Adele Buffington: Difference between revisions

Adele Buffington
Adele Buffington
	Buffington in 1922
Born	Adele Burgdorfer; February 12, 1900; St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Died	November 23, 1973 (aged 73); Woodland Hills, California, USA
Occupation	Screenwriter
Years active	1919–1958
Spouse	Edward Vore (m. 1926)

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Adele Buffington (born Adele Burgdorfer, and sometimes billed as Jess Bowers) was an American screenwriter of the silent and sound film eras of Hollywood.

Early life[edit]

Adele was born in St. Louis to Adolph Burgdorfer and Mary Elizabeth Frederick, both of whom were immigrants from Germany. Before moving to Los Angeles at the age of 16, she worked in a movie theater, where she got to watch countless films.^[1]^[2] Once she arrived in Los Angeles, she got a job selling tickets at a theater in Hollywood; she worked as a treasurer for several theaters during this time period.^[3]^[4]^[5]

Career[edit]

Before she was out of her teens, she sold her first screenplay, 1919's L’Apache, which was produced by Thomas Ince for the Famous Players–Lasky Corporation.^[1]^[6] After being added to the studio's scenario department, she continued to pen silent screenplays throughout the 1920s.^[7]^[8]

She easily transitioned into sound films, and in 1933 would become one of the founding members of the Screen Writers Guild.^[9] Over her 40-year career, she accumulated over 100 writing credits.^[7] Buffington's specialty was the Western genre, with almost half of her films falling into that category.^[9]

From the 1930s through the 1950s, she was one of the busiest writers in Hollywood.^[10] She wrote screenplays for most of the well-known Western actors of the period, including Tom Keene in Freighters of Destiny (1931),^[11] John Wayne in Haunted Gold (1932),^[12] Hoot Gibson in A Man's Land,^[13] Buck Jones in 1932's High Speed,^[14] Whip Wilson in Range Land (1949),^[15] and Tim Holt in Overland Telegraph (1951).^[16] She also occasionally wrote comedies for well-known actresses like Lucille Ball (Beauty for the Asking).^[17]

In the early 1940s, under her pseudonym, Jess Bowers, she wrote two separate Western series. The first was for Buck Jones, who appeared as his character, Buck Roberts, in eight "Rough Riders" films, beginning with Arizona Bound,^[18] and finishing with Dawn on the Great Divide in 1942.^[19] The second series was with Johnny Mack Brown, for his character Nevada Mackenzie, for which she authored 10 scripts between 1943 and 1945.^[7]^[20]

Personal life[edit]

Buffington married Edward Vore in Los Angeles in 1926.^[21] As Adele De Vore, she wrote Fangs of Justice (1926) and Tongues of Scandal (1927).

Filmography[edit]

(Per AFI database)^[7]

