Naria helvola: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of gastropod}} |
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{{Italic title}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date = August 2021}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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|image = Erosaria helvola 01.JPG |
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|image_caption = Five views of a [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Naria helvola'' |
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|image2 = Helvola_theobroma.jpg |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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|image2_caption = Specimen from Mlandingan Situbondo, East Java |
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| phylum = [[Mollusca]] |
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| classis = [[Gastropoda]] |
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|authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]]) |
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| unranked_familia = clade [[Caenogastropoda]]<br />clade [[Hypsogastropoda]]<br/>clade [[Littorinimorpha]] |
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| superfamilia = [[Cypraeoidea]] |
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|synonyms = |
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| familia = [[Cypraeidae]] |
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| subfamilia = |
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* ''Erosaria helvola'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> |
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|display_parents= 3 |
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| subgenus = |
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| species = '''''E. helvola''''' |
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| binomial = ''Erosaria helvola'' |
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| binomial_authority = (Linnaeus) |
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''''' |
'''''Naria helvola''''', common name: the '''honey cowry''', is a [[species]] of [[sea snail]], a [[cowry]], a marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Cypraeidae]], the cowries.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|1075035|''Naria helvola'' (Linnaeus)||6 January 2019}}</ref> |
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There |
There are three subspecies:<ref name="WoRMS" /> |
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*''Naria helvola bellatrix'' <small>(Lorenz, 2009)</small> |
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*''Naria helvola hawaiiensis'' <small>(Melvill, 1888)</small> |
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*''Naria helvola helvola'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> |
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* ''Naria helvola meridionalis'' <small>(Schilder & Schilder, 1938)</small>: synonym of ''Naria helvola helvola'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> |
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*''Naria helvola'' var. ''callista'' <small>(Shaw, 1909)</small>: synonym of ''Naria helvola helvola'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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These very common small shells reach on average {{convert|15|-|23|mm}} of length, with a maximum size of {{convert|36|mm}} and a minimum size of {{convert|8|mm}}. The basic color of the shell is orange-brown or beige, with many white dots on the top of the dorsum. The underside is orange-brown. In the living cowries the mantle is transparent, with short white papillae. |
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The shell size varies between 8 mm and 36 mm |
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{{Expand section|date=May 2010}} |
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[[File:Erosaria helvola |
[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria helvola.JPG|thumb|''Naria helvola'', lateral view, anterior end towards the right]] |
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==Distribution== |
==Distribution== |
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This species |
This species occurs throughout the Indo-Pacific, along the [[Red Sea]], [[Aldabra]], [[Chagos]], the [[Comores]], the East Coast of [[South Africa]], [[Kenya]], [[Madagascar]], the [[Mascarene]] Basin, [[Mauritius]], [[Mozambique]], [[Réunion]], the [[Seychelles]], [[Somalia]], [[Tanzania]], [[Polynesia]] and [[Hawaii]]. |
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==Habitat== |
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''Naria helvola'' lives in intertidal and shallow subtidal waters or in lagoons, usually hiding during the day under the rocks of the reef. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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;Notes |
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{{reflist}} |
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{{Reflist}} |
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* Verdcourt, B. (1954). ''The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba).'' Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls. |
* Verdcourt, B. (1954). ''The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba).'' Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls. |
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* Burgess, C.M. (1970). ''The Living Cowries''. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey |
* Burgess, C.M. (1970). ''The Living Cowries''. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey |
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* Branch, G.M. et al. (2002). ''Two Oceans''. 5th impression. David Philip, Cate Town & Johannesburg |
* Branch, G.M. et al. (2002). ''Two Oceans''. 5th impression. David Philip, Cate Town & Johannesburg |
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* Lorenz, F. (2017). Cowries. A guide to the gastropod family Cypraeidae. Volume 1, Biology and systematics. Harxheim: ConchBooks. 644 pp. |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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{{Commons category|Naria helvola}} |
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* [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/726886 Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata (10th revised edition), vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae] |
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{{Commonscat|Erosaria helvola}} |
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* [http://www.underwaterkwaj.com/cowry/Erosaria-helvola.htm Underwater] |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q5395365}} |
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[[Category:Cypraeidae]] |
[[Category:Cypraeidae]] |
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[[Category:Gastropods described in 1758]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]] |
Latest revision as of 21:46, 27 December 2023
Naria helvola | |
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Five views of a shell of Naria helvola | |
Specimen from Mlandingan Situbondo, East Java | |
Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Mollusca |
Class: | Gastropoda |
Subclass: | Caenogastropoda |
Order: | Littorinimorpha |
Family: | Cypraeidae |
Subfamily: | Erosariinae |
Genus: | Naria |
Species: | N. helvola
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Binomial name | |
Naria helvola | |
Synonyms[1] | |
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Naria helvola, common name: the honey cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.[1]
There are three subspecies:[1]
- Naria helvola bellatrix (Lorenz, 2009)
- Naria helvola hawaiiensis (Melvill, 1888)
- Naria helvola helvola (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Naria helvola meridionalis (Schilder & Schilder, 1938): synonym of Naria helvola helvola (Linnaeus, 1758)
- Naria helvola var. callista (Shaw, 1909): synonym of Naria helvola helvola (Linnaeus, 1758)
Description[edit]
These very common small shells reach on average 15–23 millimetres (0.59–0.91 in) of length, with a maximum size of 36 millimetres (1.4 in) and a minimum size of 8 millimetres (0.31 in). The basic color of the shell is orange-brown or beige, with many white dots on the top of the dorsum. The underside is orange-brown. In the living cowries the mantle is transparent, with short white papillae.
Distribution[edit]
This species occurs throughout the Indo-Pacific, along the Red Sea, Aldabra, Chagos, the Comores, the East Coast of South Africa, Kenya, Madagascar, the Mascarene Basin, Mauritius, Mozambique, Réunion, the Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania, Polynesia and Hawaii.
Habitat[edit]
Naria helvola lives in intertidal and shallow subtidal waters or in lagoons, usually hiding during the day under the rocks of the reef.
References[edit]
- Notes
- ^ a b c Naria helvola (Linnaeus). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 6 January 2019.
- Verdcourt, B. (1954). The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba). Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls.
- Burgess, C.M. (1970). The Living Cowries. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey
- Branch, G.M. et al. (2002). Two Oceans. 5th impression. David Philip, Cate Town & Johannesburg
- Lorenz, F. (2017). Cowries. A guide to the gastropod family Cypraeidae. Volume 1, Biology and systematics. Harxheim: ConchBooks. 644 pp.
External links[edit]
- Linnaeus, C. (1758). Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Editio decima, reformata (10th revised edition), vol. 1: 824 pp. Laurentius Salvius: Holmiae
- Gastropods.com : Naria helvola helvola; accessed: 6 January 2019
- Underwater