Naria poraria: Difference between revisions

Naria poraria
	A shell of Naria poraria
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Gastropoda
Subclass:	Caenogastropoda
Order:	Littorinimorpha
Family:	Cypraeidae
Genus:	Naria
Species:	N. poraria
Binomial name
	Naria poraria; (Linnaeus, 1758)
Synonyms
	Cypraea poraria Linnaeus, 1758 (basionym); Cypraea coeca Röding, P.F., 1798; Cypraea kauaiensis Melvill, J.C., 1888; Cypraea kawaiensis Melvill, J.C., 1888; Cypraea albinella Melvill, J.C. & R. Standen, 1895; Cypraea wilhelmina Kenyon, A., 1897; Cypraea vibex Kenyon, A., 1902; Cypraea insignis Dautzenberg, Ph., 1903; Erosaria poraria (Linnaeus, 1758); Erosaria poraria theoreta (f) Iredale, T., 1939; Erronea mbalavensis Ladd, H.S., 1945;

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Naria poraria, common name the purple-based cowry or porous cowry, is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.^[1]

Description[edit]

The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average 16–19 millimetres (0.63–0.75 in) of length, with a minimum size of 10 millimetres (0.39 in) and a maximum size of 28 millimetres (1.1 in). The surface of the shell is smooth and shiny, the colors usually range from pale brown to dark brown, with numerous small yellowish spots. The base and the margins are purple (hence the common name), while the teeth are commonly white. In the living cowries the mantle is bright red or purplish, with quite long and slightly tree-shaped sensorial papillae. The lateral flaps of the mantle may hide completely the shell surface and may be quickly retracted into the shell opening. Naria poraria is quite similar to Naria albuginosa, but in the second cowry the purple color of the base is paler.

Distribution[edit]

This species is widely distributed throughout most of the Indo-Pacific, along East Africa (Somalia, Aldabra, Kenya, the Mascarene Basin, Mauritius, Réunion and Tanzania), in the Indian Ocean and in the Pacific Ocean (Chagos, the Seychelles, Sri Lanka, India, Malaysia, Indonesia, New South Wales, New Caledonia, Philippines,^{[citation needed]} Samar Island, Polynesia, Marshall Islands and Hawaii).

Habitat[edit]

Naria poraria lives in shallow intertidal water in tropical reef,^{[citation needed]} mainly at 3–10 metres (9.8–32.8 ft) of depth. It is commonly found on dead corals, under large rocks or in caves.

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b Naria poraria (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 6 January 2019.
^ "Erosaria poraria". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 21 October 2010.

Verdcourt, B. (1954). "The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba)". Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129–144, 17 pls.
Burgess, C. M. (1970). The Living Cowries. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey

External links[edit]

This Cypraeidae-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[WoRMS-1] Naria poraria (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 6 January 2019.

[2] "Erosaria poraria". Gastropods.com. Retrieved 21 October 2010.

[1]