L'Apache (1919)
Empty Hearts (1924)
The Bloodhound (1925)
The Fighting Cub (1925)
Love on the Rio Grande (1925)
That Man Jack! (1925)
The Cowboy and the Countess (1926)
The Galloping Cowboy (1926)
The Test of Donald Norton (1926)
Blood Will Tell (1927)
Broadway After Midnight (1927)
Eager Lips (1927)
The Broken Mask (1928)
The Avenging Rider (1928)
Bare Knees (1928)
The Chorus Kid (1928)
Coney Island (1928)
Devil Dogs (1928)
Midnight Life (1928)
The Phantom City (1928)
Queen of the Chorus (1928)
The River Woman (1928)
Times Square (1929)
Extravagance (1930)
Just Like Heaven (1930)
The Swellhead (1930)
Aloha (1931)
Freighters of Destiny (1931)
Forgotten Women (1931)
Ghost Valley (1932)
Haunted Gold (1932)
A Man's Land (1932)
Single-Handed Sanders (1932)
The Iron Master (1933)
High Speed (1932)
The Eleventh Commandment (1933)
West of Singapore (1933)
Picture Brides (1933)
Beggar's Holiday (1934)
When Strangers Meet (1934)
Cheaters (1934)
Marrying Widows (1934)
The Moonstone (1934)
The Hell Cat (1934)
Hi, Gaucho! (1935)
Powdersmoke Range (1935)
The Keeper of the Bees (1935)
Lady Tubbs (1935) (uncredited)
The Sheik Steps Out (1937)
The Duke Comes Back (1937)
Michael O'Halloran (1937)
Circus Girl (1937)
Tenth Avenue Kid (1938)
Prison Nurse (1938)
Beauty for the Asking (1939)
Arizona Bound (1941) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Gunman from Bodie (1941) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Forbidden Trails (1941) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Below the Border (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Dawn on the Great Divide (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Down Texas Way (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Ghost Town Law (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Riders of the West (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
West of the Law (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Ghost Rider (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Outlaws of Stampede Pass (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Six Gun Gospel (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Stranger from Pecos (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Texas Kid (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Raiders of the Border (1944) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Bad Men of the Border (1945)
Flame of the West (1945)
Frontier Feud (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Lost Trail (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Navajo Trail (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Stranger from Santa Fe (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Drifting Along (1946)
Shadows on the Range (1946) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Wild Beauty (1946)
Overland Trails (1948) (credited as Jess Bowers )
The Valiant Hombre (1949)
Crashing Thru (1949)
Haunted Trails (1949)
Shadows of the West (1949)
Streets of San Francisco (1949)
West of El Dorado (1949)
Range Land (1949)
Riders of the Dusk (1949) (credited as Jess Bowers )
Western Renegades (1949)
Arizona Territory (1950)
Gunslingers (1950)
Jiggs and Maggie Out West (1950)
Six Gun Mesa (1950)
West of Wyoming (1950)
Overland Telegraph (1951)
Born to the Saddle (1952)
Cow Country (1953)
Bullwhip (1958)

Later life[edit]

In the late 1950s, Buffington would also write a single episode for two different television series: Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok in 1955 and The Restless Gun in 1959. Buffington's final screenplay was for 1958's Bullwhip, which starred Guy Madison and Rhonda Fleming,^[22] after which she retired from the film industry. She spent her later years living at the Motion Picture Country House and Hospital, in Woodland Hills, California, where she died on November 23, 1973.^[10]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b McCreadie, Marsha (1995). "Pioneers". Films in Review. 46.1–2: 58.
^ "Movie Writer Visits the Old Home Town". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. October 26, 1951. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
^ Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921; Page: 284
^ "Becomes Scenario Writer". Akron Evening Times. June 25, 1919. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
^ "Are Hollywood Scenario Writers Lucky?" (PDF). Screenland. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2020. Retrieved July 21, 2020.
^ "L'xx Apache". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d "Adele Buffington". American Film Institute. Retrieved January 26, 2015.
^ "Authoress Elated at Success". The Billings Gazette. December 7, 1919. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Adele S. Buffington". Women Film Pioneers Project. Archived from the original on December 8, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ ^a ^b "Adele Buffington, biography". AllMovie. Archived from the original on April 14, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Freighters of Destiny". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Haunted Gold". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "A Man's Land". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "High Speed". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Range Land". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Overland Telegraph". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Beauty for the Asking". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Arizona Bound". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Dawn on the Great Divide". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Frontier Feud". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.
^ "Writers Ask Accounting of Miss Allen". Los Angeles Evening Express. January 11, 1928. Retrieved March 24, 2020.
^ "Bullwhip". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

External links[edit]

Adele Buffington at IMDb

[FiR-1] McCreadie, Marsha (1995). "Pioneers". Films in Review. 46.1–2: 58.

[2] "Movie Writer Visits the Old Home Town". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. October 26, 1951. Retrieved March 24, 2020.

[3] Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921; Page: 284

[4] "Becomes Scenario Writer". Akron Evening Times. June 25, 1919. Retrieved March 24, 2020.

[5] "Are Hollywood Scenario Writers Lucky?" (PDF). Screenland. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 21, 2020. Retrieved July 21, 2020.

[6] "L'xx Apache". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 26, 2015.

[AFIF-7] "Adele Buffington". American Film Institute. Retrieved January 26, 2015.

[8] "Authoress Elated at Success". The Billings Gazette. December 7, 1919. Retrieved March 24, 2020.

