Limoniastrum monopetalum
| Limoniastrum monopetalum | |
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| Species: | L. monopetalum
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| Binomial name | |
| Limoniastrum monopetalum | |
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Bubania monopetala (L.) Girard Statice monopetala L. | |
Limoniastrum monopetalum (grand statice), is a species of flowering plant in the family Plumbaginaceae that is native to between Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia. It has
It has
Description
It is an ornamental deciduous shrub that grows to 1 metre in height, with pale blue plumbago-like flowers appearing in autumn as the leaves start to turn red.[2]
A small shrub, much branched, branch ends terete, conspicuously grey, to 1 m high; common in the desert zone, often on unstable sand; of the north and south coasts of the Mediterranean, and penetrating the Sahara along the northernmost limits of the W Afr[3]
long thread-like and tufted fine roots (ephemeral roots produced in a wet season and vanish afterwards) the wide spread of the roots helps the plant withstand the high salinity conditions. they can also travel down to at least 50cm to reach the water table. [4]
Limoniastrum monopetalum A shrublet , belonging to the family Plumbaginaceae , with a whitish grey aspect . Its stiff, narrowly spathulate leaves and the branches are densely beset with white calcareous tubercles . It is a cushion plant , an [5]
Foliage: Evergreen, Smooth Foliage Color; Bronze Height: 36-48 in. (90-120 cm) Bloom Color: Lavender Bloom Time: Mid Spring, Late Spring/Early Summer[6]
Biochemistry
In this study, ten kinds of leaf extracts were used to examine the effect of extraction solvent system with varying polarities on polyphenol contents and DPPH scavenging activity. Then the superoxide scavenging activity and the reducing power of the most promising solvent extracts were evaluated too. Moreover, the efficiency of the best leaf extract has been investigated against pathogenic bacteria and yeast. Eventually leaf extract was hydrolyzed by acid and the phenolics identified by RP-HPLC. Results showed that phenolic contents and antioxidant activities varied considerably as function of solvent polarity. Leaf extract using pure methanol showed the highest polyphenol content (15.85mg GAE/g DW). Moreover, antiradical capacities against DPPH. [7][8]
The phytoremediation potential of the halophyte Limoniastrum monopetalum for the removal of Cd and Pb from polluted sites is assessed in this work.
Analysis of the salt excretion crystals on the leaf surface confirmed that wild and cultivated ornamental L. monopetalum excrete cadmium and lead through their salt glands as a possible metal detoxification mechanism, although the amount excreted by the ornamental L. monopetalum is significantly less.
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an evergreen shrub inhabiting the Mediterranean region, has well-documented phytoremediation potential for metal removal from polluted sites. [9]
Due to its fleshy, silvery blue-green leaves and its impressive bright pink, drying violet, inflorescences during summer,[10]
Taxonomy
It is known in Mali as 'zeïta' and 'zita' in Arabic.[3]
The Latin specific epithet monopetalum refers to 'mono' and 'petal' meaning one petal.[11]
Using an earlier description by Carl Linneaus when he had named it as Statice monopetala in his book Species Plantarum in 1753.[12] After the genus Statice was re-classified as 'Limoniastrum', it was then first published as Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss by Pierre Edmond Boissier in 'Prodromus Systematis Naturalis Regni Vegetabilis' Vol.12 on page 689 in 1848.[1][13]
It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service on 9 August 1995, as Limoniastrum monopetalum,[14] and it is an RHS Accepted name and was last-listed in the RHS Plant Finder in 2016.[15]
Distribution and habitat
L. monopetalum is native to temperate areas between Europe, Northern Africa and Western Asia.[14]
Range
It is found in Europe, in the Mediterranean countries of Portugal,[15][16] Spain, France, Greece,Cite error: A <ref> tag is missing the closing </ref> (see the help page).
