Eucalyptus cephalocarpa: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of eucalyptus}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|image =
|name = Mealy stringybark
|image_caption =
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|image = Eucalyptus cephalocarpa flowers.jpg
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|image_caption = ''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' growing in [[Frankston, Victoria|Frankston]]
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperm]]s
|status = VU
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicot]]s
|status_system = IUCN3.1
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosid]]s
|status_ref = <ref>{{cite iucn |author=Fensham, R. |author2=Collingwood, T. |author3=Laffineur, B. |year=2019 |title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' |volume=2019 |page=e.T133378476A133378478 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133378476A133378478.en |access-date=27 October 2021}}</ref>
|ordo = [[Myrtales]]
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|genus = Eucalyptus
|familia = [[Myrtaceae]]
⚫
|species = cephalocarpa
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|genus = ''[[Eucalyptus]]''
|authority = [[William Blakely|Blakely]]<ref name=APC>{{cite web|title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa''|url= https://biodiversity.org.au/nsl/services/apc-format/display/112273|publisher=Australian Plant Census|access-date=22 April 2019}}</ref>
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|species = '''''E. cephalocarpa'''''
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="APC" />
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|binomial = ''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa''
|binomial_authority = [[William Blakely|Blakely]]
|synonyms =
|synonyms =
* ''Eucalyptus cinerea'' subsp. ''cephalocarpa'' <small>[[Leon F. Costermans|Costerm.]] nom. inval.</small>
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|}}
* ''Eucalyptus cinerea'' var. ''multiflora'' <small>[[Joseph Maiden|Maiden]]</small>
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}}


'''''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa''''', commonly known as '''mealy stringybark''' or '''silver stringybark'''<ref name="CANBR">{{cite web |title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' |url=https://apps.lucidcentral.org/euclid/text/entities/eucalyptus_cephalocarpa.htm |publisher=Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research |access-date=4 June 2020}}</ref> is a species of small to medium-sized tree, that is [[Endemism|endemic]] to south-eastern [[Australia]]. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, Flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and conical, bell-shaped or hemispherical fruit.[[File:Eucalyptus cephalocarpa buds.jpg|thumb|225px|buds]]
'''''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa''''' ('''Silver-leaved Stringybark''', '''Silver Stringybark''' or '''Mealy Stingybark''') is a small to medium sized tree,
native to and [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] and [[New South Wales]] in [[Australia]].


==Description==
==Description==
The species grows to 15 metres in height and has thick, soft fibrous grey-brown, fissured bark, typical of the "peppermints", which is persistent over the whole tree, or nearly so.<ref name=Costermans>{{cite book|author=Costermans, L.| title=Native Trees and Shrubs of South-eastern Australia | publisher=Rigby|location=Australia | year=1981 | id=ISBN 072701403x}}</ref><ref name=NSW>{{cite web |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Eucalyptus~cephalocarpa |title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' |accessdate=2009-06-26 |author=|work= PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia}}</ref>
''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' grows to a height of {{cvt|15-24|m}} and forms a [[lignotuber]]. It has thick, soft, fibrous grey-brown, fissured bark on the trunk and branches, sometimes smooth on the thinnest branches. The leaves on young plants and on [[coppice]] regrowth are arranged in opposite pairs, usually bluish green and [[wikt:glaucous#Adjective|glaucous]], egg-shaped to almost round, {{cvt|25-85|mm}} long, {{cvt|17-65|mm}} wide and [[Sessility (botany)|sessile]]. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, {{cvt|85-250|mm}} long and {{cvt|8-30|mm}} wide on a [[Petiole (botany)|petiole]] {{cvt|6-22|mm}} long. They are the same green to bluish colour on both sides. The flower buds are arranged in leaf [[wikt:axil|axil]]s in groups of seven on an unbranched [[Peduncle (botany)|peduncle]] {{cvt|4-18|mm}} long, individual buds on a [[Pedicel (botany)|pedicel]] up to {{cvt|3|mm}} long. Mature buds are club-shaped, diamond-shaped or oval, {{cvt|3-6|mm}} long and {{cvt|3-4|mm}} wide with a conical to rounded [[Operculum (botany)|operculum]] and often glaucous. Flowering occurs between February and June and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody conical, bell-shaped or hemispherical [[Capsule (botany)|capsule]] {{cvt|3-6|mm}} long and {{cvt|4-8|mm}} wide with the valves at rim level or slightly above.<ref name="CANBR" /><ref name=Costermans>{{cite book|author=Costermans, L.| title=Native Trees and Shrubs of South-eastern Australia | publisher=Rigby|location=Australia | year=1981 | page=363|isbn= 072701403X}}</ref><ref name=NSW>{{cite web |url=http://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Eucalyptus~cephalocarpa |title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' |access-date=2009-06-26 |author=|work= PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia}}</ref><ref name="ABRS">{{cite web |last1=Chippendale |first1=George M. |title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' |url=https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Eucalyptus%20cephalocarpa |publisher=Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra |access-date=22 April 2019}}</ref><ref name="RBGV">{{cite web |last1=Stajsic |first1=Val |title=''Eucalyptus caphalocarpa'' |url=https://vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au/flora/taxon/c1d81b41-92e1-47c7-9ca0-521fd3a513e5 |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria |access-date=22 April 2019}}</ref>