[WFPP-9] "Adele S. Buffington". Women Film Pioneers Project. Archived from the original on December 8, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[Allmovie-10] "Adele Buffington, biography". AllMovie. Archived from the original on April 14, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[11] "Freighters of Destiny". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[12] "Haunted Gold". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on December 23, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[13] "A Man's Land". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[14] "High Speed". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[15] "Range Land". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[16] "Overland Telegraph". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 2, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[17] "Beauty for the Asking". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on March 29, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[18] "Arizona Bound". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on January 22, 2015. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[19] "Dawn on the Great Divide". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[20] "Frontier Feud". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

[21] "Writers Ask Accounting of Miss Allen". Los Angeles Evening Express. January 11, 1928. Retrieved March 24, 2020.

[22] "Bullwhip". American Film Institute. Archived from the original on April 3, 2014. Retrieved January 27, 2015.

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 ==Early life==
-Adele was born in St. Louis to Adolph Burgdorfer and Mary Elizabeth Frederick, both of whom were immigrants from Germany. Before moving to Los Angeles at the age of 16, she worked in a movie theater, where she got to watch countless films.<ref name=FiR>{{cite journal | last=McCreadie | first=Marsha | journal=Films in Review | title=Pioneers | volume=46.1–2 | year=1995 | page=58}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/139812014/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22|title=Movie Writer Visits the Old Home Town|date=26 Oct 1951|website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> Once she arrived in L.A., she got a job selling tickets at a theater in Hollywood; she worked as a treasurer for several theaters during this time period.<ref>''Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921''; Page: ''284''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/228069564/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22|title=Becomes Scenario Writer|date=25 Jun 1919|website=Akron Evening Times|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Are Hollywood Scenario Writers Lucky?|url=https://mk86.net/img/palp/pl3/10.pdf|journal=Screenland}}</ref>
+Adele was born in St. Louis to Adolph Burgdorfer and Mary Elizabeth Frederick, both of whom were immigrants from Germany. Before moving to [[Los Angeles]] at the age of 16, she worked in a movie theater, where she got to watch countless films.<ref name=FiR>{{cite journal | last=McCreadie | first=Marsha | journal=Films in Review | title=Pioneers | volume=46.1–2 | year=1995 | page=58}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/139812014/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22|title=Movie Writer Visits the Old Home Town|date=26 Oct 1951|website=St. Louis Post-Dispatch|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> Once she arrived in Los Angeles, she got a job selling tickets at a theater in Hollywood; she worked as a treasurer for several theaters during this time period.<ref>''Motion Picture Studio Directory and Trade Annual, 1921''; Page: ''284''</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/228069564/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22|title=Becomes Scenario Writer|date=25 Jun 1919|website=Akron Evening Times|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Are Hollywood Scenario Writers Lucky?|url=https://mk86.net/img/palp/pl3/10.pdf|journal=Screenland|access-date=July 21, 2020|archive-date=July 21, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200721051109/https://mk86.net/img/palp/pl3/10.pdf|url-status=dead}}</ref>
 ==Career==
-Before she was out of her teens, she sold her first screenplay, 1919's ''[[L’Apache]]'', which was produced by [[Thomas H. Ince|Thomas Ince]] for the [[Famous Players-Lasky|Famous Players-Lasky Corporation]].<ref name="FiR" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=15443|title=L'xx Apache|publisher=American Film Institute|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402154619/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=15443|archive-date=April 2, 2014|access-date=January 26, 2015}}</ref> After being added to the studio's scenario department, she continued to pen silent screenplays throughout the 1920s.<ref name=AFIF>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/SearchResult.aspx?s=&Type=WP&Tbl=PN&CatID=&ID=7415&searchedFor=Adele_Buffington_&SortType=ASC&SortCol=RELEASE_YEAR | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Adele Buffington | access-date=January 26, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/415394274/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22|title=Authoress Elated at Success|date=7 Dec 1919|website=The Billings Gazette|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref>
