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'''''Juxia''''' (from {{zh|c=巨犀|p=Jùxī|l=gigantic rhinoceros}}) is an extinct [[genus]] of [[Paraceratheriidae|paraceratheriid]], a group of herbivorous [[mammals]] that are related to the modern [[rhinoceros]]. The type species is ''Juxia sharamurenensis'', named by [[Zhou Mingzhen]] and {{ill|Qiu Zhanxiang|zh|邱占祥}} in 1964. ''Juxia'' was around the size of a [[horse]]. It lived in [[Asia]] during the upper [[Eocene]].<ref name="Chow et al. 1964">{{cite journal|last1=Chow|first1=M.-C.|last2=Chiu|first2=C.-S.|year=1964|title=An Eocene giant rhinoceros|journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica|volume=8|issue=3|pages=264–267|language=zh-cn, en|url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/index.php?s=1&act=pdfviewer&id=1295605429&folder=129}}</ref> |
'''''Juxia''''' (from {{zh|c=巨犀|p=Jùxī|l=gigantic rhinoceros}}) is an extinct [[genus]] of [[Paraceratheriidae|paraceratheriid]], a group of herbivorous [[mammals]] that are related to the modern [[rhinoceros]]. The type species is ''Juxia sharamurenensis'', named by [[Zhou Mingzhen]] and {{ill|Qiu Zhanxiang|zh|邱占祥}} in 1964. ''Juxia'' was around the size of a [[horse]]. It lived in [[Asia]] during the upper [[Eocene]].<ref name="Chow et al. 1964">{{cite journal|last1=Chow|first1=M.-C.|last2=Chiu|first2=C.-S.|year=1964|title=An Eocene giant rhinoceros|journal=Vertebrata PalAsiatica|volume=8|issue=3|pages=264–267|language=zh-cn, en|url=http://www.rhinoresourcecenter.com/index.php?s=1&act=pdfviewer&id=1295605429&folder=129}}</ref> |
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[[File:JuxiaSharamurenense-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg|thumb|left|Skull and neck of a mounted specimen of ''Juxia sharamurenense'', [[Paleozoological Museum of China]]]] |
[[File:JuxiaSharamurenense-PaleozoologicalMuseumOfChina-May23-08.jpg|thumb|left|Skull and neck of a mounted specimen of ''Juxia sharamurenense'', [[Paleozoological Museum of China]]]] |
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As an early indricothere, ''Juxia'' had a relatively light body, held by elongated long legs and small skull firmly attached to a relatively long neck. Based on its triangular like teeth and sharp protruding incisors, ''Juxia'' was probably a strict browser, feeding on ferns and leaves on branches where most herbivorous mammals couldn't reach. In terms of habitat, ''Juxia'' lived in densely lush and tropical forests of what is now [[China]]. Though a few skeletons have been found, it is unclear whether this early indricothere was permanently solitary or lived in small social groups, possibly harems. Based on its morphology, ''Juxia'''s long legs probably enabled it to run relatively fast for a limited duration. This was probably a defense mechanism against early mammalian predators.<ref>{{cite book | last = Prothero | first = D. | title = Rhinoceros Giants: The Palaeobiology of Indricotheres| publisher = Indiana University Press | year = 2013 | location = Indiana | isbn = 978-0-253-00819-0}}</ref> |
As an early indricothere, ''Juxia'' had a relatively light body, with a body mass estimated at {{Convert|749–888|kg|lb}} or {{Convert|1,482|kg|lb}}<ref>{{Cite journal |last=Li |first=Shijie |last2=Jiangzuo |first2=Qigao |last3=Deng |first3=Tao |date=2022-07-06 |title=Body mass of the giant rhinos (Paraceratheriinae, Mammalia) and its tendency in evolution |url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/08912963.2022.2095908 |journal=Historical Biology |language=en |pages=1–12 |doi=10.1080/08912963.2022.2095908 |issn=0891-2963}}</ref>, held by elongated long legs and small skull firmly attached to a relatively long neck. Based on its triangular like teeth and sharp protruding incisors, ''Juxia'' was probably a strict browser, feeding on ferns and leaves on branches where most herbivorous mammals couldn't reach. In terms of habitat, ''Juxia'' lived in densely lush and tropical forests of what is now [[China]]. Though a few skeletons have been found, it is unclear whether this early indricothere was permanently solitary or lived in small social groups, possibly harems. Based on its morphology, ''Juxia'''s long legs probably enabled it to run relatively fast for a limited duration. This was probably a defense mechanism against early mammalian predators.