Ijuin Gorō: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Japanese admiral (1852–1921)}} |
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{{Infobox military person |
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|death_date={{Death date and age|1921|01|13|1852|09|29}}<ref>Nishida, ''Imperial Japanese Navy''</ref> |
|death_date={{Death date and age|1921|01|13|1852|09|29}}<ref>Nishida, ''Imperial Japanese Navy''</ref> |
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|birth_place=[[Kagoshima]], [[Satsuma han|Satsuma]] domain, Japan |
|birth_place=[[Kagoshima]], [[Satsuma han|Satsuma]] domain, Japan |
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|death_place=[[Tokyo]], Japan |
|death_place=[[Tokyo]], [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] |
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|image=Ijuin Goro.jpg |
|image=Ijuin Goro.jpg |
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|image_size=200 |
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|caption= Japanese Admiral Baron Ijūin Gorō |
|caption= Japanese Admiral Baron Ijūin Gorō |
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|allegiance= |
|allegiance={{flag|Empire of Japan}} |
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|branch= |
|branch={{naval|Empire of Japan}} |
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|serviceyears=1871–1917 |
|serviceyears=1871–1917 |
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|rank=[[ |
|rank=[[file:Imperial Japan-Navy-OF-9-collar.svg|30px]] [[File:元帥徽章.svg|20px]] [[Gensui (Imperial Japanese Navy)|Marshal Admiral]] |
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{{family name hatnote|Ijūin|lang=Japanese}} |
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Marshal Admiral '''Baron''' {{nihongo|'''Ijūin Gorō'''|伊集院 五郎||extra=29 September 1852 – 13 January 1921}} was a [[Meiji period|Meiji-period]] career officer in the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. |
Marshal Admiral '''Baron''' {{nihongo|'''Ijūin Gorō'''|伊集院 五郎||extra=29 September 1852 – 13 January 1921}} was a [[Meiji period|Meiji-period]] career officer in the [[Imperial Japanese Navy]]. |
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Sent to [[England]] for study in 1877, Ijūin completed courses at [[Royal Naval College, Greenwich]] and was commissioned a sub-lieutenant on 27 November 1883. Promoted to lieutenant on 20 June 1885, he returned to work on the [[Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff]] (1886–99). He was promoted to lieutenant-commander on 16 October 1890 and received a double promotion to [[Captain (naval)|captain]] on 7 December 1894. During the [[First Sino-Japanese War]] he served as a staff officer at the Imperial Japanese Navy headquarters. He became a close confidant of navy chief Admiral [[Yamamoto Gonnohyoe]], and was an important planner and specialist in naval technology. |
Sent to [[England]] for study in 1877, Ijūin completed courses at [[Royal Naval College, Greenwich]] and was commissioned a sub-lieutenant on 27 November 1883. Promoted to lieutenant on 20 June 1885, he returned to work on the [[Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff]] (1886–99). He was promoted to lieutenant-commander on 16 October 1890 and received a double promotion to [[Captain (naval)|captain]] on 7 December 1894. During the [[First Sino-Japanese War]] he served as a staff officer at the Imperial Japanese Navy headquarters. He became a close confidant of navy chief Admiral [[Yamamoto Gonnohyoe]], and was an important planner and specialist in naval technology. |
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Promoted to [[rear admiral]] on 26 September 1899, Ijūin was a strong proponent of better relations between Japan and the United Kingdom, and worked to develop the [[Anglo-Japanese Alliance]] (1902) from behind the scenes. He was promoted to vice-admiral on 5 September 1903. As an engineer, he also developed the "Ijūin Fuse," making use of the newly developed [[Shimose powder]], which was successfully used in heavy [[naval artillery]] shells during [[Russo-Japanese War]] (1904–05). |
Promoted to [[rear admiral]] on 26 September 1899, Ijūin was a strong proponent of better relations between Japan and the United Kingdom, and worked to develop the [[Anglo-Japanese Alliance]] (1902) from behind the scenes. He was on a diplomatic mission to the United Kingdom in 1902 with Major-General [[Fukushima Yasumasa]], and was awarded an honorary Knight Commander of the [[Order of the Bath]] (KCB).<ref>{{London Gazette|issue=27488|page=6803|date=28 October 1902}}</ref> He was promoted to vice-admiral on 5 September 1903. As an engineer, he also developed the "Ijūin Fuse," making use of the newly developed [[Shimose powder]], which was successfully used in heavy [[naval artillery]] shells during [[Russo-Japanese War]] (1904–05). |
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[[Image:Lettera ambasc.jpg|thumb|right|Letter from [[Vice Admiral]] Ijūin Gorō to [[Regia Marina|Italian Royal Navy]] [[Lieutenant]] [[Ernesto Burzagli]] thanking him for courtesies extended to the [[IJN 2nd Fleet|Imperial Japanese Navy Second Fleet]] which visited Italy in 1907.]] |