+Before she was out of her teens, she sold her first screenplay, 1919's ''[[L’Apache]]'', which was produced by [[Thomas H. Ince|Thomas Ince]] for the [[Famous Players–Lasky Corporation]].<ref name="FiR" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=15443|title=L'xx Apache|publisher=American Film Institute|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402154619/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/DetailView.aspx?s=&Movie=15443|archive-date=April 2, 2014|access-date=January 26, 2015}}</ref> After being added to the studio's scenario department, she continued to pen silent screenplays throughout the 1920s.<ref name=AFIF>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/SearchResult.aspx?s=&Type=WP&Tbl=PN&CatID=&ID=7415&searchedFor=Adele_Buffington_&SortType=ASC&SortCol=RELEASE_YEAR | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Adele Buffington | access-date=January 26, 2015}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/415394274/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22|title=Authoress Elated at Success|date=7 Dec 1919|website=The Billings Gazette|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref>
-She easily transitioned into sound films, and in 1933 would become one of the founding members of the Screen Writers Guild.<ref name="WFPP">{{cite web | url=https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-adele-s-buffington/ | publisher=Women Film Pioneers Project | title=Adele S. Buffington | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208221938/https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-adele-s-buffington/ | archive-date=December 8, 2014}}</ref> Over her 40-year career, she accumulated over 100 writing credits.<ref name="AFIF" /> Buffington's specialty was the [[Western (genre)|Western genre]], with almost half of her films falling into that category.<ref name="WFPP" />
+She easily transitioned into sound films, and in 1933 would become one of the founding members of the [[Screen Writers Guild]].<ref name="WFPP">{{cite web | url=https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-adele-s-buffington/ | publisher=Women Film Pioneers Project | title=Adele S. Buffington | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141208221938/https://wfpp.cdrs.columbia.edu/pioneer/ccp-adele-s-buffington/ | archive-date=December 8, 2014}}</ref> Over her 40-year career, she accumulated over 100 writing credits.<ref name="AFIF" /> Buffington's specialty was the [[Western (genre)|Western genre]], with almost half of her films falling into that category.<ref name="WFPP" />
-From the 1930s through the 1950s, she was one of the busiest writers in Hollywood.<ref name="Allmovie">{{cite web | url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/adele-buffington-p83471 | publisher=AllMovie | title=Adele Buffington, biography | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414134215/http://www.allmovie.com/artist/adele-buffington-p83471 | archive-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> She wrote screenplays for most of the well-known Western actors of the period, including [[Tom Keene (actor)|Tom Keene]] in ''[[Freighters of Destiny]]'' (1931),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4617 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Freighters of Destiny | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329121807/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4617 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref> [[John Wayne]] in ''[[Haunted Gold]]'' (1932),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4915 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Haunted Gold | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223021344/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4915 | archive-date=December 23, 2014}}</ref> [[Hoot Gibson]] in ''A Man's Land'',<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=5378 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=A Man's Land | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329204550/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=5378 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref> [[Buck Jones]] in 1932's ''[[High Speed (1932 film)|High Speed]]'',<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=8417 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=High Speed | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402130430/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=8417 | archive-date=April 2, 2014}}</ref> [[Whip Wilson]] in ''Range Land'' (1949),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=26462 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Range Land | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329131922/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=26462 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref> and [[Tim Holt]] in ''[[Overland Telegraph (film)|Overland Telegraph]]'' (1951).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=50236 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Overland Telegraph | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402170631/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=50236 | archive-date=April 2, 2014}}</ref> She also occasionally wrote comedies for well-known actresses like [[Lucille Ball]] (''[[Beauty for the Asking]]'').<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4687 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Beauty for the Asking | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329023738/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4687 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref>
