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{{Infobox military person
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific_prefix =
|name=Jiang Guangnai
| name = Jiang Guangnai
|native_name=蒋光鼐
| native_name = 蒋光鼐
|native_name_lang=zh-cn
| native_name_lang = zh
|birth_date=17 December 1888
| honorific_suffix =
|death_date={{death date and age|1967|06|08|1888|12|17|df=yes}}
| image = Jiang Guangnai.JPG
|birth_place= [[Dongguan]], [[Guangdong]]
| image_size = 250px
|death_place= [[Beijing]]
| image_upright =
|image=Jiang Guangnai.JPG
| smallimage = <!--If this is specified, "image" should not be.-->
|image_size=200
| alt =
|caption=
| caption =
|nickname=
| order =
|allegiance={{flag|Republic of China (1912–1949)|name=Republic of China}}
| office1 = Governor of [[Fujian Province, Republic of China|Fukien Province]]
|serviceyears=
| term_start1 = 7 December 1932
|rank=[[Lieutenant General]]
| term_end1 = 20 December 1933
|commands= [[19th Route Army]]
|battles=
| deputy1 =
| predecessor1 = Yang Shu-chuang<br>Chen Nai-yuan (acting)<br>Fang Sheng-tao (acting)
|laterwork=
| successor1 = [[Chen Yi (Kuomintang)|Chen Yi]]
| pronunciation =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = 17 December 1888
| birth_place = [[Dongguan]], [[Guangdong]]
| death_date = {{dda|1967|6|8|1888|12|17|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Beijing]], People's Republic of China
| death_cause =
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates =
| citizenship =
| nationality = [[China|Chinese]]
| party = [[Kuomintang]]
| otherparty = <!--For additional political affiliations-->
| height = <!-- "X cm", "X m" or "X ft Y in" plus optional reference (conversions are automatic) -->
| spouse =
| children =
| mother = <!-- may be used (optionally with father parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| father = <!-- may be used (optionally with mother parameter) in place of parents parameter (displays "Parent(s)" as label) -->
| relatives =
| residence =
| education =
| alma_mater =
| occupation =
| profession =
| known_for =
| salary =
| net_worth = <!-- Net worth should be supported with a citation from a reliable source -->
| cabinet =
| committees =
| portfolio =
| awards = <!-- For civilian awards - appears as "Awards" if |mawards= is not set -->
| blank1 =
| data1 =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website = <!--Military service-->
| nickname =
| allegiance = {{flag|Republic of China (1912–1949)|name=Republic of China}}
| branch =
| serviceyears =
| rank = [[Lieutenant General]]
| unit =
| commands = [[19th Route Army]]
| battles =
| mawards = <!-- for military awards - appears as "Awards" if |awards= is not set -->
| military_blank1 =
| military_data1 =
}}
}}

'''Jiang Guangnai''' ({{zh|s=蒋光鼐 |t=蔣光鼐 |p=Jiǎng Guāngnài |w=Chiang Kuang-Nai}}; 17 December 1888–8 June 1967) was a general and statesman in the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] and the [[People's Republic of China]], and was born in [[Dongguan]], [[Guangdong]].
'''Jiang Guangnai''' ({{zh|s=蒋光鼐|t=蔣光鼐|p=Jiǎng Guāngnài|w=Chiang Kuang-nai|j=Zoeng2 Gwong1 Naai5}}; 17 December 1888 – 8 June 1967) was a general and statesman in the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]] and the [[China|People's Republic of China]], and was born in [[Dongguan]], [[Guangdong]].


==Defense of Shanghai==
==Defense of Shanghai==
He became a bodyguard to [[Sun Yat-sen]] and, in 1932, was promoted to General and Commander in Chief of the [[19th Route Army]], leading it in the successful Defense of [[Shanghai]] against [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] invasion in the [[January 28 Incident]].
He became a bodyguard to [[Sun Yat-sen]] and, in 1932, was promoted to general and Commander in Chief of the [[19th Route Army]], leading it in the successful defense of [[Shanghai]] against [[Empire of Japan|Japanese]] invasion in the [[January 28 incident]].


