Scream (Michael Jackson and Janet Jackson song) and Peter Lamborn Wilson: Difference between pages

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{{redirect3|Hakim Bey| This article concerns Peter Lamborn Wilson, a political writer affiliated with the [[Moorish Orthodox Church of America]]. Another member of the [[Moorish Science Temple of America]] and author of the [[Journal of Moorish Paradigm]] is also named Hakim Bey}}
{{Infobox Single
[[Image:Bey hakim.jpg|thumb|right|Peter Lamborn Wilson]]
| Name = Scream”/“Childhood
'''Peter Lamborn Wilson''' (born [[1945]]) is an [[United States|American]] political writer, essayist, and poet, known for first proposing the concept of the [[Temporary Autonomous Zone]] (TAZ), based on a historical review of [[pirate utopia]]s. Wilson also writes under the name '''Hakim Bey'''.
| Cover = SCREAMjacket.jpg
| Artist = [[Michael Jackson]] and [[Janet Jackson]]
| from Album = [[HIStory|HIStory - Past, Present and Future, Book I]]
| Recorded = 1995
| Released = May 1995
| Format = [[CD single]]<br>[[Cassette single]]<br>[[Single (music)|7" single]]
| Genre = [[pop music|Pop]], [[Contemporary R&B|R&B]] (Scream)<br> [[Soul music|Soul]] (Childhood)
| Length = Scream - 4:39<br>Childhood - 4:27
| Label = [[Epic Records]]
| Writer = [[Michael Jackson]]<br>[[Janet Jackson]]<br>[[Jimmy Jam]]<br>[[Terry Lewis]]
| Producer = Michael Jackson<br>Janet Jackson<br>Jimmy Jam<br>Terry Lewis
| Certification = [[RIAA certification|Platinum]] <small>([[Recording Industry Association of America|U.S.]])</small>
| Chart position =
| Chronology = [[Michael Jackson]] singles
| Last single = "[[Gone Too Soon]]"<br>(1993)
| This single = '''"Scream"/"Childhood"'''<br>(1995)
| Next single = "[[You Are Not Alone]]"<br>(1995)
|Misc =
{{Extra chronology
| Artist = [[Janet Jackson]]
| Type = singles
| Last single = "[[Whoops Now/What'll I Do]]"<br>(1995)
| This single = '''"Scream"/"Childhood"'''<br>(1995)
| Next single = "[[Runaway (Janet Jackson song)|Runaway]]"<br>(1995)
}}
{{Extra tracklisting
| Album = [[HIStory]]
| Type = single
| prev_track =
| prev_no =
| this_track = "'''Scream'''"
| track_no = 1
| next_track = "[[They Don't Care About Us]]"
| next_no = 2
}}
}}


== Life and work ==
"'''Scream'''"/"'''Childhood'''" is a 1995 [[double A-side]] hit [[Single (music)|single]] for pop [[musician]] [[Michael Jackson]]. Both songs are from the second disc of the ''[[HIStory]]'' album; "Scream" is track one and "Childhood" is track ten. The former is a duet with his younger sister [[Janet Jackson]], the latter is a solo piece. The double A-side became the first single in the 37 year history of ''[[Billboard (magazine)|Billboard]]'' to debut at number five on the [[Billboard Hot 100|''Billboard'' Hot 100]]—where it peaked.
Wilson's early work is described in the translator's biography of one of his earliest works:
<BLOCKQUOTE>After studying at [[Columbia University]], he did extensive traveling in the [[Middle East]], [[Afghanistan]], [[Pakistan]], [[India]] and [[Nepal]]. He studied [[Tantra]] in [[West Bengal]] and visited many [[Sufi]] shrines and masters. In 1971 he undertook research on the [[Nimatullahi|Ni'matullahi]] funded by the [[Marsden Foundation]] of New York.<ref>Fakhruddin 'Iraqi: ''Divine Flashes'', page viii. Paulist Press, 1983.</ref></BLOCKQUOTE>