[2]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|Species of gastropod}}
-{{Italic title}}
+{{Speciesbox
-{{Taxobox
-| name = ''Erosaria poraria''
+| image = Naria poraria 01.jpg
+| image_caption = A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Naria poraria''
-| image = Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria.-3.JPG
+| taxon = Naria poraria
-| image_caption =  A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Erosaria poraria'', anterior end towards the right
+| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], [[10th edition of Systema Naturae|1758]])
-| regnum = [[Animal]]ia
+| synonyms_ref =<ref name="WoRMS"/><ref>{{Gastropods.com|key=4|id=84|title=''Erosaria poraria''|access-date=21 October 2010}}</ref>
-| phylum = [[Mollusca]]
-| classis = [[Gastropoda]]
-| unranked_superfamilia = clade [[Caenogastropoda]]<br/>clade [[Hypsogastropoda]]<br/>clade [[Littorinimorpha]]
-| superfamilia = [[Cypraeoidea]]
-| familia = [[Cypraeidae]]
-| subfamilia = [[Erosariinae]]
-| genus = ''[[Erosaria]]''
-| subgenus =
-| species = '''''E. poraria'''''
-| binomial = ''Erosaria poraria''
-| binomial_authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|Linnaeus]], 1758)
-| synonyms_ref =<ref name="WoRMS"/><ref>[http://www.gastropods.com/4/Shell_84.shtml Gastropods.com : ''Erosaria poraria'']; accessed : 21 October 2010</ref>
 | synonyms =
-* ''Cypraea poraria'' Linnaeus, 1758 ([[basionym]])
+* ''Cypraea poraria'' <small>Linnaeus, 1758 ([[basionym]])</small>
-* ''Cypraea coeca'' Röding, P.F., 1798
+* ''Cypraea coeca'' <small>Röding, P.F., 1798</small>
-* ''Cypraea kauaiensis'' Melvill, J.C., 1888
+* ''Cypraea kauaiensis'' <small>Melvill, J.C., 1888</small>
-* ''Cypraea kawaiensis'' Melvill, J.C., 1888
+* ''Cypraea kawaiensis'' <small>Melvill, J.C., 1888</small>
-* ''Cypraea albinella'' Melvill, J.C. & R. Standen, 1895
+* ''Cypraea albinella'' <small>Melvill, J.C. & R. Standen, 1895</small>
-* ''Cypraea wilhelmina'' Kenyon, A., 1897
+* ''Cypraea wilhelmina'' <small>Kenyon, A., 1897</small>
-* ''Cypraea vibex'' Kenyon, A., 1902
+* ''Cypraea vibex'' <small>Kenyon, A., 1902</small>
-* ''Cypraea insignis'' Dautzenberg, Ph., 1903
+* ''Cypraea insignis'' <small>Dautzenberg, Ph., 1903</small>
-* ''Erosaria poraria theoreta'' (f) Iredale, T., 1939
+* ''Erosaria poraria'' <small>(Linnaeus, 1758)</small>
+* ''Erosaria poraria theoreta'' (f) <small>Iredale, T., 1939</small>
-* ''Erronea mbalavensis'' Ladd, H.S., 1945
+* ''Erronea mbalavensis'' <small>Ladd, H.S., 1945</small>
 }}
-'''''Erosaria poraria''''', [[common name]] the '''Purple-based Cowry''' or '''Porous Cowry''', is a [[species]] of [[sea snail]], a [[cowry]], a marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Cypraeidae]], the cowries.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|216857|''Erosaria poraria'' (Linnaeus, 1758)|||WoRMS (2009). Erosaria poraria (Linnaeus, 1758). Accessed through the [[World Register of Marine Species]] at http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=216857</nowiki> on 21 October 2010}}</ref>
+'''''Naria poraria''''', [[common name]] the '''purple-based cowry''' or '''porous cowry''', is a [[species]] of [[sea snail]], a [[cowry]], a marine [[gastropod]] [[mollusk]] in the [[family (biology)|family]] [[Cypraeidae]], the cowries.<ref name="WoRMS">{{WRMS species|1075025|''Naria poraria'' (Linnaeus, 1758)||6 January 2019}}</ref>
 ==Description==
-The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average {{convert|16|-|19|mm}} of length, with a minimum size of {{convert|10|mm}} and a maximum size of {{convert|28|mm}}. The surface of the shell is smooth and shiny, the colors usually range from pale brown to dark brown, with numerous small yellowish spots. The base and the margins are purple (hence the common name), while the teeth are commonly white. In the living cowries the mantle is bright red or purplish, with quite long and slightly tree-shaped sensorial papillae. The lateral flaps of the mantle may hide completely the shell surface and may be quickly retracted into the shell opening. ''Erosaria poraria'' is quite similar to ''Erosaria albuginosa'', but in the second cowry the purple color of the base is paler.
+The shells of these quite common cowries reach on average {{convert|16|-|19|mm}} of length, with a minimum size of {{convert|10|mm}} and a maximum size of {{convert|28|mm}}. The surface of the shell is smooth and shiny, the colors usually range from pale brown to dark brown, with numerous small yellowish spots. The base and the margins are purple (hence the common name), while the teeth are commonly white. In the living cowries the mantle is bright red or purplish, with quite long and slightly tree-shaped sensorial papillae. The lateral flaps of the mantle may hide completely the shell surface and may be quickly retracted into the shell opening. ''Naria poraria'' is quite similar to ''[[Naria albuginosa]]'', but in the second cowry the purple color of the base is paler.