==Fujian Incident==
==Fujian Incident==


After the ceasefire was brokered, the 19th Army was reassigned by Chiang Kai-shek to suppress [[Chinese Communist]] insurrection in [[Fujian]]. They won some battles against the Communists but then negotiated peace with them. Jiang Guangnai joined an insurrection that, on 22 November 1933, established a new [[Fujian People's Government|People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China]] (Chinese: 中華共和國), free from the control of Chiang's Nanjing government. The new Fujian government was not supported other warlords or by all elements of the communists and was quickly crushed by Chiang's armies in January 1934. Jiang escaped with his family to [[Hong Kong]] and the rest of the army was disbanded and reassigned into other units of the National Revolutionary Army.
After the cease-fire was brokered, the 19th Army was reassigned by [[Chiang Kai-shek]] to suppress [[Communist Party of China|Chinese Communist]] insurrection in [[Fujian]]. It won some battles against the Communists but then negotiated peace with them. Jiang Guangnai joined an insurrection that, on 22 November 1933, established a new [[Fujian People's Government|People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China]] ({{zh|links=no|t=中華共和國}}), free from the control of Chiang's Nanjing government. The new Fujian government was not supported by other warlords or by all elements of the communists and was quickly crushed by Chiang's armies in January 1934. Jiang escaped with his family to [[Hong Kong]] and the rest of the army was disbanded and reassigned into other units of the National Revolutionary Army.


==World War II==
==World War II==
During the [[Second Sino-Japanese War]] from 1939 to 1944 he returned to become Deputy Commander in Chief of the 4th War Area. In 1945, Deputy Commander in Chief of the 7th War Area.
During [[WWII]] from 1939 to 1944 he returned to become Deputy Commander in Chief of the 4th War Area and in 1945 Deputy Commander in Chief of the 7th War Area.


==Later years==
==Later years==
After the [[Chinese Civil War]], Mao assigned Jiang to be Minister of Textiles of the new [[People's Republic of China]] from 1950.
After the Communist victory, Mao assigned Jiang to be Minister of Textiles of the new People's Republic of [[China]] from 1950.


Most high-ranking officials struggled with the [[Red Guards (China)|Red Guards]] during the [[Cultural Revolution]]. Jiang, however, was saved by [[Zhou Enlai]]. Zhou carefully and cleverly arranged Jiang to join him and [[Mao Zedong]] on [[Tiananmen]] to inspect the Red Guards, some of whom had just stormed Jiang's home the previous day. During the inspection, Jiang was positioned almost next to Mao. Zhou personally walked over to Jiang in front of the Red Guards, asking him how he was doing after the 'visit' by the Red Guards the day before. In front of Mao, Jiang was quick to reply that the Red Guards were still relatively civilized. After that, the Red Guards did not bother Jiang again. He died in 1967 in Beijing.
Most high-ranking officials struggled with the [[Red Guards]] during the [[Cultural Revolution]]. Jiang, however, was saved by [[Zhou Enlai]]. Zhou carefully and cleverly arranged for Jiang to join him and [[Mao Zedong]] on [[Tiananmen]] to inspect the Red Guards, some of whom had just stormed Jiang's home the previous day. During the inspection Jiang was positioned almost next to Mao. Zhou personally walked over to Jiang in front of the Red Guards, asking him how he was doing after the "visit" by the Red Guards the day before. In front of Mao, Jiang was quick to reply that the Red Guards were still relatively civilized. After that, they did not bother Jiang again. He died in 1967 in Beijing.

== Legacy ==
Jiang Guangnai's residence in Dongguan is now a museum.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://english.gz.gov.cn/gzgoven/s9273/200611/818450.shtml|title=Guangzhou International|website=english.gz.gov.cn|access-date=2018-09-04}}</ref> After his death, his daughter, Jiang Dinggui 蒋定桂 (b. 1947) became a worker in a textile factory, and features on the 5-jiao renminbi note issued in 1972.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}} [[KTLA]] television reporter Liberté Chan is a descendant of Jiang Guangnai.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://lifeofliberte.com/back-to-the-motherland-the-trip-that-taught-me-i-have-a-badass-bloodline|title = Back to the Motherland: The Trip That Taught Me I Have a Badass Bloodline &#124; Life of Liberté}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
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* [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_12.htm Mention in Mao Zedong's autobiography]
* [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/mao/selected-works/volume-1/mswv1_12.htm Mention in Mao Zedong's autobiography]