This research was the basis of Wilson's book ''Kings of Love''. The biography continues:
==Scream==
<BLOCKQUOTE>During 1974 and 1975 he was consultant in London and Tehran for the [[World of Islam Festival]]. In 1974 he became director of English language publications at the [[Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy]] in Tehran under [[Seyyed Hossein Nasr]], and he studied, worked with, and published books by Nasr, [[Toshihiko Izutsu]], [[Henry Corbin]] and others. He was editor of ''Sophia Perennis'', the Journal of the IIAP.</BLOCKQUOTE>
===Background===
"Scream" is primarily a song directed at the tabloid press. As far back as the late 1980's, Jackson and the press had a difficult relationship. In 1986, the tabloid's ran a story claiming that Jackson slept in a [[hyperbaric oxygen chamber]] to slow the aging process; he was pictured lying down in a glass box. Although the claim was untrue, Jackson disseminated the fabricated story himself.<ref name = "tara 355-361">Taraborrelli, p. 355–361</ref><ref name="BBC, Jackson's image problems">{{cite web |url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/entertainment/music/4584367.stm |title=Music's misunderstood superstar |publisher=BBC |date=[[2005-06-13]] |accessdate=2008-07-14 }}</ref> Jackson bought and befriended a pet chimpanzee called [[Bubbles (chimpanzee)|Bubbles]] which extended his eccentric persona.<ref name="BBC, Jackson's image problems"/> Later it was reported that Jackson bought the bones of [[John Merrick|The Elephant Man]]. Although untrue, it was a story that Jackson again disseminated to the tabloid press.<ref name = "tara 355-361"/><ref name="BBC, Jackson's image problems"/> These stories inspired the pejorative nickname "Wacko Jacko", which Jackson acquired the following year. He would eventually come to despise the nickname. Realizing his mistake, he stopped leaking untruths to the press. However due to the profit being made, the media began making up their own stories.<ref name = "tara 370–373">Taraborrelli, p. 370–373</ref><ref name="BBC, Jackson's image problems"/>


Wilson left Iran during the [[Iranian Revolution|Islamic Revolution]]. In the 1980s, his ideas evolved from a kind of [[René Guénon|Guénonist]] [[Traditionalist School|neo-traditionalism]] to a synthesis of [[anarchism]] and [[Situationist International|Situationist]] ideas with heterodox [[Sufism]] and [[Neopaganism]], describing his ideas as "anarchist [[ontology]]" or "immediatism". In the past he has worked with the not-for-profit publishing project [[Autonomedia]], in Brooklyn, New York.
In 1989, Jackson released the song and music video "[[Leave Me Alone]]". A song about his perceived victimization at the hands of the press.<ref>Taraborrelli, p. 365</ref> The video shows Jackson poking fun not only at the press but also the situation he was in. In the video, there were images of shrines to [[Elizabeth Taylor]] and newspapers with bizarre headlines. Jackson danced with the bones of The Elephant Man.<ref>Taraborrelli, p. 413</ref>


In addition to his writings on anarchism and [[Temporary Autonomous Zone]]s, Wilson has written essays on such diverse topics as [[Tong]] traditions, the utopian [[Charles Fourier]], the [[fascist]] [[Gabriele D'Annunzio]], the connections between [[Sufism]] and ancient [[Celt]]ic culture, sacred [[pederasty]] in the [[Sufi]] tradition, technology and [[Luddism]], and ''[[Amanita muscaria]]'' use in ancient [[Ireland]].
In 1993, the relationship between Jackson and the press soured completely when he was accused of [[1993 child sexual abuse accusations against Michael Jackson|child sexual abuse]]. Although never charged with a crime, Jackson was subject to intense media scrutiny while the criminal investigation took place. Complaints about the coverage and media included using sensational headlines to draw in readers and viewers when the content itself did not support the headline,<ref>Campbell (1995), p. 42–45</ref> accepting stories of Jackson's alleged criminal activity in return for money,<ref name = "campbell 77-80">Campbell (1995), p. 77–80</ref> accepting confidential leaked material from the police investigation in return for money paid,<ref>Campbell (1995), p. 47–50</ref> deliberately using pictures of Jackson's appearance at its worst,<ref name = "tara 500-507">Taraborrelli, p. 500–507</ref> a lack of objectivity<ref name = "tara 500-507"/> and using headlines that strongly implied Jackson's guilt.<ref name = "tara 500-507"/>