+From the 1930s through the 1950s, she was one of the busiest writers in Hollywood.<ref name="Allmovie">{{cite web | url=https://www.allmovie.com/artist/adele-buffington-p83471 | publisher=AllMovie | title=Adele Buffington, biography | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140414134215/http://www.allmovie.com/artist/adele-buffington-p83471 | archive-date=April 14, 2014}}</ref> She wrote screenplays for most of the well-known Western actors of the period, including [[Tom Keene (actor)|Tom Keene]] in ''[[Freighters of Destiny]]'' (1931),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4617 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Freighters of Destiny | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329121807/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4617 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref> [[John Wayne]] in ''[[Haunted Gold]]'' (1932),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4915 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Haunted Gold | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141223021344/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4915 | archive-date=December 23, 2014}}</ref> [[Hoot Gibson]] in ''A Man's Land'',<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=5378 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=A Man's Land | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329204550/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=5378 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref> [[Buck Jones]] in 1932's ''[[High Speed (1932 film)|High Speed]]'',<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=8417 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=High Speed | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402130430/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=8417 | archive-date=April 2, 2014}}</ref> [[Whip Wilson]] in ''[[Range Land]]'' (1949),<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=26462 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Range Land | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329131922/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=26462 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref> and [[Tim Holt]] in ''[[Overland Telegraph (film)|Overland Telegraph]]'' (1951).<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=50236 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Overland Telegraph | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140402170631/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=50236 | archive-date=April 2, 2014}}</ref> She also occasionally wrote comedies for well-known actresses like [[Lucille Ball]] (''[[Beauty for the Asking]]'').<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4687 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Beauty for the Asking | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140329023738/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=4687 | archive-date=March 29, 2014}}</ref>
 In the early 1940s, under her pseudonym, Jess Bowers, she wrote two separate Western series. The first was for Buck Jones, who appeared as his character, Buck Roberts, in eight "Rough Riders" films, beginning with ''[[Arizona Bound (1941 film)|Arizona Bound]]'',<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=26598 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Arizona Bound | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150122002632/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=26598 | archive-date=January 22, 2015}}</ref> and finishing with ''[[Dawn on the Great Divide]]'' in 1942.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=27193 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Dawn on the Great Divide | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403142022/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=27193 | archive-date=April 3, 2014}}</ref> The second series was with [[Johnny Mack Brown]], for his character Nevada Mackenzie, for which she authored 10 scripts between 1943 and 1945.<ref name="AFIF" /><ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=24415 | publisher=American Film Institute | title=Frontier Feud | access-date=January 27, 2015 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140403144314/http://www.afi.com/members/catalog/AbbrView.aspx?s=&Movie=24415 | archive-date=April 3, 2014}}</ref>
 == Personal life ==
-Buffington married Edward Vore in Los Angeles in 1926.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/608460579/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22+vore|title=Writers Ask Accounting of Miss Allen|date=11 Jan 1928|website=Los Angeles Evening Express|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref>
+Buffington married Edward Vore in Los Angeles in 1926.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.newspapers.com/image/608460579/?terms=%22adele+buffington%22+vore|title=Writers Ask Accounting of Miss Allen|date=11 Jan 1928|website=Los Angeles Evening Express|language=en|access-date=2020-03-24}}</ref> As Adele De Vore, she wrote ''[[Fangs of Justice]]'' (1926) and ''[[Tongues of Scandal]]'' (1927).
 ==Filmography==
@@ Line 38: / Line 38: @@
 * ''[[L'Apache]]''  (1919)
 * ''[[Empty Hearts]]''  (1924)
-* ''The Bloodhound''  (1925)
+* ''[[The Bloodhound (1925 film)|The Bloodhound]]'' (1925)
-* ''The Fighting Cub''  (1925)
