Leonard Lyle, 1st Baron Lyle of Westbourne: Difference between revisions

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Charles Ernest Leonard Lyle, 1st Baron Lyle of Westbourne (22 July 1882 – 6 March 1954)^[1] was a British industrialist and Conservative Party politician.

Early life[edit]

He was born in London, the only son of Charles Lyle and his wife, Mary, née Brown. He was educated at Harrow School and at Trinity Hall, Cambridge.

Business[edit]

The family were major ship-owners who had diversified into sugar refining, and Leonard joined the firm in 1903, and became a director when his father retired in 1909. When Abram Lyle & Sons merged with Henry Tate & Sons in 1921 to form Tate & Lyle. He became a director of the new company, then chairman in 1928, and president in 1937.^[2]

Lyle is best known for leading the opposition to the post-war Labour Government's plans to nationalise the sugar industry. The campaign was fronted by a cartoon character, "Mr Cube", drawn by artist Bobby St John Cooper.^[3]

Sport[edit]

Lyle was a notable athlete who represented Great Britain at lawn tennis, competing the Men's Singles at the Wimbledon Championships in 1922, 1923, and 1924. He became chairman of the Lawn Tennis Association in 1932, having been the first chairman of the International Lawn Tennis Club from 1924 to 1927. He was also president of the Professional Golfers' Association from 1952 to 1954, and was elected a member of the Royal Yacht Squadron in 1952.^[2]

Politics[edit]

He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the Stratford division of West Ham at the 1918 general election, but was defeated at the 1922 general election. He was returned to the House of Commons in 1923 general election for Epping, but stood down at the 1924 general election to make way for Winston Churchill. He did not stand again until 1940, when he was elected as MP for Bournemouth at an unopposed by-election, and held the seat until he was ennobled in October 1945 in Churchill's resignation honours list, having stood aside to make way for Brendan Bracken.^[2]

He was knighted in the King's Birthday Honours 1923,^[4] made a baronet on 22 June 1932,^[5]^[6] and was ennobled on 13 September 1945 as Baron Lyle of Westbourne, of Canford Cliffs in the County of Dorset.^[1]^[7]

Arms[edit]

Coat of arms of Leonard Lyle, 1st Baron Lyle of Westbourne
Crest Upon a mascle fesswise Or interlaced with two sugar canes in saltire a cock Proper. Escutcheon Or a fess Gules fretty of the field between in chief two lions rampant Azure and in base a lymphad Sable flags flying Gules the sail charged with a thistle slipped and leaved also of the field. Supporters On the dexter side a lion Azure charged on the shoulder with a rose Or and on the sinister side a snowgoose wings endorsed Proper. Motto An I May ^[8]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b "Peerages beginning with "L" (part 4)". Leigh Rayment's Peerage pages. Archived from the original on 8 June 2008. Retrieved 21 April 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c Roger Munting (2004). "Lyle, (Charles Ernest) Leonard, first Baron Lyle of Westbourne (1882–1954)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34644. Retrieved 21 April 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
^ "History Timeline: 1949 – Mr Cube takes up arms". Tate & Lyle website. Retrieved 21 April 2009.
^ "No. 32849". The London Gazette. 31 July 1923. p. 5238.
^ "No. 33840". The London Gazette. 28 June 1932. p. 4210.
^ "Baronetcies beginning with "L" (part 3)". Leigh Rayment's Baronetage pages. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 21 April 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)
^ "No. 37287". The London Gazette. 28 September 1945. p. 4814.
^ Burke's Peerage. 1949.

External links[edit]

Parliament of the United Kingdom
New constituency	Member of Parliament for West Ham, Stratford 1918–1922	Succeeded by Thomas Groves
Preceded by Richard Colvin	Member of Parliament for Epping 1923–1924	Succeeded by Winston Churchill
Preceded by Sir Henry Page Croft	Member of Parliament for Bournemouth 1940–1945	Succeeded by Brendan Bracken
Baronetage of the United Kingdom
New creation	Baronet (of Westbourne) 1932–1954	Succeeded by Charles John Leonard Lyle
Peerage of the United Kingdom
New creation	Baron Lyle of Westbourne 1945–1954	Succeeded by Charles John Leonard Lyle

[rayment-peer-1] "Peerages beginning with "L" (part 4)". Leigh Rayment's Peerage pages. Archived from the original on 8 June 2008. Retrieved 21 April 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[DNB-2] Roger Munting (2004). "Lyle, (Charles Ernest) Leonard, first Baron Lyle of Westbourne (1882–1954)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/34644. Retrieved 21 April 2009. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

[3] "History Timeline: 1949 – Mr Cube takes up arms". Tate & Lyle website. Retrieved 21 April 2009.