In Egypt, it is found on the dunes of the salt marsh around Lake Manzala and Lake Mariut, on the west Mediterranean coast and also the salt marshes near Sallum.[17]
Habitat
Primary production and nutrient content in two salt marsh species, Atriplex portulacoides L. and Limoniastrum monopetalum L., in Southern Portugal [16]
Description The Limoniastrum is a type of perennial plant that is usually found in mountainous and solar areas without great vegetation.[18]
Limoniastrum monopetalum is a perennial halophyte growing at different habitats along the Mediterranean Sea coast of Egypt. The morpho-anatomical and physiological responses was investigated for L. monopetalum leaves collected from; wet salt marshes, coastal sand dunes and rocky ridges habitats. [19]
Cultivation
Water Requirements: Drought-tolerant; suitable for xeriscaping Sun Exposure: Full Sun Spacing: 4-6 ft. (1.2-1.8 m) Hardiness: USDA Zone 10a: to -1.1 °C (30 °F) - USDA Zone 11: above 4.5 °C (40 °F) Soil pH requirements: 6.6 to 7.5 (neutral) - 7.6 to 7.8 (mildly alkaline)[6]
Rooting and establishment of Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss stem-tip cuttings[10]
Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss (Statice monopetala L., Plumbaginaceae) is a small, evergreen shrub, with much-branched, leafy stems, native in coastal sands and salt marshes in southern Greece and other Mediterranean countries (Blamey and Grey-Wilson, 1993). it is used as an ornamental plant recently.[10] Its adaptation to a variety of environmental stresses like salinity, water deficit, intense radiation or high temperatures (Neves et al., 2008) and its growth on soil poor in organic matter content (Salama, 2007), make
Cuttings collected in winter or spring rooted at higher percentages than those collected in summer or autumn
L. monopetalum an ideal plant for xeriscaping and landscape architecture in semi-arid Mediterranean areas, especially in poor, saline, neglected or degraded soils. Its ecological value, as sand accumulator, salt tolerant, windbreak (Salama, 2007) and inhibitor of soil erosion should not be ignored, while it can grow in oil-contaminated soils (Hussein and Terry, 2002) and has the potential of phytoremediation of heavy metals from polluted sites (Cambrollé et al., 2013; Manousaki et al., 2014). L. monopetalum is rich in nutritive values and thus mass production of its vegetative yield could be raw material for fodder industries (Neves et al., 2007; Zahran and El-Amier, 2013). Moreover it is rich in phenolics, so it could constitute a source of natural antioxidants for human consumption, as well as for agro-food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries (Trabelsi et al., 2010, 2012, 2013)[10]
Cultivars
Botanical name Limoniastrum monopetalum 'Carnaval'
Other names Statice monopetala, Bubania monopetala, Grand statice 'Carnaval', Shrubby statice 'Carnaval'
Genus Limoniastrum Variety or Cultivar 'Carnaval' _ 'Carnaval' is a mound-forming, frost hardy, evergreen subshrub with fleshy, spoon-shaped to narrowly lance-shaped, grey-green leaves and magenta flowers from early summer to early autumn.[20]
Uses
Limoniastrum monopetalum is a traditional medicinal species which a leaf infusion exhibits anti-dysenteric properties against infectious diseases.[7]
(camels, stock) Agri-horticulture: fodder (gypsum, salt) Agri-horticulture: indicators (soil, water) Products: fuel and lighting[3]
Soil Contamination
(El-Hammra station, the main crude oil pipeline terminal in Al-Alamein) is contaminated with crude oil spill as a result of activities from refineries, oilfield blowouts, tanker and pipeline break-ups. This area, prior to contamination, was dominated by different common halophytes. However, Limoniastrum monopetalum is now the only species found growing in the oil-contaminated soil.[21]
The phytoremediation potential of the halophyte Limoniastrum monopetalum for the removal of Cd and Pb from polluted sites is assessed in this work. Analysis of the salt excretion crystals on the leaf surface confirmed that wild and cultivated ornamental L. monopetalum excrete cadmium and lead through their salt glands as a possible metal detoxification mechanism, although the amount excreted by the ornamental L. monopetalum is significantly less. [22]
References
- ^ a b "Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss. is an accepted name". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ Kristo Pienaar (1 August 2003). South African 'What Flower Is That'?. Struik. pp. 81–82. ISBN 978-1-86872-441-3. Retrieved 5 January 2013.
