]
* Boyd, Kelly. (1999). [https://books.google.com/books?id=JBqWbDmFsfEC&q=Song+Qi+998-1061 ''Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing.''] London: Fitzroy Dearborn. {{ISBN|9781884964336}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/40991180 OCLC 40991180].
* Hon, Tze-Ki. (2005). [https://books.google.com/books?id=wQbdW-JK4rMC&q=Song+Qi+998-1061 ''The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in the Northern Song Period, 960-1127.''] Albany: [[State University of New York Press]]. {{ISBN|9780791463116}}; [https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/237994251 OCLC 237994251].
{{refend}}

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{{Twenty-Four Histories}}


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Latest revision as of 08:59, 30 July 2023

In this Chinese name, the family name is Song.

Song Qi (Chinese: 宋祁; 998–1061), courtesy name Zijing (子京), was a Chinese essayist, historian, poet, and politician of the Northern Song dynasty.

Imperial advisor[edit]

Song was a Grand Councilor in the Imperial Chinese court.[1] In this role, he was called to become a military analyst:

"The reason why our enemies to the north and west are able to withstand China is precisely because they have many horses and their men are adept at riding; this is their strength. China has few horses, and its men are not accustomed to riding; this is China's weakness.... The court constantly tries, with our weakness, to oppose our enemies' strength, so that we lose every battle .... Those who propose remedies for this situation merely wish to increase our armed forces in order to overwhelm the enemy. They do not realize that, without horses, we can never create an effective military force."[2]

While China had many men in Chinese cavalry, very few of them actually had horses to ride; and if they did actually have a horse, they did not ride well. In stark contrast, the military forces arising from Inner Asia had many horses and the men had excellent riding skills.

Historian[edit]

As an historian and writer, Song is best known for his work as co-author of New History of the Tang Dynasty (新唐書). This work was created in collaboration with Ouyang Xiu;[3] and it was officially presented to the emperor in 1060.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

Citations[edit]

  1. ^ Hon, Tze-Ki (2005). The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in the Northern Song Period, 960-1127, p. 126., p. 126, at Google Books
  2. ^ Creel, Herlee Glessner. (1982). "The Role of the Horse in Chinese History," What is Taoism?, p. 181., p. 181, at Google Books
  3. ^ Boyd, Kelly. (1999). Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing, Vol. 1, p. 228., p. 228, at Google Books

Sources[edit]

  • Creel, Herlee Glessner. (1982). "The Role of the Horse in Chinese History," What is Taoism?, and other studies in Chinese cultural history. Chicago : University of Chicago Press. ISBN 9780226120478; OCLC 221400450.
  • Boyd, Kelly. (1999). Encyclopedia of Historians and Historical Writing. London: Fitzroy Dearborn. ISBN 9781884964336; OCLC 40991180.
  • Hon, Tze-Ki. (2005). The Yijing and Chinese Politics: Classical Commentary and Literati Activism in the Northern Song Period, 960-1127. Albany: State University of New York Press. ISBN 9780791463116; OCLC 237994251.
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