[4] "No. 32849". The London Gazette. 31 July 1923. p. 5238.

[5] "No. 33840". The London Gazette. 28 June 1932. p. 4210.

[rayment-bt-6] "Baronetcies beginning with "L" (part 3)". Leigh Rayment's Baronetage pages. Archived from the original on 1 May 2008. Retrieved 21 April 2009.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link)

[7] "No. 37287". The London Gazette. 28 September 1945. p. 4814.

[8] Burke's Peerage. 1949.

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[2]

[3]

[4]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{Short description|British tennis player (1882–1954)}}
 {{EngvarB|date=August 2013}}
-{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2013}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
 '''Charles Ernest Leonard Lyle, 1st Baron Lyle of Westbourne''' (22 July 1882&nbsp;– 6 March 1954)<ref name="rayment-peer">{{cite web
  | url   = http://www.leighrayment.com/peers/peersL4.htm
+ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080608044802/http://www.leighrayment.com/peers/peersL4.htm
+ | archive-date = 8 June 2008
  | title = Peerages beginning with "L" (part 4)
  | work  = Leigh Rayment's Peerage pages
+ | url-status = usurped
  | accessdate = 21 April 2009
 }}</ref> was a British industrialist and [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]] politician.
@@ Line 14: / Line 18: @@
 ==Business==
-The family were major ship-owners who had diversified into sugar refining, and Leonard joined the firm in 1903, and became a director when his father retired in 1909. When Abram Lyle & Sons merged with Henry Tate & Sons in 1921 to form [[Tate & Lyle]]. He became a director of the new company, then chairman in 1928, and president in 1937.<ref name="DNB">{{cite web
+The family were major ship-owners who had diversified into sugar refining, and Leonard joined the firm in 1903, and became a director when his father retired in 1909. When Abram Lyle & Sons merged with Henry Tate & Sons in 1921 to form [[Tate & Lyle]]. He became a director of the new company, then chairman in 1928, and president in 1937.<ref name="DNB">{{cite ODNB
  | url    = http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/34644
  | title  = Lyle, (Charles Ernest) Leonard, first Baron Lyle of Westbourne (1882–1954)
  | author = Roger Munting
+ | year = 2004
- | work   = Oxford Dictionary of National Biography
+ | doi = 10.1093/ref:odnb/34644
- | publisher = Oxford University Press
  | accessdate = 21 April 2009
 }}</ref>
@@ Line 30: / Line 34: @@
 ==Politics==
-He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the [[Stratford West Ham (UK Parliament constituency)|Stratford division of West Ham]] at the [[United Kingdom general election, 1918|1918 general election]], but was defeated at the [[United Kingdom general election, 1922|1922 general election]]. He was returned to the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] in [[United Kingdom general election, 1923|1923 general election]] for [[Epping (UK Parliament constituency)|Epping]], but stood down at the [[United Kingdom general election, 1924|1924 general election]] to make way for [[Winston Churchill]]. He did not stand again until 1940, when he was elected as MP for [[Bournemouth (UK Parliament constituency)|Bournemouth]] at an unopposed by-election, and held the seat until he was ennobled in October 1945 in Churchill's resignation honours list, having stood aside to make way for [[Brendan Bracken]].<ref name="DNB" />
+He was elected as Member of Parliament (MP) for the [[Stratford West Ham (UK Parliament constituency)|Stratford division of West Ham]] at the [[1918 United Kingdom general election|1918 general election]], but was defeated at the [[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922 general election]]. He was returned to the [[House of Commons of the United Kingdom|House of Commons]] in [[1923 United Kingdom general election|1923 general election]] for [[Epping (UK Parliament constituency)|Epping]], but stood down at the [[1924 United Kingdom general election|1924 general election]] to make way for [[Winston Churchill]]. He did not stand again until 1940, when he was elected as MP for [[Bournemouth (UK Parliament constituency)|Bournemouth]] at an unopposed by-election, and held the seat until he was ennobled in October 1945 in Churchill's resignation honours list, having stood aside to make way for [[Brendan Bracken]].<ref name="DNB" />
