Jump to content

Xenocalamus: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous edit
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
→‎Cited references: Renamed to References.
 
(38 intermediate revisions by 26 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
{{Short description|Genus of snakes}}
{{Taxobox
{{Italic title}}
| color = pink
{{Automatic taxobox
| image = Xenocalamus_bicolor.jpg
| image_caption = ''Xenocalamus bicolor'' (Slender Quill-snouted Snake)
| name = ''Xenocalamus''
| name = ''Xenocalamus''
| regnum = [[Animalia]]
| taxon = Xenocalamus
⚫
| authority = [[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1868
| phylum = [[Chordata]]
| subphylum = [[Vertebrata]]
| classis = [[Reptilia]]
| ordo = [[Squamata]]
| subordo = [[Serpentes]]
| familia = [[Atractaspididae]]
| genus = '''''Xenocalamus'''''
⚫
| genus_authority = [[Albert C. L. G. Günther|Günther]], [[1868]]
}}
}}


:'''''Common names:''' (none).''
:'''''Common name:''' quill-snouted snakes.''
'''''Xenocalamus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[venomous snake]]s found in [[Africa]]. Currently, 5 [[species]] are recognized.<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS|ID=700189|taxon=''Xenocalamus''|year=2007|date=29 August}}</ref>
'''''Xenocalamus''''' is a [[genus]] of [[Opisthoglyphous|rear-fanged]] mildly [[venomous snake]]s in the [[Family (biology)|family]] [[Atractaspidinae|Atractaspididae]]. The genus is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Africa]]. Five [[species]] are recognized as being valid.<ref name="ITIS">{{ITIS|id=700189|taxon=''Xenocalamus ''|access-date=29 August 2007}}</ref>

==Description (diagnosis) of genus==
Snakes of the genus ''Xenocalamus'' exhibit the following characters:

Maxillary very short, with five teeth gradually increasing in size and followed, after an interspace, by two large grooved fangs situated below the eye. Anterior mandibular teeth slightly larger than the posterior ones. Palate toothless.

Head small, not distinct from neck. Snout pointed, very prominent, very flattened. Rostral very large with obtuse horizontal edge, flat below. Eye minute, with round pupil. Nostril between two nasals, the posterior nasal very large. No loreal. Prefrontals absent (fused with the frontal). No anterior temporal.

Body cylindrical; tail very short, obtuse.

Dorsal scales smooth, without apical pits, arranged in 17 rows. Ventrals rounded; subcaudals in two rows.<ref>[[George Albert Boulenger|Boulenger GA]] (1896). ''Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ), Amblycephalidæ, and Viperidæ.'' Trustees of the British Museum. London. pp. 247-248.</ref>


==Species==
==Species==
{|cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=1 style="border-collapse: collapse;"
{||cellspacing=0 cellpadding=2 border=1 style="width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;"
⚫
|-
|colspan="100%" align="center" bgcolor="#BBBBFF"|Genus '''''Xenocalamus''''' -- 5 species
⚫
|-
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Species<ref name="ITIS"/>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Species<ref name="ITIS"/>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Authority<ref name="ITIS"/>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Taxon author<ref name="ITIS"/>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Subsp.*<ref name="ITIS"/>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Subspecies*<ref name="ITIS"/>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Common name
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Common name<ref name="RDB">{{NRDB genus|genus=Xenocalamus|date=12 May|year=2009}}</ref>
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Geographic range
!bgcolor="#f0f0f0"|Geographic range<ref name="RDB"/>
|-
|-
|''[[Xenocalamus bicolor|X. bicolor]]''
|''[[Xenocalamus bicolor|X. bicolor]]''
|[[Albert C. L. G. Günther|Günther]], [[1868]]
|[[Albert Günther|Günther]], 1868
|''australis'' <br />''lineatus'' <br />''machadoi'' <br />''maculatus'' <br />''pernasutus''
|align="center"|5
|slender quill-snouted snake
⚫
|
|style="width:40%"|[[Angola]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Republic of South Africa]], [[Mozambique]], [[Zimbabwe]].
|style="width:40%"|
|-
|-
|''[[Xenocalamus mechowii|X. mechowii]]''
|''[[Xenocalamus mechowii|X. mechowii]]''
|[[Wilhelm Peters|Peters]], [[1881]]
|[[Wilhelm Peters|W. Peters]], 1881
|''inornatus''
|align="center"|1
|elongate quill-snouted snake
⚫
|
|[[Namibia]], [[Botswana]], [[Zimbabwe]], [[Zambia]], [[Angola]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[Republic of the Congo|Congo]],
|
|-
|-
|''[[Xenocalamus michelli|X. michelli]]''
|''[[Xenocalamus michelli|X. michelli]]''
|[[Johannes Peter Müller|Müller]], [[1911]]
|[[Lorenz Müller|L. Müller]], 1911
|align="center"|0
|align="center"|————
|Michell's quill-snouted snake
|
|southern [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]].
|
|-
|-
|''[[Xenocalamus sabiensis|X. sabiensis]]''
|''[[Xenocalamus sabiensis|X. sabiensis]]''
|[[:fr:Donald George Broadley|Broadley]], 1971
|Broadley, [[1971]]
|align="center"|0
|align="center"|————
|Sabi quill-snouted snake
|
|[[Zimbabwe]] to [[Mozambique]].
|
|-
|-
|''[[Xenocalamus transvaalensis|X. transvaalensis]]''
|''[[Xenocalamus transvaalensis|X. transvaalensis]]''
|Methuen, [[1919]]
|[[Paul Ayshford Methuen, 4th Baron Methuen|Methuen]], 1919
|align="center"|0
|align="center"|————
|Transvaal quill-snouted snake
|
|North Transvaal and Zululand in [[Republic of South Africa]], southern [[Mozambique]], [[Botswana]].
|
|-
|-
|}
|}
''*) Not including the nominate subspecies (typical form).''
''*) Not including the nominate subspecies.''