 {|
-||[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria.-2.JPG|thumb|220px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Erosaria poraria'', lateral view, anterior end towards the right]]
+||[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria.-2.JPG|thumb|220px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Naria poraria'', lateral view, anterior end towards the right]]
-||[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria-1.JPG|thumb|220px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Erosaria poraria'', dorsal view, anterior end towards the left]]
+||[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria-1.JPG|thumb|220px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Naria poraria'', dorsal view, anterior end towards the left]]
-|||[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria.JPG|thumb|220px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Erosaria poraria'', dorsal view, anterior end towards the left]]
+|||[[File:Cypraeidae - Erosaria poraria.JPG|thumb|220px|left|A [[gastropod shell|shell]] of ''Naria poraria'', dorsal view, anterior end towards the left]]
 |}
 ==Distribution==
-This species is widely distributed throughout most of the Indo-Pacific, along [[East Africa]] ([[Somalia]], [[Aldabra]], [[Kenya]], the [[Mascarene]] Basin, [[Mauritius]], [[Réunion]] and [[Tanzania]]), in the [[Indian Ocean]] and in the [[Pacific Ocean]] ([[Chagos]], the [[Seychelles]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]], [[Malaysia]], [[Indonesia]], [[New South Wales]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Philippines]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title = Physico-chemical Parameters and Macrobenthic Invertebrates of the Intertidal Zone of Gusa, Cagayan de Oro City, Philippines|url = https://www.academia.edu/17269986/Physico-chemical_Parameters_and_Macrobenthic_Invertebrates_of_the_Intertidal_Zone_of_Gusa_Cagayan_de_Oro_City_Philippines|website = www.academia.edu|accessdate = 2015-12-08}}</ref>, [[Samar Island]], [[Polynesia]], [[Marshall Islands]] and [[Hawaii]]).
+This species is widely distributed throughout most of the Indo-Pacific, along [[East Africa]] ([[Somalia]], [[Aldabra]], [[Kenya]], the [[Mascarene]] Basin, [[Mauritius]], [[Réunion]] and [[Tanzania]]), in the [[Indian Ocean]] and in the [[Pacific Ocean]] ([[Chagos]], the [[Seychelles]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[India]], [[Malaysia]], [[Indonesia]], [[New South Wales]], [[New Caledonia]], [[Philippines]],{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} [[Samar Island]], [[Polynesia]], [[Marshall Islands]] and [[Hawaii]]).
 ==Habitat==
-''Erosaria poraria'' lives in shallow intertidal water in tropical reef<ref name=":0" />, mainly at {{convert|3|-|10|m}} of depth. It is commonly found on dead corals, under large rocks or in caves.
+''Naria poraria'' lives in shallow intertidal water in tropical reef,{{citation needed|date=November 2019}} mainly at {{convert|3|-|10|m}} of depth. It is commonly found on dead corals, under large rocks or in caves.
 ==References==
-{{reflist}}
+{{Reflist}}
-* Verdcourt, B. (1954). ''The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba)''. Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society 22(4) 96: 129-144, 17 pls.
+* Verdcourt, B. (1954). "The cowries of the East African Coast (Kenya, Tanganyika, Zanzibar and Pemba)". ''Journal of the East Africa Natural History Society'' 22(4) 96: 129–144, 17 pls.
-* Burgess, C.M. (1970). The Living Cowries. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey
+* Burgess, C. M. (1970). ''The Living Cowries''. AS Barnes and Co, Ltd. Cranbury, New Jersey
 ==External links==
@@ Line 53: / Line 45: @@
 * [http://www.underwaterkwaj.com/cowry/Erosaria-poraria.htm Erosaria poraria]
 * [http://clade.ansp.org/obis/search.php/8427 Clade]
-* [http://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id142728/ Biolib]
+* [https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id142728/ Biolib]
 * [http://www.cypraea.eu/species/poraria.htm Cypraea.eu]
+{{Taxonbar|from=Q10758975}}
-{{DEFAULTSORT:Erosaria poraria}}
 [[Category:Cypraeidae]]
-[[Category:Animals described in 1758]]
+[[Category:Gastropods described in 1758]]
+[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
 {{Cypraeidae-stub}}