Kielce
| Kielce Kjelzy |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Holy Cross | ||
| Powiat : | District-free city | ||
| Area : | 109.45 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 53 ′ N , 20 ° 39 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 260 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 195.266 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 25-001 to 25-900 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 41 | ||
| License plate : | TK | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Krakow - Warsaw | ||
| Rail route : | Warsaw – Krakow | ||
| Kielce – Czestochowa | |||
| Next international airport : | Krakow Airport | ||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Surface: | 109.45 km² | ||
| Residents: | 195.266 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Population density : | 1784 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Community number ( GUS ): | 2661011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2018) | |||
| City President : | Bogdan Wenta | ||
| Address: | Rynek 1 25-303 Kielce |
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| Website : | www.um.kielce.pl | ||
Kielce [ 'kʲɛlt͡sɛ (] , German Kjelzy ) is the capital of the Province of the Holy Cross in southeastern Poland , some 120 km from Krakow and about 170 km from the capital Warsaw area. With around 200,000 inhabitants, Kielce is in seventeenth place on the list of cities in Poland .
The independent city in the Holy Cross Mountains is the seat of two universities and the Kielce diocese of the Roman Catholic Church of Poland . Kielce is a processing and trading center for agricultural products and an important location for the metal and food industries .
history
St. Adalbert's Church was built in the 10th century . Later a church was added on the castle hill.
Kielce was mentioned for the first time in 1212.
In 1227 the city received town charter. In the second half of the 13th century, the city suffered from the Mongol storm . However, she quickly recovered.
In the 14th century, Kielce was granted Magdeburg city rights. In 1496 it received its coat of arms from the Archbishop of Gniezno , Cardinal Friedrich Jagiello , from the Jagiellonian family . The golden letters CK mean Civitas Kielcensis (Citizenship of Kielce).
With the development of iron ore mining , Kielce grew rapidly in the 16th and 17th centuries. The city was shaped by the influx of Italians, Hungarians, Germans and Slovaks. In 1645 it had about 1250 inhabitants. During this time the city received a castle, the Church of the Holy Trinity, a Bernardine monastery and a hospital. The attack by the Swedes and the ensuing turmoil caused by looting and epidemics stopped the positive development.
Due to the third partition of Poland , Kielce fell to Austria in 1795 and was annexed to Galicia . Kielce became the seat of one of the 13 counties in Western Galicia . In 1809 the Duchy of Warsaw became part of the Duchy of Warsaw , which from 1815 was under Russian rule as Congress Poland . Kielce won against Miechów , Pilica and Pińczów as a candidate for the new capital of Kraków Voivodeship in 1816 after the Kraków Republic was spun off with Kraków . In 1837 the Evangelical Augsburg congregation in Kielce was spun off from Radom .
The upswing at the end of the 19th and beginning of the 20th century was particularly noticeable in Kielce through the connection to the Polish railway network in 1885. The first census in the Russian Empire in 1897 found a population of 23,178.
In 1919 Kielce became the capital of the voivodeship of the same name in the re-established Poland . In 1939, 71,000 people lived in the city.
During the German invasion of Poland in 1939, Kielce was occupied by the Wehrmacht . The SS established the Kielce Ghetto in 1941 .
Kielce was also an important center of the Polish resistance. Various partisan groups were active in and around Kielce ( Hubalczycy ). But also secret educational institutions up to university level were represented and prevented a complete drop in the level of knowledge. During the Vistula-Oder operation , Kielce was captured by the Red Army on January 15, 1945 .
In July 1946 the Kielce pogrom broke out in the city , in which a local Polish mob attacked Jewish Holocaust survivors and returnees from the Soviet Union under the eyes of the police and army , murdering 42 of them and injuring around 80 others.
traffic
Kielce is on the Warsaw – Krakow and Kielce – Czestochowa railway lines .
Attractions
- National Museum in the originally baroque , former bishop's palace in Kielce
- Kielce Cathedral with Treasury
- Monastery on Karczowka Hill (17th century)
- Town hall in the classicism style (first half of the 19th century)
- Zieliński Palace
- Former prison (from the 19th and 20th centuries)
Jewish Cemetery
In 1868 the Kielce Jewish Community established a cemetery, also known as the Pakosz cemetery. On May 23, 1943, 43 Jewish children between the ages of 15 months and 15 years were shot there by German police units. This event is known as the Kielce Cemetery Massacre .
In 1987 the cemetery was restored with funds from the Nissenbaum Family Foundation and the Kielce Jewish Society in New York, chaired by William Mandell .
education
- The Humanistic and Natural Sciences University of Kielce has existed since 1969 ( Uniwersytet Humanistyczno-Przyrodniczy Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach ).