<ref>{{cite book | last = Prothero | first = D. | title = Rhinoceros Giants: The Palaeobiology of Indricotheres| publisher = Indiana University Press | year = 2013 | location = Indiana | isbn = 978-0-253-00819-0}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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Revision as of 21:38, 26 August 2023
| Juxia Temporal range:
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|---|---|
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| Mounted skeleton, Inner Mongolia Museum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Perissodactyla |
| Suborder: | Ceratomorpha |
| Superfamily: | Rhinocerotoidea |
| Family: | †Paraceratheriidae |
| Genus: | †Juxia Chow & Chiu, 1964 |
| Type species | |
| †Juxia sharamurenensis Chow & Chiu, 1964
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| Species | |
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| Synonyms[3][4] | |
Species synonyms
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Juxia (from Chinese: 巨犀; pinyin: Jùxī; lit. 'gigantic rhinoceros') is an extinct genus of paraceratheriid, a group of herbivorous mammals that are related to the modern rhinoceros. The type species is Juxia sharamurenensis, named by Zhou Mingzhen and Qiu Zhanxiang in 1964. Juxia was around the size of a horse. It lived in Asia during the upper Eocene.[1]
As an early indricothere, Juxia had a relatively light body, with a body mass estimated at 749–888 kilograms (1,651–1,958 lb) or 1,482 kilograms (3,267 lb)[5], held by elongated long legs and small skull firmly attached to a relatively long neck. Based on its triangular like teeth and sharp protruding incisors, Juxia was probably a strict browser, feeding on ferns and leaves on branches where most herbivorous mammals couldn't reach. In terms of habitat, Juxia lived in densely lush and tropical forests of what is now China. Though a few skeletons have been found, it is unclear whether this early indricothere was permanently solitary or lived in small social groups, possibly harems. Based on its morphology, Juxia's long legs probably enabled it to run relatively fast for a limited duration. This was probably a defense mechanism against early mammalian predators.[6]
References
- ^ a b Chow, M.-C.; Chiu, C.-S. (1964). "An Eocene giant rhinoceros". Vertebrata PalAsiatica (in Chinese (China) and English). 8 (3): 264–267.
- ^ Qi, T.; Zhou, M. (1989). "A new species of Juxia (Perissodactyla), Nei Mongol" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica (in Chinese (China) and English). 27 (3): 205–208.
- ^ Lucas, S.G.; Sobus, J.C. (1989). "The Systematics of Indricotheres". In Prothero, David R.; Schoch, Robert M. (eds.). The Evolution of Perissodactyls. Oxford University Press. pp. 358–378. ISBN 978-0-19-506039-3. OCLC 19268080.
- ^ Qiu, Z.; Wang, B. (2007). "Juxia Chow et Chiu ( = Zhou et Qiu), 1964". Paracerathere Fossils of China (in Chinese (China) and English). Vol. 29. Beijing: Science Press. pp. 15–100. ISBN 978-7-03-019127-4.
{{cite book}}:|journal=ignored (help) - ^ Li, Shijie; Jiangzuo, Qigao; Deng, Tao (2022-07-06). "Body mass of the giant rhinos (Paraceratheriinae, Mammalia) and its tendency in evolution". Historical Biology: 1–12. doi:10.1080/08912963.2022.2095908. ISSN 0891-2963.
- ^ Prothero, D. (2013). Rhinoceros Giants: The Palaeobiology of Indricotheres. Indiana: Indiana University Press. ISBN 978-0-253-00819-0.
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