Wilson's poetic texts and poems have appeared in: ''P.A.N.''; ''Panthology'' One, Two, and Three; ''Ganymede''; ''[[Exquisite Corpse (magazine)|Exquisite Corpse]]''; ''[[North American Man/Boy Love Association|NAMBLA]] Bulletin'' (a publication of the North American Man/Boy Love Association) and the various ''Acolyte Reader'' paperbacks. Many of these poems, including the 'Sandburg' series, are collected in the as-yet unpublished ''DogStar'' volume. Currently his works can be found regularly in publications like ''[[Fifth Estate]]'' and the NYC-based ''First of the Month''.
At the time, Jackson said of the media reaction, "I will say I am particularly upset by the handling of the matter by the incredible, terrible mass media. At every opportunity, the media has dissected and manipulated these allegations to reach their own conclusions".<ref name="(find) MJ speaks out">{{cite web |url=http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1355/is_n10_v85/ai_14947357?tag=artBody;col1 |title=Michael Jackson speaks: 'I am totally innocent of any wrongdoing.' |publisher=''Jet'' |date=[[1994-01-10]] |accessdate=2008-08-03 }}</ref>


He has also published at least one novel, ''The Chronicles of Qamar: Crowstone (a sword and sorcery boy-love tale)''.
The entertainer began taking [[painkiller]]s, [[Valium]], [[Xanax]] and [[Ativan]] to deal with the stress of the allegations made against him.<ref name = "tara 518–520">Taraborrelli, p. 518–520</ref> A few months after the allegations became news, Jackson had lost approximately 10 pounds in weight and had stopped eating.<ref name = "tara 514-516">Taraborrelli, p. 514–516</ref> Jackson's health had deteriorated to the extent that he canceled the remainder of his tour and went into rehabilitation.<ref name = "campbell 89-93"/><ref name = "tara 524-528"/> Jackson booked the whole fourth floor of the clinic, and was put on Valium IV to wean him from painkillers.<ref name = "campbell 89-93"/><ref name = "tara 524-528"/><ref name="HIStory review NYT"/> The singer's spokesperson told reporters that Jackson was "barely able to function adequately on an intellectual level".<ref name = "tara 524-528"/> While in the clinic, Jackson took part in group and one-on-one therapy sessions.<ref name = "campbell 89-93">Campbell (1995), p. 89–93</ref><ref name = "tara 524-528">Taraborrelli, p. 524–528</ref>


Wilson, especially because of his [[Temporary Autonomous Zone|TAZ]] work, has often been embraced by [[Rave culture]]. [[Ravers]] have identified the experience and occasion of [[rave]]s as part of the tradition of "Temporary Autonomous Zones" that Wilson outlines, particularly the "free party" or [[Teknival]] scene. Wilson has been supportive of the rave connection, while remarking in an interview, "The ravers were among my biggest readers... I wish they would rethink all this techno stuff — they didn’t get that part of my writing."<ref>[http://www.thebrooklynrail.org/spotlight/july04/wilson.html An Anarchist in the Hudson Valley] ''Brooklyn Rail'', July 2004</ref>
When Jackson left the US to go into rehabilitation, the media showed the singer little sympathy. The ''[[Daily Mirror]]'' held a "Spot the Jacko" contest, offering readers a trip to [[Disney World]] if they could correctly predict where the entertainer would appear next.<ref name = "campbell 89-93"/> A ''[[The Daily Express|Daily Express]]'' headline read, "Drug Treatment Star Faces Life on the Run", while a ''[[News of the World]]'' headline accused Jackson of being a [[fugitive]]. These tabloids also falsely alleged that Jackson had traveled to Europe to have [[cosmetic surgery]] that would make him unrecognizable on his return.<ref name = "campbell 89-93"/> [[Geraldo Rivera]] set up a mock trial, with a jury made up of audience members, even though Jackson had not been charged with a crime.<ref>Campbell (1995), p. 104–106</ref>


==Pseudonym==
"Scream"/"Childhood" and ''HIStory'' were Jackson's first releases since the allegations and the press were waiting to see if the album would perform well. One analyst for [[SoundScan]] expressed the opinion that the press were out of touch with the public when it came to Jackson; the public liked him, while the press did not. He believed that "naysayers" in the media would be left surprised with the commercial reception to the ''HIStory'' campaign.<ref name="Time on HIStory">{{cite web |first=Christopher |last=Farley |url=http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,983063-1,00.html |title=History and hubris |publisher=''Time'' |date=[[1995-06-19]] |accessdate=2008-09-18 }}</ref>
Wilson's pseudonym, Hakim Bey, is a combination of the Arabic word for 'wise man'-as well as any "decision-maker" or "ruler"- and a last name common in the [[Moorish Science Temple]]. ''Bey'', originally a Turkic word for "chieftain," traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. In historical accounts, many Turkish, other Turkic and Persian leaders are titled bey, beg or beigh. They are all the same word with the simple meaning of "leader." Also in [[Turkish language|Turkish]], ''Hakim'' means judge and ''Bey'' is a generic word for a gentleman (mister) generally used after a name. "Ekim Bey" is also a character in Georges Gurdjieff's ''Meetings With Remarkable Men.''