[[Image:Lettera ambasc.jpg|thumb|right|Letter from [[Vice Admiral]] Ijūin Gorō to [[Regia Marina|Italian Royal Navy]] [[Lieutenant]] [[Ernesto Burzagli]] thanking him for courtesies extended to the [[IJN 2nd Fleet|Imperial Japanese Navy Second Fleet]] which visited Italy in 1907.]] |
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While commander in chief of the Combined Fleet, Ijūin developed a reputation for being fanatical about training, leading to a popular song among sailors that a week in the Japanese navy was {{nihongo|"Monday-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday-Friday" |月月火水木金金|'Getsu Getsu Ka Sui Moku Kin Kin}}. |
While commander in chief of the Combined Fleet, Ijūin developed a reputation for being fanatical about training, leading to a popular song among sailors that a week in the Japanese navy was {{nihongo|"Monday-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday-Friday" |月月火水木金金|'Getsu Getsu Ka Sui Moku Kin Kin}}. |
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Ijūin was elevated to the title of ''danshaku'' ([[baron]]) in 1907 under the ''[[kazoku]]'' peerage system, became an [[admiral]] on 1 December 1910 and |
Ijūin was elevated to the title of ''danshaku'' ([[baron]]) in 1907 under the ''[[kazoku]]'' peerage system, became an [[admiral]] on 1 December 1910 and [[Gensui (Imperial Japanese Navy)|marshal-admiral]] on 26 May 1915, despite never having actually commanded a ship. |
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His grave is at [[Aoyama Cemetery]] in Tokyo. His son, Admiral [[Matsuji Ijuin|Ijūin Matsuji]], also a career navy officer, perished in [[World War II]] during the [[Battle of Saipan]] in 1944. |
His grave is at [[Aoyama Cemetery]] in Tokyo. His son, the Admiral [[Matsuji Ijuin|Ijūin Matsuji]], also a career navy officer, perished in [[World War II]] during the [[Battle of Saipan]] in 1944. His second son Takeji Ohno was 4th captain of the battleship Yamato. |
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==Notes== |
==Notes== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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*{{cite book |
*{{cite book |
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| last = Dupuy |
| last = Dupuy |
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| first = Trevor N |
| first = Trevor N |
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| |
| year = 1992 |
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| coauthors = |
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| year = 1992 |
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| title = Encyclopedia of Military Biography |
| title = Encyclopedia of Military Biography |
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| publisher = I B Tauris & Co Ltd |
| publisher = I B Tauris & Co Ltd |
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| location = |
| location = |
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| isbn = 1-85043-569-3 |
| isbn = 1-85043-569-3 |
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| url-access = registration |
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⚫ | |||
| url = https://archive.org/details/encyclopediaofmi0000dupu |
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⚫ | |||
*{{cite book |
*{{cite book |
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| last = Hoare |
| last = Hoare |
||
| first = J.E. |
| first = J.E. |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| year = 1999 |
| year = 1999 |
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| title = Britain and Japan: Biographical Portraits, Vol. III |
| title = Britain and Japan: Biographical Portraits, Vol. III |
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| last = Schencking |
| last = Schencking |
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| first = J. Charles |
| first = J. Charles |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| year = 2005 |
| year = 2005 |
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| title = Making Waves: Politics, Propaganda, And The Emergence Of The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1868-1922 |
| title = Making Waves: Politics, Propaganda, And The Emergence Of The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1868-1922 |
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}} |
}} |
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*{{cite book |
*{{cite book |
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| last = Warner |
| last = Warner |
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| first = Denis and Peggy |
| first = Denis and Peggy |
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| authorlink = |
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| coauthors = |
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| year = 1974 |
| year = 1974 |
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| title = The Tide at Sunrise: A History of the Russo-Japanese War', 1904-1905 |
| title = The Tide at Sunrise: A History of the Russo-Japanese War', 1904-1905 |
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| url = https://archive.org/details/tideatsunrisehi00warn |
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⚫ | |||
| url-access = registration |
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⚫ | |||
| location = New York |
