Juxia: Difference between revisions

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| display_parents = 3
| display_parents = 3
| taxon = Juxia
| taxon = Juxia
| authority = Chow & Chiu, [[1964 in paleontology|1964]]
| authority = [[Zhou Mingzhen|Chow]] & Chiu, [[1964 in paleontology|1964]]
| type_species = {{extinct}}'''''Juxia sharamurenense'''''
| type_species = {{extinct}}'''''Juxia sharamurenensis'''''
| type_species_authority = Chow & Chiu, 1964
| type_species_authority = Chow & Chiu, 1964
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision_ranks = [[Species]]
| subdivision =
| subdivision =
* {{extinct}}'''''J. sharamurenense''''' <small>Chow & Chiu, 1964</small>
* {{extinct}}'''''J. sharamurenensis''''' <small>Chow & Chiu, 1964</small>
* {{extinct}}'''''J. borissiaki''''' <small>(Beliajeva, [[1959 in paleontology|1959]])</small>
* {{extinct}}'''''J. borissiaki''''' <small>(Beliajeva, [[1959 in paleontology|1959]])</small>
* {{extinct}}'''''J. shoui''''' <small>Qi & Zhou, 1989</small>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="lucas&sobus1989">{{cite book|last=Lucas|first=S.G.|last2=Sobus|first2=J.C.|year=1989|chapter=The Systematics of Indricotheres|editor-last=Prothero|editor-first=David R.|editor2-last=Schoch|editor2-first=Robert M.|title=The Evolution of Perissodactyls|url=https://archive.org/details/evolutionperisso00prot|url-access=limited|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/evolutionperisso00prot/page/n185 358]–378|isbn=978-0-19-506039-3|oclc=19268080}}</ref>
| synonyms_ref = <ref name="lucas&sobus1989">{{cite book|last=Lucas|first=S.G.|last2=Sobus|first2=J.C.|year=1989|chapter=The Systematics of Indricotheres|editor-last=Prothero|editor-first=David R.|editor2-last=Schoch|editor2-first=Robert M.|title=The Evolution of Perissodactyls|url=https://archive.org/details/evolutionperisso00prot|url-access=limited|publisher=Oxford University Press|pages=[https://archive.org/details/evolutionperisso00prot/page/n185 358]–378|isbn=978-0-19-506039-3|oclc=19268080}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Qiu|first=Z.|last2=Wang|first2=B.|year=2007|chapter=''Juxia'' Chow et Chiu ( = Zhou et Qiu), 1964|title=Paracerathere Fossils of China|journal=Palaeontologia Sinica, New Series C|volume=29|pages=15-100|publisher=Science Press|location=Beijing|isbn=978-7-03-019127-4|language=zh-cn, en}}</ref>
| synonyms =
| synonyms =
* ''Imequinincisoria'' <small>Wang, [[1976 in paleontology|1976]]</small>
* ''Imequinincisoria'' <small>Wang, [[1976 in paleontology|1976]]</small>
{{collapsible list|bullets=true|title=<small>Species synonyms</small>
{{collapsible list|bullets=true|title=<small>Species synonyms</small>
| '''''Juxia sharamurenensis:'''''
| <small>''Juxia sharamurenense'' Chow & Chiu, 1964</small>
| <small>''Forstercooperia sharamurenense'' Radinsky, 1967</small>
| <small>''Juxia sharamurenensis'' Chiu & Wang, 2007</small>
| '''''Juxia borissiaki:'''''
| '''''Juxia borissiaki:'''''
| <small>''[[Eotrigonias]] borissiaki'' Beliajeva, 1959</small>
| <small>''[[Eotrigonias]] borissiaki'' Beliajeva, 1959</small>
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}}
}}