===Album booklet===
==Criticism==
In the ''[[HIStory]]'' album booklet there is an image of a [[white people|white]] child in distress. The child is huddled in the corner of a white room screaming up at the ceiling. The lyrics to "Scream" as sprawled untidily on the wall beside the youngster.<ref name="HIStory Booklet p33">Jackson, Michael. ''HIStory'' booklet. Sony BMG. p 33</ref> Towards the end of the booklet it a copy of a child's letter to [[President Clinton]]. The child asks the President to end war, pollution and to stop the press report's bothering Jackson.<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/>


Wilson is a controversial figure within the anarchist milieu. Many [[Social Anarchism|social anarchists]] denounce his ideas as "[[lifestyle anarchism]]", seeing his ideas as a kind of extreme [[individualist anarchism]] that is ultimately [[apolitical]]. Many [[atheist]] and [[materialist]] anarchists dislike the tendency toward [[mysticism]], [[occultism]], and [[irrationalism]] in his work.<ref>[http://libcom.org/library/socanlifean5 5. Mystical and Irrationalist Anarchism | libcom.org<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
===Production of Scream===
"Scream" was written and composed by the Jackson siblings, [[Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis]].<ref name="HIStory Booklet p32">Jackson, Michael. ''HIStory'' booklet. Sony BMG. p 32</ref>


He has also been criticized within the social anarchist community for writing in the NAMBLA journal. <ref>[http://libcom.org/library/leaving-out-ugly-part-hakim-bey]</ref>
===Music===
Primarily, the song is a response to the backlash Jackson received from the media after being accused of child molestation in 1993.<ref>{{Citation |last=Bark |first= Ed |title = Michael Jackson Interview Raises Questions, Answers | page = 06E | publisher = ''[[St. Louis Post-Dispatch]]'' | date = [[1995-06-26]] | year = 1995}}</ref> It was Jackson's first song that contained profanity with the word "[[fuck]]", which was considered an unusual choice for Jackson considering his appeal with the younger audience. Other song's on ''HIStory'' contained words such as "[[kike]]", "[[shit]]" and "[[Nigger]]".<ref name="HIStory review NYT">{{cite web |first=Jon |last=Pareles |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CE0DD123DF93BA25755C0A963958260&scp=4&sq=HIStory+album+michael+jackson+review&st=nyt
|title=Pop View; Michael Jackson Is Angry, Understand? |publisher=''The New York Times'' |date=[[1995-06-18]] |accessdate=2008-09-18 }}</ref> Jackson tells the media to stop pressuring him and to stop misrepresenting the truth.<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/>


==Books==
Jon Pareles of ''[[The New York Times]]'' observed that "fear has turned to aggression. The music has polarized; it's either clipped, choppy and electronic or glossy and sumptuous, only occasionally trying to combine the two. Most of the time, Jackson sounds as if he's singing through clenched teeth, spitting out words in defiance of any and all persecutors".<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/> He believed that the song had a similar sound to the music of Janet Jackson's acclaimed ''[[Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814|Rhythm Nation]]''.<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/>


