Michniów: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 51°0′29″N 20°50′38″E / 51.00806°N 20.84389°E / 51.00806; 20.84389
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| settlement_type = Village
| settlement_type = Village
| total_type =  
| total_type =  
|image_skyline =Mauzoleum Michniów 01 ssj 20061227.jpg
| image_skyline = Mauzoleum Michniów 02 ssj 20061227.jpg
| image_caption = Mausoleum to victims of pacification
| image_flag =
| image_shield =
| image_flag =
| image_map =
| image_shield =
| image_map =
| image_caption = Mass grave of Michniów massacre victims
⚫
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| coordinates_region = PL
⚫
| subdivision_type = [[Countries of the world|Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_name = {{POL}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[Voivodeships of Poland|Voivodeship]]
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| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Gmina]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Suchedniów|Suchedniów]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Gmina Suchedniów|Suchedniów]]
⚫
| coordinates = {{coord|51|0|29|N|20|50|38|E|region:PL|display=title,inline}}
| latd = 51
| latm = 0
| lats = 29
| latNS = N
| longd = 20
| longm = 50
| longs = 38
| longEW = E
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_map = Poland
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| pushpin_label_position = bottom
| elevation_m =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 440
| population_total = 440
| website = }}
| website =
}}
'''Michniów''' {{IPAc-pl|'|m|i|h|ń|u|f}} is a [[village]] in the administrative district of [[Gmina Suchedniów]], within [[Skarżysko County]], [[Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship]], in south-central Poland. It lies approximately {{convert|5|km|mi|0}} south of [[Suchedniów]], {{convert|14|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south-west of [[Skarżysko-Kamienna]], and {{convert|22|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-east of the regional capital [[Kielce]].<ref name="TERYT">{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=Polish}}</ref>
'''Michniów''' {{IPA-pl|ˈmixɲuf|pron}} is a [[village]] in the administrative district of [[Gmina Suchedniów]], within [[Skarżysko County]], [[Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship]], in south-central Poland. It lies approximately {{convert|5|km|mi|0}} south of [[Suchedniów]], {{convert|14|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} south-west of [[Skarżysko-Kamienna]], and {{convert|22|km|mi|0|abbr=on}} north-east of the regional capital [[Kielce]].<ref name="TERYT">{{cite web |url=http://www.stat.gov.pl/broker/access/prefile/listPreFiles.jspa |title=Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal) |date=2008-06-01 |language=Polish}}</ref>

The village has a population of 440.


==Michniów massacre==
==Michniów massacre==
[[File:Mauzoleum Michniów 01 ssj 20061227.jpg|thumb|left|upright|Mass grave of Michniów massacre victims]]
⚫
During [[World War II]], region of Michniów was occupied by the Germans from September 1939 until January 1945. Under the occupation, it was one of centres of the Polish [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|underground partisan]] movement. On 12 and 13 July [[1943]], a population of Michniów was massacred by the German Police units (of the 17th and the 22nd Police Regiments), for helping the partisans.<ref name=mwk>{{pl icon}} [http://www.mwk.com.pl/index.php?id=27 Michnów] at Muzeum Wsi Kieleckiej</ref> After the first massacre on 12 July, the partisans headed by [[Jan Piwnik]] "Ponury", made a retaliatory assault on a train, and on the next day, the Germans returned to continue the massacre. At least 203 inhabitants were killed, many of them burned alive - 103 males, 53 women and 47 children. Further 11 persons - the only ones suspected by the Germans for underground activities - were sent to [[Auschwitz concentration camp]], where 6 died.<ref name=mwk/> The village was next completely burned.
{{Main|Michniów massacre}}
{{Further|Pacifications of villages in German-occupied Poland}}
⚫
During [[World War II]], the region of Michniów was occupied by the Germans from September 1939 until January 1945. Under [[Occupation of Poland|the occupation]], it was one of the local centres of the Polish [[Polish resistance movement in World War II|underground resistance]] movement. On 12–13 July 1943, the population of Michniów was massacred by the [[Ordnungspolizei#Police Battalions|German Police units]] of the 17th and the 22nd Police Regiments,<ref name=mwk>[http://mwk.com.pl/pl/sg/nasze_obiekty/mauzoleum_martyrologii_wsi_polskich_w_michniowie/ Michnów Mausoleum] at Muzeum Wsi Kieleckiej {{in lang|pl}}</ref> commanded by Hauptmann Gerulf Mayer,<ref name=hild>Bogdan Hildebrandt (in Polish), ''Partyzantka na Kielecczyźnie 1939-1945'', Wydawnictwo MON, Warsaw 1970, p. 173-174</ref> in punishment for the partisan activity in the area. In the first massacre, on 12 July 1943, 98 men were burned alive locked in barns. The same night, the partisans headed by [[Jan Piwnik]] "Ponury", made a retaliatory assault on a German train from Kraków to Warsaw.<ref name=hild/> The Germans returned to the village the next day and committed a second punitive massacre. During two days, at least 203 inhabitants were killed: 103 men, 53 women and 47 children. After ad hoc investigation, a further 11 persons, the only ones suspected by the Germans of underground activities, were sent to [[Auschwitz concentration camp]], where 6 died.<ref name=mwk/> The village was then completely burned.