'''''Juxia''''' is an extinct [[genus]] of [[Indricotheriinae|indricothere]], a group of herbivorous [[mammals]] that are part of the odd-toed ungulate family tree of [[rhinoceros]] and [[tapir]]s. The type species is ''Juxia sharamurenense'', named by Chow and Chiu in 1964. ''Juxia'' was around the size of a [[horse]]. It lived in [[Asia]] during the upper [[Eocene]].<ref name="Chow et al. 1964">Chow Minchen and Chiu Chan-Siang: An Eocene giant rhinoceros. ''Vertebrata PalAsiatica'', 1964 (8), 1964, S. 264–268</ref>
'''''Juxia''''' (from {{zh|c=巨犀|p=Jùxī|l=gigantic rhinoceros}}, usually refers to indricotheres) is an extinct [[genus]] of [[Indricotheriinae|indricothere]], a group of herbivorous [[mammals]] that are part of the odd-toed ungulate family tree of [[rhinoceros]] and [[tapir]]s. The type species is ''Juxia sharamurenensis'', named by [[Zhou Mingzhen]] and {{ill|Qiu Zhanxiang|zh|邱占祥}} in 1964. ''Juxia'' was around the size of a [[horse]]. It lived in [[Asia]] during the upper [[Eocene]].<ref name="Chow et al. 1964">{{cite journal|last1=Chow|first1=M.-C.|last2=Chiu|first2=C.-S.|year=1964|title=An Eocene giant rhinoceros|journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica|volume=8|issue=3|pages=264–267|language=zh-cn, en|url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/index.php?s=1&act=pdfviewer&id=1295605429&folder=129}}</ref>
[[File:JuxiaSharamurenense-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg|thumb|left|Skull and neck of a mounted specimen of ''Juxia sharamurenense'', [[Paleozoological Museum of China]]]]
[[File:JuxiaSharamurenense-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg|thumb|left|Skull and neck of a mounted specimen of ''Juxia sharamurenense'', [[Paleozoological Museum of China]]]]
As an early indricothere, ''Juxia'' had a relatively light body, held by elongated long legs and small skull firmly attached to a relatively long neck. Based on its triangular like teeth and sharp protruding incisors, ''Juxia'' was probably a strict browser, feeding on ferns and leaves on branches where most herbivorous mammals couldn't reach. In terms of habitat, ''Juxia'' lived in densely lush and tropical forests of what is now [[China]]. Though a few skeletons have been found, it is unclear whether this early indricothere was permanently solitary or lived in small social groups, possibly harems. Based on its morphology, ''Juxia'''s long legs probably enabled it to run relatively fast for a limited duration. This was probably a defense mechanism against early mammalian predators.<ref>{{cite book | last = Prothero | first = D. | title = Rhinoceros Giants: The Palaeobiology of Indricotheres| publisher = Indiana University Press | year = 2013 | location = Indiana | isbn = 978-0-253-00819-0}}</ref>
As an early indricothere, ''Juxia'' had a relatively light body, held by elongated long legs and small skull firmly attached to a relatively long neck. Based on its triangular like teeth and sharp protruding incisors, ''Juxia'' was probably a strict browser, feeding on ferns and leaves on branches where most herbivorous mammals couldn't reach. In terms of habitat, ''Juxia'' lived in densely lush and tropical forests of what is now [[China]]. Though a few skeletons have been found, it is unclear whether this early indricothere was permanently solitary or lived in small social groups, possibly harems. Based on its morphology, ''Juxia'''s long legs probably enabled it to run relatively fast for a limited duration. This was probably a defense mechanism against early mammalian predators.<ref>{{cite book | last = Prothero | first = D. | title = Rhinoceros Giants: The Palaeobiology of Indricotheres| publisher = Indiana University Press | year = 2013 | location = Indiana | isbn = 978-0-253-00819-0}}</ref>

Revision as of 12:29, 9 June 2022

Juxia
Temporal range: Bartonian
↓
Mounted skeleton, Inner Mongolia Museum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Perissodactyla
Suborder: Ceratomorpha
Superfamily: Rhinocerotoidea
Family: †Paraceratheriidae
Genus: †Juxia
Chow & Chiu, 1964
Type species
†Juxia sharamurenensis
Chow & Chiu, 1964
Species
  • †J. sharamurenensis Chow & Chiu, 1964
  • †J. borissiaki (Beliajeva, 1959)
  • †J. shoui Qi & Zhou, 1989
Synonyms[1][2]
  • Imequinincisoria Wang, 1976
Species synonyms
  • Juxia sharamurenensis:
  • Juxia sharamurenense Chow & Chiu, 1964
  • Forstercooperia sharamurenense Radinsky, 1967
  • Juxia sharamurenensis Chiu & Wang, 2007
  • Juxia borissiaki:
  • Eotrigonias borissiaki Beliajeva, 1959
  • Forstercooperia ergiliinensis Gabuniya & Dashzeveg, 1974
  • Imequinincisoria mazhuangensis Wang, 1976
  • Imequinincisoria micrasis Wang, 1976

Juxia (from Chinese: 巨犀; pinyin: Jùxī; lit. 'gigantic rhinoceros', usually refers to indricotheres) is an extinct genus of indricothere, a group of herbivorous mammals that are part of the odd-toed ungulate family tree of rhinoceros and tapirs. The type species is Juxia sharamurenensis, named by Zhou Mingzhen and Qiu Zhanxiang [zh] in 1964. Juxia was around the size of a horse. It lived in Asia during the upper Eocene.[3]

Skull and neck of a mounted specimen of Juxia sharamurenense, Paleozoological Museum of China

As an early indricothere, Juxia had a relatively light body, held by elongated long legs and small skull firmly attached to a relatively long neck. Based on its triangular like teeth and sharp protruding incisors, Juxia was probably a strict browser, feeding on ferns and leaves on branches where most herbivorous mammals couldn't reach. In terms of habitat, Juxia lived in densely lush and tropical forests of what is now China. Though a few skeletons have been found, it is unclear whether this early indricothere was permanently solitary or lived in small social groups, possibly harems. Based on its morphology, Juxia's long legs probably enabled it to run relatively fast for a limited duration. This was probably a defense mechanism against early mammalian predators.[4]

References

  1. ^ Lucas, S.G.; Sobus, J.C. (1989). "The Systematics of Indricotheres". In Prothero, David R.; Schoch, Robert M. (eds.). The Evolution of Perissodactyls. Oxford University Press. pp. 358–378. ISBN 978-0-19-506039-3. OCLC 19268080.
  2. ^ Qiu, Z.; Wang, B. (2007). "Juxia Chow et Chiu ( = Zhou et Qiu), 1964". Paracerathere Fossils of China (in Chinese (China) and English). Vol. 29. Beijing: Science Press. pp. 15–100. ISBN 978-7-03-019127-4. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  3. ^ Chow, M.-C.; Chiu, C.-S. (1964). "An Eocene giant rhinoceros". Vertebrata PalAsiatica (in Chinese (China) and English). 8 (3): 264–267.
  4. ^ Prothero, D. (2013). Rhinoceros Giants: The Palaeobiology of Indricotheres. Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-00819-0.


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