{{authority control}}
{{Persondata

| NAME =Jiang, Guangnai
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =蒋光鼐 (Chinese)
| SHORT DESCRIPTION =Chinese politician
| DATE OF BIRTH =17 December 1888
| PLACE OF BIRTH =Dongguan, Guangdong, China
| DATE OF DEATH =8 June 1967
| PLACE OF DEATH =Beijing, China
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jiang, Guangnai}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Jiang, Guangnai}}
[[Category:1888 births]]
[[Category:1888 births]]
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[[Category:National Revolutionary Army generals from Guangdong]]
[[Category:National Revolutionary Army generals from Guangdong]]
[[Category:Republic of China warlords from Guangdong]]
[[Category:Republic of China warlords from Guangdong]]
[[Category:People from Dongguan]]
[[Category:People of the Northern Expedition]]
[[Category:People of the Central Plains War]]
[[Category:Politicians from Dongguan]]
[[Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Guangdong]]
[[Category:People's Republic of China politicians from Guangdong]]
[[Category:Government ministers of the People's Republic of China]]

[[Category:Republic of China people who surrendered to the Chinese Communist Party]]

{{china-politician-stub}}
{{china-mil-bio-stub}}

[[ja:蒋光ダイ]]
[[zh:蔣光鼐]]

Latest revision as of 16:31, 18 March 2024

Jiang Guangnai
蒋光鼐
Governor of Fukien Province
In office
7 December 1932 – 20 December 1933
Preceded byYang Shu-chuang
Chen Nai-yuan (acting)
Fang Sheng-tao (acting)
Succeeded byChen Yi
Personal details
Born17 December 1888
Dongguan, Guangdong
Died8 June 1967(1967-06-08) (aged 78)
Beijing, People's Republic of China
NationalityChinese
Political partyKuomintang
Military service
Allegiance Republic of China
RankLieutenant General
Commands19th Route Army

Jiang Guangnai (simplified Chinese: 蒋光鼐; traditional Chinese: 蔣光鼐; pinyin: Jiǎng Guāngnài; Wade–Giles: Chiang Kuang-nai; Jyutping: Zoeng2 Gwong1 Naai5; 17 December 1888 – 8 June 1967) was a general and statesman in the Republic of China and the People's Republic of China, and was born in Dongguan, Guangdong.

Defense of Shanghai[edit]

He became a bodyguard to Sun Yat-sen and, in 1932, was promoted to general and Commander in Chief of the 19th Route Army, leading it in the successful defense of Shanghai against Japanese invasion in the January 28 incident.

Fujian Incident[edit]

After the cease-fire was brokered, the 19th Army was reassigned by Chiang Kai-shek to suppress Chinese Communist insurrection in Fujian. It won some battles against the Communists but then negotiated peace with them. Jiang Guangnai joined an insurrection that, on 22 November 1933, established a new People's Revolutionary Government of the Republic of China (Chinese: 中華共和國), free from the control of Chiang's Nanjing government. The new Fujian government was not supported by other warlords or by all elements of the communists and was quickly crushed by Chiang's armies in January 1934. Jiang escaped with his family to Hong Kong and the rest of the army was disbanded and reassigned into other units of the National Revolutionary Army.

World War II[edit]

During WWII from 1939 to 1944 he returned to become Deputy Commander in Chief of the 4th War Area and in 1945 Deputy Commander in Chief of the 7th War Area.

Later years[edit]

After the Communist victory, Mao assigned Jiang to be Minister of Textiles of the new People's Republic of China from 1950.

Most high-ranking officials struggled with the Red Guards during the Cultural Revolution. Jiang, however, was saved by Zhou Enlai. Zhou carefully and cleverly arranged for Jiang to join him and Mao Zedong on Tiananmen to inspect the Red Guards, some of whom had just stormed Jiang's home the previous day. During the inspection Jiang was positioned almost next to Mao. Zhou personally walked over to Jiang in front of the Red Guards, asking him how he was doing after the "visit" by the Red Guards the day before. In front of Mao, Jiang was quick to reply that the Red Guards were still relatively civilized. After that, they did not bother Jiang again. He died in 1967 in Beijing.

Legacy[edit]

Jiang Guangnai's residence in Dongguan is now a museum.[1] After his death, his daughter, Jiang Dinggui 蒋定桂 (b. 1947) became a worker in a textile factory, and features on the 5-jiao renminbi note issued in 1972.[citation needed] KTLA television reporter Liberté Chan is a descendant of Jiang Guangnai.[2]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Guangzhou International". english.gz.gov.cn. Retrieved 2018-09-04.
  2. ^ "Back to the Motherland: The Trip That Taught Me I Have a Badass Bloodline | Life of Liberté".

External links[edit]