- ^ a b c H.M. Burkill, 1985. The useful plants of west tropical Africa, Vol. 4.
- ^ Helmut Lieth and A.A. Al Masoom (editors) Towards the rational use of high salinity tolerant plants: Vol 1. Deliberations about High Salinity Tolerant Plants and Ecosystems (1990), p. 398, at Google Books
- ^ Magyar Tudományos Akadémia (Hungarian Academy of Sciences) Acta Botanica - Volumes 15-16 (1969), p. 9, at Google Books
- ^ a b "PlantFiles: Limoniastrum". Dave's Garden. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ a b Trabelsi, Najla; Megdiche, Wided; Ksouri, Riadh; Falleh, Hanen; Oueslati, Samia; Soumaya, Bourgou; Hajlaoui, Hafedh; Abdelly, Chedly (2010). "Solvent effects on phenolic contents and biological activities of the halophyte Limoniastrum monopetalum leaves". Food Science and Technology International. 43 (4): 632–639. Retrieved 30 December 2015.
- ^ Q. Ashton Acton (Editor) Issues in Food Production, Processing, and Preparation: 2011 Edition, p. 377, at Google Books
- ^ Slama, Houda Ben; Triki, Mohamed Ali; Bouket, Ali Chenari; Mefteh, Fedia Ben; Alenezi, Faizah N.; Luptakova, Lenka; Cherif-Silini, Hafsa; Vallat, Armelle; Oszako, Tomasz; Gharsallah, Neji; Belbahri, Lassaad (2019). "Screening of the High-Rhizosphere Competent Limoniastrum monopetalum Culturable Endophyte Microbiota Allows the Recovery of Multifaceted and Versatile Biocontrol Agents". Microorganisms. 7 (8): 249. doi:10.3390/microorganisms7080249. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ a b c d Akoumianaki-Ioannidou, Anastasia; Martini, A.N.; Papafotiou, M. (January 2016). "Rooting and establishment of Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss stem-tip cuttings". African Journal of Plant Science. 10 (1): 23–31.
- ^ Allen J. Coombes The A to Z of Plant Names: A Quick Reference Guide to 4000 Garden Plants, p. 50, at Google Books
- ^ "Statice monopetala | International Plant Names Index". www.ipni.org. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
- ^ "Limoniastrum monopetalum | International Plant Names Index". www.ipni.org. International Plant Names Index.
- ^ a b "Limoniastrum monopetalum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture.
- ^ a b "Limoniastrum monopetalum | /RHS Gardening". www.rhs.org.uk. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ a b Neves, J. P.; Ferreira, L. F.; Simões, M. P.; Gazarini, L. C. (June 2007). "Primary production and nutrient content in two salt marsh species, Atriplex portulacoides L. and Limoniastrum monopetalum L., in Southern Portugal". Estuaries and Coasts. 30: 459–468.
- ^ M.A. Zahran and A.J. Willis The Vegetation of Egypt 2nd Edt. (2009), p. 263, at Google Books
- ^ "Limoniastrum monopetalum - Varieties — Garden Jardinitis". garden.jardinitis.com. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ El-Maboud, Mohamed M. Abd; Elbar, Ola H. Abd (2020). "Adaptive responses of Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss. growing naturally at different habitats". Plant Physiology Reports. 25: 325–334. Retrieved 7 May 2021.
- ^ "Limoniastrum monopetalum 'Carnaval'". www.shootgardening.co.uk. Retrieved 28 April 2021.
- ^ Hussein, Hussein S.; Terry, Norman (April 2002). "Phytomonitoring the unique colonization of oil-contaminated saline environment by Limoniastrum monopetalum (L.) Boiss in Egypt". Environment International. 28 (1): 127–135.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Manousakiwas invoked but never defined (see the help page).