 He was knighted in the [[King's Birthday Honours]] 1923,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=32849 |date=31 July 1923 |page=5238}}</ref>  made a [[baronet]] on 22 June 1932,<ref>{{London Gazette |issue=33840 |date=28 June 1932 |page=4210}}</ref><ref name="rayment-bt">{{cite web
  | url   = http://www.leighrayment.com/baronetage/baronetsL3.htm
+ | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080501224940/http://www.leighrayment.com/baronetage/baronetsL3.htm
+ | archive-date = 1 May 2008
  | title = Baronetcies beginning with "L" (part 3)
  | work  = Leigh Rayment's Baronetage pages
+ | url-status = usurped
  | accessdate = 21 April 2009
 }}</ref> and was ennobled on 13 September 1945 as '''Baron Lyle of Westbourne''', of [[Canford Cliffs]] in the County of [[Dorset]].<ref name="rayment-peer" /><ref>{{London Gazette |issue=37287 |date=28 September 1945 |page=4814}}</ref>
+==Arms==
+{{Infobox COA wide
+|escutcheon = Or a fess Gules fretty of the field between in chief two lions rampant Azure and in base a lymphad Sable flags flying Gules the sail charged with a thistle slipped and leaved also of the field.
+|crest = Upon a mascle fesswise Or interlaced with two sugar canes in saltire a cock Proper.
+|supporters = On the dexter side a lion Azure charged on the shoulder with a rose Or and on the sinister side a snowgoose wings endorsed Proper.
+|motto = An I May <ref>{{cite book|title=Burke's Peerage |date=1949}}</ref>}}
 ==References==
@@ Line 51: / Line 65: @@
 {{s-ttl
  | title  = Member of Parliament for [[Stratford West Ham (UK Parliament constituency)|West Ham, Stratford]]
- | years  = [[United Kingdom general election, 1918|1918]]–[[United Kingdom general election, 1922|1922]]
+ | years  = [[1918 United Kingdom general election|1918]]–[[1922 United Kingdom general election|1922]]
 }}
 {{s-aft | after = [[Thomas Groves]] }}
 {{succession box
  | title  = Member of Parliament for [[Epping (UK Parliament constituency)|Epping]]
- | years  = [[United Kingdom general election, 1923|1923]]–[[United Kingdom general election, 1924|1924]]
+ | years  = [[1923 United Kingdom general election|1923]]–[[1924 United Kingdom general election|1924]]
  | before = [[Richard Colvin (British Army officer)|Richard Colvin]]
  | after  = [[Winston Churchill]]
@@ Line 62: / Line 76: @@
 {{succession box
  | title  = Member of Parliament for [[Bournemouth (UK Parliament constituency)|Bournemouth]]
- | years  = [[Bournemouth by-election, 1940|1940]]–[[Bournemouth by-election, 1945|1945]]
+ | years  = [[1940 Bournemouth by-election|1940]]–[[1945 Bournemouth by-election|1945]]
  | before = [[Henry Page Croft, 1st Baron Croft|Sir Henry Page Croft]]
  | after  = [[Brendan Bracken, 1st Viscount Bracken|Brendan Bracken]]
@@ Line 69: / Line 83: @@
 {{s-new | creation }}
 {{s-ttl
- | title = [[Baron Lyle of Westbourne|Lyle Baronets]]<br />'''(of Westbourne)'''
+ | title = [[Baron Lyle of Westbourne|Baronet]]<br />'''(of Westbourne)'''
  | years = 1932–1954
 }}
@@ Line 86: / Line 100: @@
 [[Category:1954 deaths]]
 [[Category:Alumni of Trinity Hall, Cambridge]]
-[[Category:Baronets in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom]]
-[[Category:Barons in the Peerage of the United Kingdom]]
-[[Category:British male tennis players]]
 [[Category:Conservative Party (UK) MPs for English constituencies]]
 [[Category:Conservative Party (UK) hereditary peers]]
 [[Category:English industrialists]]
 [[Category:English male tennis players]]
+[[Category:British male tennis players]]
 [[Category:Knights Bachelor]]
 [[Category:People educated at Harrow School]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1918–22]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1918–1922]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1923–24]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1923–1924]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1935–45]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1935–1945]]
-[[Category:UK MPs 1945–50]]
+[[Category:UK MPs 1945–1950]]
+[[Category:UK MPs who were granted peerages]]
+[[Category:Tennis players from Greater London]]
+[[Category:Barons created by George VI]]
+[[Category:20th-century English businesspeople]]