Cucumaria miniata: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Species of sea cucumber}} |
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{{Taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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| image = Cucumaria main.jpg |
| image = Cucumaria main.jpg |
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| image_width = 250px |
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| authority = ([[Johann Friedrich von Brandt|Brandt]], 1835) |
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| image_caption = ''Cucumaria miniata'' |
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| synonyms = ''Cladodactyla (Polyclados) miniata'' <small>Brandt, 1835</small> |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| synonyms_ref = <ref name=WoRMS>{{cite WoRMS |title=''Cucumaria miniata'' (Brandt, 1835) |year=2022 |id=225807 |access-date=24 August 2022}}</ref> |
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| phylum = [[Echinodermata]] |
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| classis = [[Holothuroidea]] |
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| ordo = [[Dendrochirotida]] |
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| genus = ''[[Cucumaria(genus)|Cucumaria]]'' |
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| species = '''''C. miniata''''' |
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| binomial = ''Cucumaria miniata'' |
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| binomial_authority = [[Brandt]], 1835 |
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}} |
}} |
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'''''Cucumaria miniata''''' is commonly known as the orange [ |
'''''Cucumaria miniata''''' is a species of [[sea cucumber]].<ref name=WoRMS/> It is commonly known as the '''orange sea cucumber'''<ref>[http://www.redorbit.com/education/reference_library/animal_kingdom/echinoderms/1112834473/orange-sea-cucumber-cucumaria-miniata/ Orange Sea Cucumber], Red Orbit</ref> or '''red sea cucumber'''<ref>[http://beachwatchers.wsu.edu/ezidweb/animals/Cucumariaminiata.htm ''Cucumaria miniata'' (Red Sea Cucumber)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100602050452/http://beachwatchers.wsu.edu/ezidweb/animals/Cucumariaminiata.htm |date=2010-06-02 }}, WSU</ref> due to its striking color. This northeast Pacific species is often found wedged in between rocks or crevices at the coast or on docks and can generally be identified by its orange bushy tentacles protruding above the substrate.<ref>Kozloff, E.N. (1993). ''Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest''. Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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''Cucumaria miniata'' is generally orange or reddish brown. They are easily identifiable by their orange coloration and branching tentacles. The body is thick and has five rows of tube feet, separated by smooth, soft skin. Pentameric radial symmetry is present in the five equally spaced rows of feet. The ossicles, which are present in all |
''Cucumaria miniata'' is generally orange or reddish brown. They are easily identifiable by their orange coloration and branching tentacles. The body is thick and has five rows of tube feet, separated by smooth, soft skin. Pentameric radial symmetry is present in the five equally spaced rows of feet. The ossicles, which are present in all echinoderms, are small and scarcely scattered throughout the dermis. Respiration occurs through two aborescent tubes known as respiratory trees that are located in the [[coelom]].<ref>Gotshall, D.N. (2005). ''Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California'', 2nd Edition (Revised).</ref> |
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They have |
They have fifteen sets of feeding arms that fan out into bushy tentacles when fully extended and feed into the mouth which is controlled by a sphincter muscle. Their mouth and anus are at separate ends of the body resulting in a full digestive tract. The lower part of the body is generally wedged in a crevice so often the tentacles are the main part of the organism visible.<ref>Hyman, L. H. (1955). ''The Invertebrates: Echinodermata The Coelomate Bilateria Vol. IV.'' New York: McGraw Hill Book Company</ref> |
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==Size== |
==Size== |
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They can grow to 25 |
They can grow to 25 cm long with tentacles extended and can reach a diameter of 8 cm. The tentacles can reach a diameter of 15 cm. |
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[[File:Orange Sea Cucumber (Cucumaria miniata), SaltSpring.jpg|thumb|At high tide, [[Salt Spring Island]], British Columbia]] |
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⚫ | ''Cucumaria miniata'' can be found from northern [[Alaska]] to northern |
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⚫ | ''Cucumaria miniata'' can be found from northern [[Alaska]] to northern Mexico. They live in rocky areas from the [[intertidal]] zone to a depth of 100 m, and are generally found wedged in crevices on docks or between rocks. Since they have the ability to stay attached to a substrate, they tend to frequent areas with higher currents in order to avoid predation.<ref>Kozloff, E.N. (1993). ''Seashore Life of the Northern Pacific Coast: An Illustrated Guide to Northern California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia''. Seattle: University of Washington Press.</ref> |
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==Predators== |
==Predators== |
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Major predators include ''Solaster stimpsoni'' (the |
Major predators include ''[[Solaster stimpsoni]]'' (the sun star), ''[[Luidia foliolata]]'' (the sand star), and other sea stars. |
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==Feeding== |
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⚫ | ''Cucumaria miniata'' are suspension feeders. They use their bushy [[tentacle]]s to capture [[detritus]] and [[plankton]] from the water column. They then pull the tentacle via the feeding arm into the mouth to remove the food. Small tentacles around the mouth also help prevent food from escaping. Their feeding greatly decreases between November and March, when there is less plankton available.<ref>Lambert, P. (1997). ''Sea Cucumbers of British Columbia, Southeast Alaska, and Puget Sound''. Vancouver: UCB Press.</ref> |
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==Life history== |
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⚫ | ''Cucumaria miniata'' are suspension feeders. They use their bushy |
