Western Galicia
Western Galicia (also New Galicia ) was the name of the part of the Kingdom of Poland that came to Austria with the Third Partition of Poland in 1795 and was united with the Crown Land of Galicia , which had been Austrian since the First Partition of Poland in 1772.
The name Western Galicia is a little misleading, as it was connected to the previous crown land in the north. It lay on the upper Vistula and was bordered to the west by the Pilica and to the north and east by the Bug . It thus included about the north of the historical landscape of Malopolska . Western Galicia was 52,000 km² and had 1.3 million inhabitants. Its main cities were Krakow , Lublin and Kielce . Praga with the eastern foreland of Warsaw were, however, in the division of Prussia .
history
Already during the Kościuszko uprising in 1794 Austrian troops invaded the area around Lublin in order to make clear any claims, especially against Prussia, which was speculating on the acquisition of Krakow. After negotiations with the partition partner Russia and as compensation for the loss of Belgium, Austria was awarded territory with 47,000 km² in the treaties of January 3, 1795 and October 24, 1795. In January 1796, Krakow, which had been occupied by Prussian troops, was finally taken over; the final division could finally be decided by a convention that was concluded on January 26, 1797 in Saint Petersburg .
From 1797 to 1803, this area was under the Kk authorized institution Commission in western Galicia (also Kk authorized westgalizische Hofcommission ), which had its seat in Krakow and the region in the following counties divided:
- Biała District
- Chełm District
- Józefów district
- Kielce district
- Końskie District
- Krakow district
- Lublin district
- Łuków District ( District Administration in Radzyń Podlaski )
- Mińsk District ( District Administration in Wiązowna )
- Radom district
- Sandomierz district (district administration in Opatów from 1798 )
- Siedlce district
In March 1803, the territory was incorporated into the Crown Land of Galicia under a common governor, the number of counties was reduced to the following six:
- Kielce District, Kraków District, Lublin District, Radom District, Siedlce District and Włodawa District (Biała Podlaska District Administration).
After the Peace of Tilsit in 1807, the Duchy of Warsaw was formed from formerly Polish parts of Prussia . An Austrian campaign against the Duchy of Warsaw in 1809 during the Fifth Coalition War resulted in Western Galicia and the city of Zamość, including the district of the same name, being added to the Duchy in the Peace of Schönbrunn .
With the exception of Krakow, the area became part of “ Congress Poland ” in 1815 through the Congress of Vienna, and thus indirectly to Russia .
Administrator
- Commissioner Johann Wenzel von Margelik (1796 to 1801)
- Governor Johann Graf von Trautmannsdorf (1801 to 1803)
- Governor Anton Baum von Apfelhofen (1803 until incorporation into Galicia)
literature
- Tadeusz Mencel: Galicja Zachodnia (1795-1809) , Lublin 1976