After the war, Michniów was settled again. The village became one of most known symbols of [[Pacification operations in German-occupied Poland|the German atrocities in Poland]]. From early 1980s, a museum and mausoleum of all Poland's massacred villages was built in Michniów.<ref name=mwk/>
After the war, Michniów was resettled again. The village became one of the best-known symbols of the Nazi German [[Pacification operations in German-occupied Poland|atrocities committed in rural Poland]], although there were several greater massacres. From early 1980s, on the initiative of the ''[[Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce]]'' a museum and a mausoleum to all Polish pacified villages was built in Michniów.<ref name=mwk/>


{{commons|Category:Michniów}}
==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}
⚫
*{{pl icon}} [http://www.mwk.com.pl/index.php?id=27 Michnów] at Muzeum Wsi Kieleckiej (Kielce Region Countryside Museum) page [retrieved 19-7-2010]
<br>
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{{Gmina Suchedniów}}
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{{coord|51|0|29|N|20|50|38|E|region:PL_type:city|display=title}}


==External links==
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[[Category:Villages in Skarżysko County|Michniow]]
{{Commons category|Michniów}}
{{Skarżysko-geo-stub}}
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090821113215/http://www.mwk.com.pl/index.php?id=27 Michnów] at Muzeum Wsi Kieleckiej (Kielce Regional Folk Museum), retrieved 19-7-2010.

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{{Gmina Suchedniów}}
{{Authority control}}


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[[Category:Villages in Skarżysko County]]
[[nl:Michniów]]
[[pl:Michniów]]

Latest revision as of 07:07, 13 March 2024

Michniów
Village
Mausoleum to victims of pacification
Mausoleum to victims of pacification
Michniów is located in Poland
Michniów
Michniów
Coordinates: 51°0′29″N 20°50′38″E / 51.00806°N 20.84389°E / 51.00806; 20.84389
Country Poland
VoivodeshipŚwiętokrzyskie
CountySkarżysko
GminaSuchedniów
Population
440

Michniów pronounced [ˈmixɲuf] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Suchedniów, within Skarżysko County, Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship, in south-central Poland. It lies approximately 5 kilometres (3 mi) south of Suchedniów, 14 km (9 mi) south-west of Skarżysko-Kamienna, and 22 km (14 mi) north-east of the regional capital Kielce.[1]

Michniów massacre[edit]

Mass grave of Michniów massacre victims
Main article: Michniów massacre
Further information: Pacifications of villages in German-occupied Poland

During World War II, the region of Michniów was occupied by the Germans from September 1939 until January 1945. Under the occupation, it was one of the local centres of the Polish underground resistance movement. On 12–13 July 1943, the population of Michniów was massacred by the German Police units of the 17th and the 22nd Police Regiments,[2] commanded by Hauptmann Gerulf Mayer,[3] in punishment for the partisan activity in the area. In the first massacre, on 12 July 1943, 98 men were burned alive locked in barns. The same night, the partisans headed by Jan Piwnik "Ponury", made a retaliatory assault on a German train from Kraków to Warsaw.[3] The Germans returned to the village the next day and committed a second punitive massacre. During two days, at least 203 inhabitants were killed: 103 men, 53 women and 47 children. After ad hoc investigation, a further 11 persons, the only ones suspected by the Germans of underground activities, were sent to Auschwitz concentration camp, where 6 died.[2] The village was then completely burned.

After the war, Michniów was resettled again. The village became one of the best-known symbols of the Nazi German atrocities committed in rural Poland, although there were several greater massacres. From early 1980s, on the initiative of the Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce a museum and a mausoleum to all Polish pacified villages was built in Michniów.[2]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Central Statistical Office (GUS) - TERYT (National Register of Territorial Land Apportionment Journal)" (in Polish). 2008-06-01.
  2. ^ a b c Michnów Mausoleum at Muzeum Wsi Kieleckiej (in Polish)
  3. ^ a b Bogdan Hildebrandt (in Polish), Partyzantka na Kielecczyźnie 1939-1945, Wydawnictwo MON, Warsaw 1970, p. 173-174

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Michniów.
  • Michnów at Muzeum Wsi Kieleckiej (Kielce Regional Folk Museum), retrieved 19-7-2010.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Michniów&oldid=1213468248"