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==Taxonomy and naming==
The juvenile leaves are opposite, dull grey-green and sessile.<ref name=NSW/> The cream or white flowers are followed by conical or globose woody fruits which usually appear in groups of 3 or 7 and are almost sessile.<ref name=Costermans/>
''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' was first formally described in 1934 by [[William Blakely]] who published the description in his book ''A Key to the Eucalypts''.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web|title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa''|url= https://id.biodiversity.org.au/instance/apni/455980|publisher=APNI|access-date=22 April 2019}}</ref> The [[Botanical name|specific epithet]] (''cephalocarpa'') is derived from the [[Ancient Greek]] words ''kephale'' meaning "head"<ref name="RWB">{{cite book|last1=Brown|first1=Roland Wilbur|title=The Composition of Scientific Words|date=1956|publisher=Smithsonian Institution Press|location=Washington, D.C.}}</ref>{{rp|194}} and ''karpos'' meaning "fruit"<ref name ="RWB" />{{rp|356}} referring to the crowded fruit of this species.<ref name="CANBR" />


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==Distribution and habitat==
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==Taxonomy==
Mealy stringybark occurs mainly in [[Victoria (Australia)|Victoria]] but is also in found in the [[Nadgee Nature Reserve]] in the far south-east of [[New South Wales]]. It is common around [[Melbourne]], from the eastern suburbs to the [[Dandenongs]] and south to the [[Mornington Peninsula]]. Its range extends to near [[Castlemaine, Victoria|Castlemaine]], [[Kinglake, Victoria|Kinglake]] and [[Mallacoota, Victoria|Mallacoota]].<ref name="Costermans" /><ref name="NSW" /><ref name="RBGV" />
The species was first formally described as a subspecies of ''[[Eucalyptus cinerea]]'' by botanist [[Joseph Maiden]] in ''A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus'' in 1914. It was promoted to species status by [[William Blakely]] in ''A Key to the Eucalypts'' in 1934.<ref name=APNI>{{cite web |url=http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?TAXON_NAME=EUCALYPTUS+CEPHALOCARPA|title=''Eucalyptus cephalocarpa'' |accessdate=2009-06-26 |work= [[Australian Plant Name Index]] (APNI), IBIS database|publisher = Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra}}</ref>

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==Distribution==
The species is common around [[Melbourne]], from the eastern suburbs to the [[Dandenongs]] and south to the [[Mornington Peninsula]]. From Melbourne it extends eastwards through Gippsland, and just over the border into [[New South Wales]].<ref name=Costermans/><ref name=NSW/>


==See also==
==See also==
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==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q4529685}}