+* ''[[The Fighting Cub]]'' (1925)
 * ''Love on the Rio Grande''  (1925)
-* ''That Man Jack''  (1925)
+* ''[[That Man Jack!]]'' (1925)
 * ''[[The Cowboy and the Countess]]'' (1926)
 * ''[[The Galloping Cowboy]]'' (1926)
@@ Line 48: / Line 48: @@
 * ''[[Broadway After Midnight]]''  (1927)
 * ''[[Eager Lips]]''  (1927)
-* ''The Broken Mask''  (1928)
+* ''[[The Broken Mask]]'' (1928)
 * ''[[The Avenging Rider (1928 film)|The Avenging Rider]]''  (1928)
 * ''[[Bare Knees]]''  (1928)
@@ Line 56: / Line 56: @@
 * ''[[Midnight Life (film)|Midnight Life]]''  (1928)
 * ''[[The Phantom City]]''  (1928)
-* ''Queen of the Chorus''  (1928)
+*''[[Queen of the Chorus]]'' (1928)
 * ''[[The River Woman]]''  (1928)
 * ''[[Times Square (1929 film)|Times Square]]''  (1929)
 * ''[[Extravagance (1930 film)|Extravagance]]''  (1930)
-* ''[[Just Like Heaven (1930 film)|Just Like Heaven]]''  (1930)
+* ''[[Just Like Heaven (1930 film)|Just Like Heaven]]'' (1930)
-* ''The Swellhead''  (1930)
+* ''[[The Swellhead]]''  (1930)
-* ''Aloha''  (1931)
+* ''[[Aloha (1931 film)|Aloha]]''  (1931)
 * ''[[Freighters of Destiny]]''  (1931)
-* ''[[Forgotten Women (1931 film)|Forgotten Women]]''  (1931)
+* ''[[Forgotten Women (1931 film)|Forgotten Women]]'' (1931)
 * ''[[Ghost Valley]]''  (1932)
 * ''[[Haunted Gold]]''  (1932)
 * ''[[A Man's Land]]'' (1932)
 * ''[[Single-Handed Sanders]]'' (1932)
-* ''Iron Master''  (1932)
+* ''[[The Iron Master]]'' (1933)
 * ''[[High Speed (1932 film)|High Speed]]''  (1932)
 * ''[[The Eleventh Commandment (1933 film)|The Eleventh Commandment]]''  (1933)
 * ''[[West of Singapore]]''  (1933)
 * ''[[Picture Brides]]''  (1933)
-* ''Beggar's Holiday''  (1934)
+* ''[[Beggar's Holiday (film)|Beggar's Holiday]]'' (1934)
 * ''[[When Strangers Meet]]''  (1934)
 * ''[[Cheaters (1934 film)|Cheaters]]''  (1934)
-* ''Marrying Widows''  (1934)
+*''[[Marrying Widows]]''  (1934)
 * ''[[The Moonstone (1934 film)|The Moonstone]]''  (1934)
 * ''[[The Hell Cat (1934 film)|The Hell Cat]]''  (1934)
@@ Line 94: / Line 94: @@
 * ''[[The Gunman from Bodie]]''  (1941) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Forbidden Trails]]''  (1941) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''Below the Border''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[Below the Border]]''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Dawn on the Great Divide]]''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Down Texas Way]]''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Ghost Town Law]]''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''Riders of the West''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[Riders of the West]]''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''West of the Law''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[West of the Law]]''  (1942) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''The Ghost Rider''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[The Ghost Rider (1943 film)|The Ghost Rider]]''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Outlaws of Stampede Pass]]''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''Six Gun Gospel''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[Six Gun Gospel]]''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[The Stranger from Pecos]]''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[The Texas Kid]]''  (1943) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Raiders of the Border]]''  (1944) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Bad Men of the Border]]''  (1945)
-* ''Flame of the West''  (1945)
+* ''[[Flame of the West (1945 film)|Flame of the West]]'' (1945)
 * ''[[Frontier Feud]]''  (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''The Lost Trail''  (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[The Lost Trail]]''  (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-* ''The Navajo Trail''  (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[The Navajo Trail]]''  (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Stranger from Santa Fe]]''  (1945) (credited as Jess Bowers )
-*''[[Drifting Along (1946 film)|Drifting Along]]''  (1946)
+* ''[[Drifting Along (1946 film)|Drifting Along]]''  (1946)
 * ''[[Shadows on the Range]]''  (1946) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Wild Beauty]]''  (1946)
-* ''Overland Trails''  (1948) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[Overland Trails (film)|Overland Trails]]''  (1948) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[The Valiant Hombre]]''  (1949)
-* ''Crashing Thru''  (1949)
+* ''[[Crashing Thru (1949 film)|Crashing Thru]]''  (1949)
-* ''Haunted Trails''  (1949)
+* ''[[Haunted Trails]]''  (1949)
 * ''[[Shadows of the West]]''  (1949)
 * ''[[Streets of San Francisco (film)|Streets of San Francisco]]''  (1949)
 * ''[[West of El Dorado]]''  (1949)
-* ''Range Land''  (1949)
+* ''[[Range Land]]''  (1949)
-* ''Riders of the Dusk''  (1949) (credited as Jess Bowers )
+* ''[[Riders of the Dusk]]''  (1949) (credited as Jess Bowers )
 * ''[[Western Renegades]]''  (1949)
-* ''Arizona Territory''  (1950)
+* ''[[Arizona Territory (film)|Arizona Territory]]''  (1950)
-* ''Gunslingers''  (1950)
+* ''[[Gunslingers (film)|Gunslingers]]'' (1950)
 * ''[[Jiggs and Maggie Out West]]''  (1950)
 * ''[[Six Gun Mesa]]''  (1950)
@@ Line 142: / Line 142: @@
 ==References==
 {{reflist|30em}}
+==External links==
+{{commons category|Adele Buffington}}
+*{{IMDb name|0119378}}
 {{authority control}}

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