Skarżysko-Kamienna
| Skarżysko- Kamienna |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Holy Cross | ||
| Powiat : | Skarżysko-Kamienna | ||
| Area : | 64.16 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 7 ′ N , 20 ° 55 ′ E | ||
| Height : | 250 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 45,068 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Postal code : | 26-100 to 26-115 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 41 | ||
| License plate : | TSK | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | E 77 Kielce - Warsaw | ||
| Rail route : | Radom – Kielce | ||
| Skarżysko-Kamienna – Ostrowiec | |||
| Next international airport : | Łódź , | ||
| Krakow | |||
| Gmina | |||
| Gminatype: | Borough | ||
| Residents: | 45,068 (Jun. 30, 2019) |
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| Community number ( GUS ): | 2610011 | ||
| Administration (as of 2015) | |||
| City President : | Konrad Krönig | ||
| Address: | ul.Sikorskiego 18 26-110 Skarżysko-Kamienna |
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| Website : | www.skarzysko.pl | ||
Skarżysko-Kamienna is a medium -sized town in Poland in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship .
geography
Skarżysko-Kamienna is located in the lowlands of the Kamienna River , 32 km north of Kielce , 35 km south of Radom and 140 km south of Warsaw and 140 km southeast of Łódź .
Geographical location
The city is a railway junction (railway lines Warsaw – Krakow and Łódź – Dębica ) with a marshalling yard and is located on European route 77 , which connects Gdansk with Budapest .
history
In 1173 there was a meeting of knights in the village of Milica , now part of the city, led by Duke Casimir the Righteous . The village of Skarżysko was first mentioned in the 13th century . The ore deposits in the area were an important factor in the development of the city. In 1883 the area was connected to the rail network and the place Bzin received a train station. This led to an upswing in industry, especially foundry and enamel production . In 1911 the Kamienna settlement became an independent municipality. In 1922 it was decided to set up the Państwowa Fabryka Amunicji arms factory "MESKO". On December 22nd, 1922, the Polish Council of Ministers decided to give the municipality the town charter , which was given to it with effect from January 1st, 1923 by Prime Minister Władysław Sikorski . In 1924 the construction of the arms factory was completed, it became an important economic factor of the place. In 1932 2,760 people worked here, in 1936 more than 3,000 and in 1939 more than 4,500, in 1976 23,000 and in 2004 1,200.
In 1928 the city was given its current name Skarżysko-Kamienna . In the same year, the energy company Zakłady Energetyczne Okręgu Radomsko-Kieleckiego (ZEORK) was founded. At the beginning of the Second World War , the city was occupied by the Germans. The place was then an important supply depot for the Polish underground with weapons and ammunition. There were also numerous executions, in January 1940 of 360 people, five months later of 760 people. In 1941, numerous Jewish residents of Skarżysko-Kamienna were shot. A year later, labor camp A was set up, which also functioned as a Jewish camp. There were also camps B and C, which also belonged to HASAG . Workers who were deemed unable to work were shot dead by the works security in the surrounding forests. The camp was closed on August 1, 1944. The Red Army reached the city on January 18, 1945 .
With the end of socialism , unemployment rose and peaked at 5,184 in 1993.
politics
Town twinning
- Kawarna (Bulgaria)
- Stafford (Great Britain)
- Schmerinka (Polish: Żmierinka) (Ukraine)
Culture and sights
Museums
The White Eagle Museum presents a range of military equipment and is the second largest of its kind in Poland. There are tanks , a torpedo boat, airplanes and the like to see.
Buildings
- Sanctuary "Matki Bożej Ostrobramskiej", which is modeled on the Gate of Dawn in Vilnius
- Remains of an old blast furnace from the end of the 18th, beginning of the 19th century
- Factory owner's house, built 1836–1838
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- Włodzimierz Sedlak (1911–1993), honorary citizenship in May 1991
- Edward Materski (1923–2012), bishop, honorary citizen November 25, 1997
- Antoni Heda , Brigade General, member of the Armia Krajowa , honorary citizenship on October 12, 2001
sons and daughters of the town
- Marek Ungier (* 1953), from 1995 to 2004 Minister- State Secretary in the office of President Aleksander Kwaśniewski
- Eugeniusz Józefowski (* 1956), professor at the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan
- Daria Pikulik (* 1997), racing cyclist
- Krzysztof Ratajski (* 1977), darts player
Other personalities associated with the city
- Leopold Staff (1878–1957), Polish poet, died here
Others
- Some scenes from Steven Spielberg's film Schindler's List were filmed on the premises of the MESKO steelworks ; many residents played as extras.
Web links
- Official website of the city (Polish, German, English)
- Website about the city
Footnotes
- ↑ a b population. Size and Structure by Territorial Division. As of June 30, 2019. Główny Urząd Statystyczny (GUS) (PDF files; 0.99 MiB), accessed December 24, 2019 .