- The Technical University of Kielce ( Politechnika Świętokrzyska w Kielcach ) has existed in the city since 1974 .
- In 1993 the Kielce School of Economics and Commerce was founded.
Sports
The handball club KS Vive Targi Kielce plays in the highest Polish league and won the Champions League in 2016 .
The football club Korona Kielce plays in the top Polish football league Ekstraklasa .
politics
City President
At the head of the city administration is a city president who is directly elected by the population. Since 2002 this has been Wojciech Lubawski.
In the 2018 election, Lubawski ran its own election committee, but was also supported by the PiS . The vote brought the following result:
- Bogdan Wenta (electoral committee “Bogdan-Wenta-Project Heiligkreuz”) 37.6% of the votes
- Wojciech Lubawski (Election Committee Wojciech Lubawski) 29.2% of the vote
- Piotr Liroy-Marzec ( KORWiN ) 16.0% of the vote
- Artur Gierada ( Koalicja Obywatelska ) 7.4% of the vote
- Krzystof Adamczyk ( Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe ) 4.5% of the vote
- Marcin Chłodniki ( Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej / Lewica Razem ) 4.1% of the vote
- Remaining 1.1% of the vote
This made a runoff between Wenta and Lubawski necessary, in which the former national handball player and coach Wenta prevailed against the previous incumbent with 61.3% of the votes.
City council
The city council consists of 25 members and is directly elected. The 2018 city council election led to the following result:
- Prawo i Sprawiedliwość (PiS) 27.9% of the vote, 11 seats
- Election committee “Bogdan-Wenta-Project Heiligkreuz” 19.9% of the votes, 7 seats
- Koalicja Obywatelska (KO) 18.1% of the vote, 6 seats
- Sojusz Lewicy Demokratycznej (SLD) / Lewica Razem (Razem) 7.5% of the votes, 1 seat
- Polskie Stronnictwo Ludowe (PSL) 7.2% of the vote, no seat
- Election Committee Wojciech Lubawski 7.1% of the vote, no seat
- KORWiN 5.3% of the votes, no seat
- Kukiz'15 4.0% of the vote, no seat
- Election committee non-party self-administrators 2.1% of the vote, no seat
- Remaining 0.9% of the vote, no seat
Twin cities
Sister cities of Kielce are
- Gotha , Germany
- Vinnytsia , Ukraine
- Budapest , Hungary
- Ramla , Israel
- Orange , France
- Yuyao , People's Republic of China
The city works with the cities of Sandviken in Sweden and Bacău in Romania without any explicit partnership agreements.
Personalities
sons and daughters of the town
- Leo Pantocsek (1812–1893), Hungarian chemist and photography pioneer
- Władysław Skłodowski (1832–1902), teacher, biologist, journalist and translator
- Fyodor Ippolitowitsch Shcherbatskoi (1866–1942), Russian Indologist with a focus on Buddhism
- Leopold Binental (1886–1944), musicologist and teacher
- Marian Suski (1905-1993), fencer
- Szmul Potasznik (1909–1943), Jewish-Marxist resistance fighter, executed in Belgium
- Leon Rodal (1913–1943), journalist, activist of the revisionist-Zionist party, co-founder and one of the leaders of the Jewish military association Żydowski Związek Wojskowy
- Leszek Drogosz (1933-2012), boxer
- Bohdan Andrzejewski (* 1942), fencer
- Krzysztof Janik (* 1950), politician and political scientist
- Radosław Nowakowski (* 1955), author, translator, publisher and percussionist
- Marek Pravda (* 1956), diplomat
- Włodzimierz Pawlik (* 1958), jazz pianist and composer
- Bartłomiej Sienkiewicz (* 1961), politician
- Michał Sołowow (* 1962), entrepreneur
- Kazimierz Michał Ujazdowski (* 1964), politician, member of the European Parliament
- Dagmara Domińczyk (* 1976), American actress
- Maja Wolny (* 1976), author
- Tomasz Tłuczyński (* 1979), handball player
- Marika Domińczyk (* 1980), American actress
- Edyta Herbuś (* 1981), dancer and actress
- Paweł Brożek (* 1983), football player
- Piotr Brożek (* 1983), football player
People related to Kielce
- Karl Hans Drechsel (1904–1946), from 1940 city governor in Kielce
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .
- ↑ Demoscope.ru/weekly
- ↑ Christian Deutschmann: The hatred broke loose. The pogrom in Kielce, Poland . In: FAZ , June 10, 2010
- ^ Result on the website of the election commission, accessed on July 29, 2020.
- ^ Result on the website of the election commission, accessed on July 29, 2020.
- ^ Website Kielce