| location = New York |
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| isbn = 9780883270318 |
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| id = |
| id = |
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}} |
}} |
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| last = Nishida |
| last = Nishida |
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| first = Hiroshi |
| first = Hiroshi |
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| url = http:// |
| url = http://admiral31.world.coocan.jp/e/px05.htm#f001 |
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| title = Materials of IJN: Ijuin, Goro |
| title = Materials of IJN: Ijuin, Goro |
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| format = |
| format = |
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| work = Imperial Japanese Navy |
| work = Imperial Japanese Navy |
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| access-date = 20 February 2020 |
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| accessdate = 2007-08-03 |
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}} |
}} |
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⚫ | |||
{{s-start}} |
{{s-start}} |
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{{s-mil}} |
{{s-mil}} |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Dewa Shigetō]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[2nd Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)|2nd Fleet]]<br>Commander-in-chief|years=22 November 1906 – 26 May 1908}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Dewa Shigetō]]}} |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Arima Shinichi]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[1st Fleet (Imperial Japanese Navy)|1st Fleet]]<br>Commander-in-chief|years=26 May 1908 – 1 December 1909 }} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Kamimura Hikonojō]]}} |
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{{s-non|reason=<small>Fleet recreated, last held by</small><br>[[Tōgō Heihachirō]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title=[[Combined Fleet]]<br>Commander-in-chief|years=8 October 1908 - 20 November 1908}} |
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{{s-non|reason=<small>Fleet dissolved, next held by</small><br>[[Yoshimatsu Motarō]]}} |
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{{s-bef|before=[[Tōgō Heihachirō]]}} |
{{s-bef|before=[[Tōgō Heihachirō]]}} |
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{{s-ttl|title= |
{{s-ttl|title=[[Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff|Navy General Staff]]<br>Chairman|years=1 December 1909 – 1 December 1914}} |
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{{s-aft|after=[[Shimamura Hayao]]}} |
{{s-aft|after=[[Shimamura Hayao]]}} |
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{{s-end}} |
{{s-end}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Ijuin, Goro}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Ijuin, Goro}} |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:1852 births]] |
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[[Category:1921 deaths]] |
[[Category:1921 deaths]] |
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[[Category:People from Satsuma Domain]] |
[[Category:People from Satsuma Domain]] |
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[[Category:Boshin War]] |
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[[Category:Imperial Japanese Navy marshal admirals]] |
[[Category:Imperial Japanese Navy marshal admirals]] |
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[[Category:People of Meiji-period Japan]] |
[[Category:People of Meiji-period Japan]] |
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[[Category:People of the Boshin War]] |
[[Category:People of the Boshin War]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:Japanese military personnel of the First Sino-Japanese War]] |
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[[Category:Japanese military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War]] |
[[Category:Japanese military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War]] |
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[[Category:Samurai]] |
[[Category:Samurai]] |
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[[Category:Shimazu retainers]] |
[[Category:Shimazu retainers]] |
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Golden Kite]] |
[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Golden Kite]] |
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[[Category:People from Kagoshima]] |
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[[Category:Recipients of the Order of the Plum Blossom]] |
Latest revision as of 02:17, 7 October 2023
Baron Ijūin Gorō | |
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Native name | 伊集院 五郎 |
Born | Kagoshima, Satsuma domain, Japan | September 29, 1852
Died | January 13, 1921[1] Tokyo, Japan | (aged 68)
Allegiance | Empire of Japan |
Service/ | Imperial Japanese Navy |
Years of service | 1871–1917 |
Rank | Marshal Admiral |
Unit |
|
Battles/wars | |
Awards | Order of the Golden Kite (1st class) |
Marshal Admiral Baron Ijūin Gorō (伊集院 五郎, 29 September 1852 – 13 January 1921) was a Meiji-period career officer in the Imperial Japanese Navy.
