Sztutowo: Difference between revisions
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'''Sztutowo''' ([[German language|German]] ''Stutthof'') is a village in county [[Nowy Dwór Gdański]], [[Pomeranian Voivodship]], [[Poland]] . |
'''Sztutowo''' ([[German language|German]] ''Stutthof'') is a village in county [[Nowy Dwór Gdański]], [[Pomeranian Voivodship]], [[Poland]] located about 38 [[km]] (24 [[mi]]) east of [[Gdańsk]] (''Danzig'') on the northeastern edge of the [[Vistula]] [[River delta|delta]], at the base of the [[Vistula Spit]] on the [[Baltic Sea|Baltic]] coast. |
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== History == |
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The town is notable in two historical respects. It was the birthplace of German [[philosopher]] [[Arthur Schopenhauer]] (February 22, 1788–September 21, 1860). The town was also the site of the German [[Nazi concentration camp]] [[Stutthof concentration camp|Stutthof]], which is now a museum. |
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=== Early history === |
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Located about a day's journey (38 [[km]] or 24 [mi]) west of the [[Hanseatic]] city of [[Danzig]] along the post-road to [[Königsberg]] (now [[Kaliningrad]]), Stutthof had been known since the beginning of the [[thirteenth century]] as a fishing settlement in the region controlled by the [[Teutonic Order]]. It eventually came under the control of the Dukes of [[Eastern Pomerania]]. A [[coaching inn]] and [[stud farm]] (German ''Stute'' "mare"; ''Gestüt'' "stud" + ''Hof'' "court, estate") were founded here in 1432 in to provide refreshment and fresh horses for the coaches, and the settlement developed into a village. |
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=== Later history === |
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After the [[Thirteen Years' War]] Stutthof came under the control of Danzig. At that time an estate and manor were founded in Stutthof, and an agrarian settlement developed nearby. It is recorded that [[Tsar]] [[Peter the Great]] stayed in Stutthof in the year 1716. One of the lessees of the manor was the father of the famous German [[Pessimism|pessimist]] [[Philosophy|philosopher]], [[Arthur Schopenhauer]] (February 22, 1788–September 21, 1860), who was born here. |
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=== World War Two === |
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In 1939 at the beginning of [[Second World War]] the [[Nazi]]s built a [[Stutthof concentration camp|concentration camp]] here, which received its first prisoners on September 2nd of that year. The camp eventually developed into a huge complex with branches throughout northern Poland by the time it was liberated in May of 1945 by the [[Red Army]]. More than 110,000 persons of twenty-five nationalities from nineteen countries were imprisoned, and it is estimated that more than 60,000 of them perished here. Located to the west of the current village, the site is now a Polish national museum.[http://www.stutthof.pl/] |
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== Economy == |
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Sztutowo is presently an agricultural, fishing, and tourist center, with numerous guest houses, spas, campgrounds, and recreational facilities. It has numerous seaside activities and a close proximity to a Polish national nature preserve and bird sanctuary. |
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* [http://www.mierzeja.de/ The Vistula Spit] (in Polish and German) |
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[[Category:Villages in Poland]] |
[[Category:Villages in Poland]] |
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Revision as of 02:51, 3 February 2007
Sztutowo (German Stutthof) is a village in county Nowy Dwór Gdański, Pomeranian Voivodship, Poland located about 38 km (24 mi) east of Gdańsk (Danzig) on the northeastern edge of the Vistula delta, at the base of the Vistula Spit on the Baltic coast.
History
Early history
Located about a day's journey (38 km or 24 [mi]) west of the Hanseatic city of Danzig along the post-road to Königsberg (now Kaliningrad), Stutthof had been known since the beginning of the thirteenth century as a fishing settlement in the region controlled by the Teutonic Order. It eventually came under the control of the Dukes of Eastern Pomerania. A coaching inn and stud farm (German Stute "mare"; Gestüt "stud" + Hof "court, estate") were founded here in 1432 in to provide refreshment and fresh horses for the coaches, and the settlement developed into a village.
Later history
After the Thirteen Years' War Stutthof came under the control of Danzig. At that time an estate and manor were founded in Stutthof, and an agrarian settlement developed nearby. It is recorded that Tsar Peter the Great stayed in Stutthof in the year 1716. One of the lessees of the manor was the father of the famous German pessimist philosopher, Arthur Schopenhauer (February 22, 1788–September 21, 1860), who was born here.
World War Two
In 1939 at the beginning of Second World War the Nazis built a concentration camp here, which received its first prisoners on September 2nd of that year. The camp eventually developed into a huge complex with branches throughout northern Poland by the time it was liberated in May of 1945 by the Red Army. More than 110,000 persons of twenty-five nationalities from nineteen countries were imprisoned, and it is estimated that more than 60,000 of them perished here. Located to the west of the current village, the site is now a Polish national museum.[1]
Economy
Sztutowo is presently an agricultural, fishing, and tourist center, with numerous guest houses, spas, campgrounds, and recreational facilities. It has numerous seaside activities and a close proximity to a Polish national nature preserve and bird sanctuary.
External links
- The Vistula Spit (in Polish and German)
- Stutthof National Museum
54°20′N 19°11′E / 54.333°N 19.183°E
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