==See also==
==See also==
* [[Snakebite]].
*[[Snakebite]].


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==Further reading==
*[[Albert Günther|Günther A]] (1868). "Sixth Account of new Species of Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum". ''Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Fourth Series'' '''1''': 413–429. (''Xenocalamus'', new genus, p.&nbsp;414).
* {{NRDB genus|genus=Xenocalamus|date=29 August|year=2007}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q1006670}}
{{Authority control}}


[[Category:Atractaspididae]]
[[Category:Atractaspididae]]
[[Category:Snake genera]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Albert Günther]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]



{{snake-stub}}
{{Alethinophidia-stub}}

Latest revision as of 17:22, 26 October 2023

Xenocalamus
Xenocalamus bicolor (Slender Quill-snouted Snake)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
Family: Atractaspididae
Subfamily: Aparallactinae
Genus: Xenocalamus
Günther, 1868
Common name: quill-snouted snakes.

Xenocalamus is a genus of rear-fanged mildly venomous snakes in the family Atractaspididae. The genus is endemic to Africa. Five species are recognized as being valid.[1]

Description (diagnosis) of genus[edit]

Snakes of the genus Xenocalamus exhibit the following characters:

Maxillary very short, with five teeth gradually increasing in size and followed, after an interspace, by two large grooved fangs situated below the eye. Anterior mandibular teeth slightly larger than the posterior ones. Palate toothless.

Head small, not distinct from neck. Snout pointed, very prominent, very flattened. Rostral very large with obtuse horizontal edge, flat below. Eye minute, with round pupil. Nostril between two nasals, the posterior nasal very large. No loreal. Prefrontals absent (fused with the frontal). No anterior temporal.

Body cylindrical; tail very short, obtuse.

Dorsal scales smooth, without apical pits, arranged in 17 rows. Ventrals rounded; subcaudals in two rows.[2]

Species[edit]

Genus Xenocalamus -- 5 species
Species[1] Taxon author[1] Subspecies*[1] Common name[3] Geographic range[3]
X. bicolor Günther, 1868 australis
lineatus
machadoi
maculatus
pernasutus 		slender quill-snouted snake Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Botswana, Republic of South Africa, Mozambique, Zimbabwe.
X. mechowii W. Peters, 1881 inornatus elongate quill-snouted snake Namibia, Botswana, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo,
X. michelli L. Müller, 1911 ———— Michell's quill-snouted snake southern Democratic Republic of the Congo.
X. sabiensis Broadley, 1971 ———— Sabi quill-snouted snake Zimbabwe to Mozambique.
X. transvaalensis Methuen, 1919 ———— Transvaal quill-snouted snake North Transvaal and Zululand in Republic of South Africa, southern Mozambique, Botswana.

*) Not including the nominate subspecies.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d "Xenocalamus ". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 29 August 2007.
  2. ^ Boulenger GA (1896). Catalogue of the Snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume III., Containing the Colubridæ (Opisthoglyphæ and Proteroglyphæ), Amblycephalidæ, and Viperidæ. Trustees of the British Museum. London. pp. 247-248.
  3. ^ a b Xenocalamus at the Reptarium.cz Reptile Database. Accessed 12 May 2009.

Further reading[edit]

  • Günther A (1868). "Sixth Account of new Species of Snakes in the Collection of the British Museum". Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., Fourth Series 1: 413–429. (Xenocalamus, new genus, p. 414).


Stub icon

This Alethinophidia article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Xenocalamus&oldid=1182022198"