Life and career[edit]
Born in what is now part of Kagoshima city, as the son of a samurai retainer of Satsuma domain, he fought as a Satsuma samurai and foot soldier during major actions in the Boshin War (1868) against the forces loyal to the Tokugawa Shogunate.
After the Meiji Restoration and the establishment of the new Meiji government, Ijūin moved to Tokyo and entered the 4th class of the Imperial Japanese Naval Academy (1871), and as cadet served on vessels of the early Imperial Japanese Navy. He participated in the Taiwan Expedition (1874), the Ganghwa Island incident off Korea (1875), and the Satsuma Rebellion (1877).
Sent to England for study in 1877, Ijūin completed courses at Royal Naval College, Greenwich and was commissioned a sub-lieutenant on 27 November 1883. Promoted to lieutenant on 20 June 1885, he returned to work on the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff (1886–99). He was promoted to lieutenant-commander on 16 October 1890 and received a double promotion to captain on 7 December 1894. During the First Sino-Japanese War he served as a staff officer at the Imperial Japanese Navy headquarters. He became a close confidant of navy chief Admiral Yamamoto Gonnohyoe, and was an important planner and specialist in naval technology.
Promoted to rear admiral on 26 September 1899, Ijūin was a strong proponent of better relations between Japan and the United Kingdom, and worked to develop the Anglo-Japanese Alliance (1902) from behind the scenes. He was on a diplomatic mission to the United Kingdom in 1902 with Major-General Fukushima Yasumasa, and was awarded an honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath (KCB).[2] He was promoted to vice-admiral on 5 September 1903. As an engineer, he also developed the "Ijūin Fuse," making use of the newly developed Shimose powder, which was successfully used in heavy naval artillery shells during Russo-Japanese War (1904–05).
Ijūin became Vice-Chief of the Navy General Staff during the Russo-Japanese War, successively assumed the positions of commander-in-chief of the IJN 2nd Fleet, the IJN 1st Fleet, the Combined Fleet, and then became Chief of the Imperial Japanese Navy General Staff (1909–14).
While commander in chief of the Combined Fleet, Ijūin developed a reputation for being fanatical about training, leading to a popular song among sailors that a week in the Japanese navy was "Monday-Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday-Friday" (月月火水木金金, 'Getsu Getsu Ka Sui Moku Kin Kin).
Ijūin was elevated to the title of danshaku (baron) in 1907 under the kazoku peerage system, became an admiral on 1 December 1910 and marshal-admiral on 26 May 1915, despite never having actually commanded a ship.
His grave is at Aoyama Cemetery in Tokyo. His son, the Admiral Ijūin Matsuji, also a career navy officer, perished in World War II during the Battle of Saipan in 1944. His second son Takeji Ohno was 4th captain of the battleship Yamato.
Notes[edit]
- ^ Nishida, Imperial Japanese Navy
- ^ "No. 27488". The London Gazette. 28 October 1902. p. 6803.
References[edit]
- Dupuy, Trevor N (1992). Encyclopedia of Military Biography. I B Tauris & Co Ltd. ISBN 1-85043-569-3.
- Hoare, J.E. (1999). Britain and Japan: Biographical Portraits, Vol. III. California, USA: RoutledgeCurzon. ISBN 1-873410-89-1.
- Schencking, J. Charles (2005). Making Waves: Politics, Propaganda, And The Emergence Of The Imperial Japanese Navy, 1868-1922. California, USA: Stanford University Press. ISBN 0-8047-4977-9.
- Warner, Denis and Peggy (1974). The Tide at Sunrise: A History of the Russo-Japanese War', 1904-1905. New York: New York, Charterhouse. ISBN 9780883270318.
External links[edit]
- Nishida, Hiroshi. "Materials of IJN: Ijuin, Goro". Imperial Japanese Navy. Retrieved 20 February 2020.
- 1852 births
- 1921 deaths
- People from Satsuma Domain
- Boshin War
- Imperial Japanese Navy marshal admirals
- People of Meiji-period Japan
- People of the Boshin War
- Japanese military personnel of the First Sino-Japanese War
- Japanese military personnel of the Russo-Japanese War
- Samurai
- Kazoku
- Shimazu retainers
- Recipients of the Order of the Golden Kite
- People from Kagoshima
- Recipients of the Order of the Plum Blossom