Dongguan

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Dongguan
Dongguan Avenue (CBD) 2010.jpg
Dongguan Avenue, 2010
Dongguan (China)
Dongguan
Dongguan
Coordinates 23 ° 2 '  N , 113 ° 43'  E Coordinates: 23 ° 2 '  N , 113 ° 43'  E
Basic data
Country People's Republic of China
region South china
province Guangdong
ISO 3166-2 CN-GD
surface 2465 km²
Residents 8,254,100 (2015)
density 3,348.5  Ew. / km²
Post Code 523000
Telephone code (+86) 769
Time zone China Standard Time (CST) UTC +8
License Plate 粤 p
Website www.dg.gov.cn
economy
GDP ¥ 627.51 billion (2016)

Dongguan ( Chinese  東莞 市  /  东莞 市 , Pinyin Dōngguǎn Shì , Jyutping Dung 1 gun 2 Si 5 , obsolete after Post Tungkun ) is a district-free city in the Chinese province of Guangdong . The city is part of the rapidly growing Pearl River Delta metropolitan area .

geography

Dongguan is located east of the Pearl River where it flows into the China Sea between Guangzhou and Shenzhen . It is bordered by the prefecture-level city of Huizhou to the east and northeast . In order to become independent of the strong fluctuations in the water of the unregulated Pearl River, a shipping canal was built in parallel, which also connects Dongguan with the sea.

The climate is subtropical ; the average temperature in January is 13.4 ° C, the average July temperature is 28.4 ° C. The precipitation is 1,800 mm per year.

history

In 1838/39 in the port of Humen , Dongguan city , opium seized by the British was destroyed by the official Lin Zexu . This led to the First Opium War . The sites of Lin Zexus Opium Destruction Basin and Humen Batteries are on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China today .

In 1985, Dongguan was elevated to a county-level city ( 地 级 市 ) by the Chinese administration on the administrative hierarchy .

economy

New South China Mall (2010)

Dongguan City has long lived from light industry . Due to the numerous factories in and around Dongguan, the city was also considered the most productive city in China. Mainly electrical devices, pharmaceutical products, food, toys, textiles and shoes are manufactured. Dongguan has around 2,000 shoe factories and around 160,000 people work in the four production facilities of the largest shoe manufacturer, Pou Chen . Dongguan became a center of the computer industry, mainly through investments from Hong Kong. In 2008, the city's industrial sector experienced an unprecedented decline with bankruptcies and rising mass unemployment as a result of the global recession

In the meantime, the city is increasingly focusing on retail, with the New South China Mall ( 新 華南 MALL  /  新 华南 MALL , Xinhuánán MALL , Jyutping San 1 waa 1 MALL ) and its 660,000 square meters of shopping area, the currently largest shopping mall (shopping mall) the world built. The aim is to attract buyers from all over the southern Pearl River region. The center, however, suffers from a lack of buyers, around 98 percent of the sales area is unlet, the location of the mall is too much geared towards being accessible by car.

In addition, natural resources such as tungsten , tin and copper are mined.

Between 2009 and April 2014, the city in China was the sex capital of China because of its numerous brothels, with an estimated economic volume of 6 to 20 billion euros in sales.

Dongguan is the headquarters of BBK Electronics , one of the five largest manufacturers of smartphones worldwide.

population

Dongguan is the hometown of many overseas Chinese . About 700,000 people in Hong Kong , Macau , Taiwan and another 200,000 overseas Chinese are from Dongguan.

Population development of the agglomeration according to the UN

With the economic development of the Pearl River Delta, the population increased explosively. In 2017, just under 7.3 million people lived in the actual urban agglomeration of the city of Dongguan. The rest of the population lives in the rural area. Due to advancing urbanization, the agglomeration is expected to have 8.6 million inhabitants by 2035.

year population
1950 92,000
1960 99,000
1970 114,000
1980 137,000
1990 552,000
2000 3,633,000
2010 7,118,000
2017 7,349,000

Administrative structure

Location of Dongguan City in Guangdong Province

Although Dongguan is a district-free city, it has not been divided into further administrative units at the county level (city districts, counties, independent cities). In Dongguan, the county and district levels form a unit that is politically and administratively settled at the district level. At the community level, Dongguan consists of four street districts and 28 large communities . These are:

tourism

Keyuan in Dongguan

In Dongguan, for example, the park area Kěyuán ( 可 園  /  可 园 , Jyutping Ho 1 jyun 4 ) in the village of Boxia ( 博 廈村  /  博 厦村 , Bóxiàcūn , Jyutping Bok 1 haa 1 Cyun 4 ) is worth seeing . One of the four most beautiful gardens of the Lingnan School ( 嶺南 園林  /  岭南 园林 ) in Guangdong Province, Keyuan was built for Zhang Jingxiu , a minister of the Qing Dynasty , and is famous for the light blue bricks that make up the pavilions and Spaces are built. Together with the old buildings of the villages of Nanshecun and Tangweicun , the Quejin-Ting stone tablet , and the former Dalingshan base in the anti-Japanese war, it is on the list of monuments of the People's Republic of China .

Naming

The asteroid (3476) Dongguan , discovered on October 28, 1978, has been named after the city since 1997.

See also

Web links

Commons : Dongguan  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Sybille Rothe: Once the most productive city in China, now there is nothing - ARD daily themed report. In: Tagesthemen (11:00 p.m.). ARD Beijing, December 11, 2008, accessed December 5, 2013 . (Video no longer available)
  2. ↑ Sophia Lee: China's Provinces: Mega City in the Debt Vortex. In: Spiegel Online . November 7, 2012, accessed February 16, 2015 .
  3. ↑ Bernhard Zand: The ruins of Xinhuanan . In: Der Spiegel . No. 14 , 2013, p. 91 ( online ).
  4. ↑ Finn Mayer-Kuckuk: China closes its sex capital. In: handelsblatt.com . April 13, 2014, accessed February 16, 2015 .
  5. ^ World Urbanization Prospects. United Nations - Population Division, accessed July 23, 2018 .
  6. ↑ Minor Planet Circ. 29142 (PDF)