Joseph Maiden

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Joseph Maiden

Joseph Henry Maiden (born April 25, 1859 in St. John's Wood near London , United Kingdom , † November 16, 1925 in Turramurra near Sydney , New South Wales ) was a British- Australian botanist . Its botanical author abbreviation is " Maiden ".

Early years

Joseph Maiden was born in St. John's Wood, north-west of London, as the eldest son of the china dealer and later accountant Henry Maiden and his wife Mary Elisabeth, née Wells. He attended the "City of London Middle Class School" and studied science at the University of London after graduating , but was unable to complete his studies because of his poor health. His doctor advised him to go on a long sea voyage to New South Wales in 1880 .

Working life

In 1881 Maiden were appointed curator of the Technical Museum in Sydney . He filled this position until 1896. He was very interested in native plants and initially teamed up with Rev. William Woolls in his botanical studies . After his first plant collection was destroyed in the fire at the Garden Palace near the Royal Botanical Gardens in 1882 , he built a new collection that was housed in an exhibition hall in the Outer Domain, behind the Sydney Hospital. This collection formed the basis for his first book, Useful Native Plants of Australia, which he published in 1899. In it he also pointed out that he owed much of his knowledge to the work of Ferdinand von Mueller , with whom he was in contact by letter.

In 1890 he was appointed advisory botanist in the Ministry of Agriculture and in 1894 superintendent for technical education. In 1896 Maiden was named "Government Botanist" and appointed director of the Royal Botanic Gardens in Sydney to succeed Charles Moore , one of his botanical mentors. He immediately began building the colony's first herbarium , museum, library, and Sydney's first children's playground.

Maiden became the recognized capacity for acacia and eucalyptus . His other interests included reducing sand erosion - for which he promoted acacia cultivation for the donation industry - and the commercial cultivation of opuntia .

Social Commitment

Maiden was general secretary of the "(Royal) Geographic Society of Australasia", lectured in agricultural botany and forestry at the University of Sydney and was administrator of the "Rockwood Church of England Cemetery". He held offices in the "Royal and Linnean Societies of New South Wales", the "(Royal) Australian Historical Society", the "Wattle Day League", the "Horicultural Society and Horticultural Association", the "Field Naturalists' Society", the "Town Planning Association of New South Wales" and the "Australasian Association for the Advancement of Science".

Late years

Joseph Maiden retired in 1924 and died on November 16, 1925 in Turramurra near Sydney.

Publications

In 1892 Maiden published the Bibliography of Australian Economic Botany. In 1895 he brought out Volume I of "The Flowering Plants and Ferns of New South Wales", of which other volumes appeared in the same and the following years. Another important work, the "Forest Flora of New South Wales", was published in part between 1904 and 1924 and his "Illustrations of New South Wales Plants" appeared from 1907. In 1909 Maiden published "Sir Joseph Banks, the" Father of Australia ““. In 1916 he published his book "A Census of New South Wales Plants", written together with Ernst Betche , and in 1920 the first part of "The Weeds of New South Wales".

Maiden published about 45 writings and his eight-volume work A Critical Revision of the Genus Eucalyptus was considered a standard work for over 50 years. He published descriptions of many species and collected type material from many more.

Honors

Acacia maidenii and Eucalyptus maidenii were named after Joseph Maiden. He was also appointed a member of the "Imperial Service Order" in 1916. In 1924 he received the Clarke Medal from the Royal Society of New South Wales for his outstanding achievements in botany. The plant genus Maidenia Rendle from the frog-bite family(Hydrocharitaceae) is named after him.

Works (selection)

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Individual evidence

  1. ^ RK Brummitt & CE Powell: Autors of Plant Names . Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London 1992. ISBN 1-84246-085-4 . The author had the source in the en-Wikipedia.
  2. ^ A b c Mark Lyons & CJ Pettigrew: Maiden, Joseph Henry (1859-1925) . Australian Dictionary of Biography . Retrieved April 25, 2013
  3. ↑ a b c d e L. Gilbert: Maiden, Joseph Henry in R. Aitken & M. Looker (editors): Oxford Companion to Australian Gardens . Oxford University Press, South Melbourne 2002. pp. 394-395. The author had the source in the en-Wikipedia.
  4. ↑ a b c Maiden, Joseph Henry . Dictionary of Australian Biography, Ma-Mo . Retrieved April 25, 2013
  5. ^ C. Morris: JH Maiden and Sydney's Public Domain in Australian Garden History , Volume 13 (5) 2002, pp. 14-18.
  6. ^ Maiden, Joseph Henry (1859-1925) . Encyclopedia of Australian Science. Australian Science and Technology Heritage Center ( Memento of the original dated December 2, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . Retrieved April 25, 2013 @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.asap.unimelb.edu.au
  7. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names - Extended Edition. Part I and II. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin , Freie Universität Berlin , Berlin 2018, ISBN 978-3-946292-26-5 doi: 10.3372 / epolist2018 .
personal data
SURNAME Maiden, Joseph
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Maiden, Joseph Henry
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Australian botanist
DATE OF BIRTH April 25, 1859
PLACE OF BIRTH St. John's Wood , United Kingdom
DATE OF DEATH November 16, 1925
Place of death Turramurra , New South Wales, Australia