[[Category:Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Flora of New South Wales]]
[[Category:Flora of Victoria (Australia)]]
[[Category:Flora of Victoria (state)]]
[[Category:Trees of Australia]]
[[Category:Trees of Australia]]
[[Category:Eucalyptus|cephalocarpa]]
[[Category:Eucalyptus|cephalocarpa]]
[[Category:Myrtales of Australia]]
[[Category:Myrtales of Australia]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1934]]
[[Category:Taxa named by William Blakely]]

Latest revision as of 00:30, 7 May 2023

Mealy stringybark
Eucalyptus cephalocarpa growing in Frankston
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. cephalocarpa
Binomial name
Eucalyptus cephalocarpa
Synonyms[2]
  • Eucalyptus cinerea subsp. cephalocarpa Costerm. nom. inval.
  • Eucalyptus cinerea var. multiflora Maiden

Eucalyptus cephalocarpa, commonly known as mealy stringybark or silver stringybark[3] is a species of small to medium-sized tree, that is endemic to south-eastern Australia. It has rough, fibrous bark on the trunk and branches, lance-shaped adult leaves, Flower buds arranged in groups of seven, white flowers and conical, bell-shaped or hemispherical fruit.

buds

Description[edit]

Eucalyptus cephalocarpa grows to a height of 15–24 m (49–79 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has thick, soft, fibrous grey-brown, fissured bark on the trunk and branches, sometimes smooth on the thinnest branches. The leaves on young plants and on coppice regrowth are arranged in opposite pairs, usually bluish green and glaucous, egg-shaped to almost round, 25–85 mm (0.98–3.35 in) long, 17–65 mm (0.67–2.56 in) wide and sessile. Adult leaves are lance-shaped to curved, 85–250 mm (3.3–9.8 in) long and 8–30 mm (0.31–1.18 in) wide on a petiole 6–22 mm (0.24–0.87 in) long. They are the same green to bluish colour on both sides. The flower buds are arranged in leaf axils in groups of seven on an unbranched peduncle 4–18 mm (0.16–0.71 in) long, individual buds on a pedicel up to 3 mm (0.12 in) long. Mature buds are club-shaped, diamond-shaped or oval, 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) long and 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) wide with a conical to rounded operculum and often glaucous. Flowering occurs between February and June and the flowers are white. The fruit is a woody conical, bell-shaped or hemispherical capsule 3–6 mm (0.12–0.24 in) long and 4–8 mm (0.16–0.31 in) wide with the valves at rim level or slightly above.[3][4][5][6][7]

Taxonomy and naming[edit]

Eucalyptus cephalocarpa was first formally described in 1934 by William Blakely who published the description in his book A Key to the Eucalypts.[8] The specific epithet (cephalocarpa) is derived from the Ancient Greek words kephale meaning "head"[9]: 194  and karpos meaning "fruit"[9]: 356  referring to the crowded fruit of this species.[3]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

Mealy stringybark occurs mainly in Victoria but is also in found in the Nadgee Nature Reserve in the far south-east of New South Wales. It is common around Melbourne, from the eastern suburbs to the Dandenongs and south to the Mornington Peninsula. Its range extends to near Castlemaine, Kinglake and Mallacoota.[4][5][7]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Fensham, R.; Collingwood, T.; Laffineur, B. (2019). "Eucalyptus cephalocarpa". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T133378476A133378478. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133378476A133378478.en. Retrieved 27 October 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Eucalyptus cephalocarpa". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  3. ^ a b c "Eucalyptus cephalocarpa". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b Costermans, L. (1981). Native Trees and Shrubs of South-eastern Australia. Australia: Rigby. p. 363. ISBN 072701403X.
  5. ^ a b "Eucalyptus cephalocarpa". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2009-06-26.
  6. ^ Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus cephalocarpa". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  7. ^ a b Stajsic, Val. "Eucalyptus caphalocarpa". Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  8. ^ "Eucalyptus cephalocarpa". APNI. Retrieved 22 April 2019.
  9. ^ a b Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
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