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⚫ | ''Cucumaria miniata'' [[spawn (biology)|spawn]] from March to May. They extend the anterior portion of their body and release [[egg (biology)|eggs]] and sperm into the water column. The fertilized eggs develop into non-feeding larvae that move slowly and settle near adults. They can live between five and ten years.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=McEuen |first1=F. S. |title=Spawning behaviors of northeast Pacific sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) |journal=Marine Biology |date=1988 |volume=98 |issue=4 |pages=565–585 |doi=10.1007/BF00391548}}</ref> |
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==Life History== |
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==External links== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{Reflist}} |
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*Gotshall, D.N. 2005. Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California, 2nd Edition (Revised). |
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*Hyman, L. H. 1955. The Invertbrates: Echinodermata The Coelomate Bilateria Vol. IV. ''McGraw Hill Book Company'', New York |
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*Kozloff E.N. 1993. Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest. ''University of Washington Press''. Seattle, Washington |
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*Kozloff, E.N. 1993. Seashore Life of the Northern Pacific Coast: An Illustrated Guide to Northern California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. ''University of Washington Press'', Seattle, Washington |
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*Lambert, P. 1997. Sea Cucumbers of British Columbia, Southeast Alaska, and Puget Sound. ''UCB Press'', Vancouver, BC. |
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*McEuen, F.S. 1988. Spawning behaviors of northeast Pacific sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata) ''Marine Biology'' 98:4 pp 565-585 |
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{{Nofootnotes|date=May 2008}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q2491296}} |
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[[Category:Echinoderms]] |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Cucumaria Miniata}} |
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[[Category:Fauna of the Pacific Ocean]] |
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[[Category:Animals described in 1853]] |
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[[Category:Taxa named by Johann Friedrich von Brandt]] |
Latest revision as of 20:20, 24 August 2022
Cucumaria miniata | |
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Scientific classification | |
Domain: | Eukaryota |
Kingdom: | Animalia |
Phylum: | Echinodermata |
Class: | Holothuroidea |
Order: | Dendrochirotida |
Family: | Cucumariidae |
Genus: | Cucumaria |
Species: | C. miniata
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Binomial name | |
Cucumaria miniata (Brandt, 1835)
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Synonyms[1] | |
Cladodactyla (Polyclados) miniata Brandt, 1835 |
Cucumaria miniata is a species of sea cucumber.[1] It is commonly known as the orange sea cucumber[2] or red sea cucumber[3] due to its striking color. This northeast Pacific species is often found wedged in between rocks or crevices at the coast or on docks and can generally be identified by its orange bushy tentacles protruding above the substrate.[4]
Description[edit]
Cucumaria miniata is generally orange or reddish brown. They are easily identifiable by their orange coloration and branching tentacles. The body is thick and has five rows of tube feet, separated by smooth, soft skin. Pentameric radial symmetry is present in the five equally spaced rows of feet. The ossicles, which are present in all echinoderms, are small and scarcely scattered throughout the dermis. Respiration occurs through two aborescent tubes known as respiratory trees that are located in the coelom.[5]
They have fifteen sets of feeding arms that fan out into bushy tentacles when fully extended and feed into the mouth which is controlled by a sphincter muscle. Their mouth and anus are at separate ends of the body resulting in a full digestive tract. The lower part of the body is generally wedged in a crevice so often the tentacles are the main part of the organism visible.[6]
Size[edit]
They can grow to 25 cm long with tentacles extended and can reach a diameter of 8 cm. The tentacles can reach a diameter of 15 cm.
Range and habitat[edit]
Cucumaria miniata can be found from northern Alaska to northern Mexico. They live in rocky areas from the intertidal zone to a depth of 100 m, and are generally found wedged in crevices on docks or between rocks. Since they have the ability to stay attached to a substrate, they tend to frequent areas with higher currents in order to avoid predation.[7]
Predators[edit]
Major predators include Solaster stimpsoni (the sun star), Luidia foliolata (the sand star), and other sea stars.
Feeding[edit]
Cucumaria miniata are suspension feeders. They use their bushy tentacles to capture detritus and plankton from the water column. They then pull the tentacle via the feeding arm into the mouth to remove the food. Small tentacles around the mouth also help prevent food from escaping. Their feeding greatly decreases between November and March, when there is less plankton available.[8]
Life history[edit]
Cucumaria miniata spawn from March to May. They extend the anterior portion of their body and release eggs and sperm into the water column. The fertilized eggs develop into non-feeding larvae that move slowly and settle near adults. They can live between five and ten years.[9]
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Cucumaria miniata (Brandt, 1835)". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. 2022. Retrieved 24 August 2022.
- ^ Orange Sea Cucumber, Red Orbit
- ^ Cucumaria miniata (Red Sea Cucumber) Archived 2010-06-02 at the Wayback Machine, WSU
- ^ Kozloff, E.N. (1993). Marine Invertebrates of the Pacific Northwest. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
- ^ Gotshall, D.N. (2005). Guide to Marine Invertebrates: Alaska to Baja California, 2nd Edition (Revised).
- ^ Hyman, L. H. (1955). The Invertebrates: Echinodermata The Coelomate Bilateria Vol. IV. New York: McGraw Hill Book Company
- ^ Kozloff, E.N. (1993). Seashore Life of the Northern Pacific Coast: An Illustrated Guide to Northern California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
- ^ Lambert, P. (1997). Sea Cucumbers of British Columbia, Southeast Alaska, and Puget Sound. Vancouver: UCB Press.
- ^ McEuen, F. S. (1988). "Spawning behaviors of northeast Pacific sea cucumbers (Holothuroidea: Echinodermata)". Marine Biology. 98 (4): 565–585. doi:10.1007/BF00391548.