*''The Winter Calligraphy of Ustad Selim, & Other Poems'' (1975) (Ipswich, England) ISBN 0-903880-05-9
Journalist and author, [[J. Randy Taraborrelli]], who knows Jackson personally and has studied the singers life, expressed the opinion that "Scream" was not solely directed at the tabloid press. Taraborrelli noted several examples where the singers father—[[Joseph Jackson|Joseph]]—physically abused his children and secretly fathered a child with another woman when still married to [[Katherine Jackson]].<ref name = "tara 20-22">Taraborrelli, p. 20–22</ref><ref>Taraborrelli, p. 196</ref> Joseph also had sex with other women, which the Jackson children could hear in the next room.<ref name = "tara 32-33"/> Jackson told Taraborrelli years later that he was revolted by the thought of his father with these women.<ref name = "tara 32-33"/> Taraborrelli asserts that the lyrics "Oh, father, please, have mercy' cause I just can't take it/Stop fucking with me!" are directed at his father, not the press.<ref name = "tara 32-33">Taraborelli, p. 32–33</ref>
*''Science and Technology in Islam'' (1976) (with [[Leonard Harrow]])
*''Traditional Modes of Contemplation & Action'' (1977) (editor, with [[Yusuf Ibish]])
*''Nasir-I Khusraw: 40 Poems from the Divan'' (1977) (translator and editor, with [[Gholam Reza Aavani]]) ISBN 0-87773-730-4
*''DIVAN'' (1978) (poems, London/Tehran)
*''Kings of Love: The Poetry and History of the Nimatullahi Sufi Order of Iran'' (1978) (translator and editor, with [[Nasrollah Pourjavady]]; Tehran)
*''Angels'' (1980, 1994) ISBN 0-500-11017-4 (abridged edition: ISBN 0-500-81044-3)
*''Weaver of Tales: Persian Picture Rugs'' (1980) (with [[Karl Schlamminger]])
*''Loving Boys: Semiotext(e) Special'' (1980) (editor as Hakim Bey; Semiotext(e) (New York))
*''Divine Flashes'' (1982) (by [[Fakhruddin 'Iraqi]], translated and introduced with [[William Chittick|William C. Chittick]]; Paulist Press (Mahwah, New Jersey)) ISBN 0-8091-2372-X
*''Crowstone: The Chronicles of Qamar'' (1983) (as Hakim Bey)
*''CHAOS: The Broadsheets of Ontological Anarchism'' (1985) (as Hakim Bey; Grim Reaper Press (Weehawken, New Jersey))
*''Semiotext(e) USA'' (1987) (co-editor, with [[Jim Fleming]])
*''Scandal: Essays in Islamic Heresy'' (1988) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 0-936756-15-2
*''The Drunken Universe: An Anthology of Persian Sufi Poetry'' (1988) (translator and editor, with Nasrollah Pourjavady) ISBN 0-933999-65-8
*''Semiotext(e) SF'' (1989) (co-editor, with [[Rudy Rucker]] and [[Robert Anton Wilson]])
*''[[Temporary Autonomous Zone|TAZ: The Temporary Autonomous Zone, Ontological Anarchy, Poetic Terrorism]]'' (1991) (as Hakim Bey; incorporates full text of ''CHAOS'') ISBN 0-936756-76-4
*''The Universe: A Mirror of Itself'' (1992?) (Xexoxial Editions (La Farge, Wisconsin))
*''Immediatism'' (1992, 1994) (as Hakim Bey; originally published as ''Radio Sermonettes'') ISBN 1-873176-42-2
*''Aimless Wandering: Chuang Tzu's Chaos Linguistics'' (1993) (as Hakim Bey; Xexoxial Editions (La Farge, Wisconsin))
*''Sacred Drift: Essays on the Margins of Islam'' (1993) (City Lights Books (San Francisco)) ISBN 0-87286-275-5
*''The Little Book of Angel Wisdom'' (1993, 1997) ISBN 1-85230-436-7 ISBN 1-86204-048-6
*''O Tribe That Loves Boys: The Poetry of [[Abu Nuwas]]'' (1993) (translator and editor, as Hakim Bey) ISBN 90-800857-3-1
*"Caliban's Mask" (in ''Gone to Croatan: The Origins of American Drop-Out Culture'', Ron Sakolsky and Jim Koehnline, editors (Autonomedia, Brooklyn, New York))
*''[[Pirate utopia|Pirate Utopias: Moorish Corsairs and European Renegadoes]]'' (1995, 2003) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-158-5
*''Millennium'' (1996) (as Hakim Bey; Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York) and Garden of Delight (Dublin, Ireland)) ISBN 1-57027-045-7
*''"Shower of Stars" Dream & Book: The Initiatic Dream in Sufism and Taoism'' (1996) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-036-8
*''Escape from the Nineteenth Century and Other Essays'' (1998) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-073-2
*''Wild Children'' (1998) (co-editor, with [[Dave Mandl]])
*''Avant Gardening: Ecological Struggle in the City & the World'' (1999) (co-editor, with [[Bill Weinberg]]) ISBN 1-57027-092-9
*''Ploughing the Clouds: The Search for Irish Soma'' (1999) ISBN 0-87286-326-3
*''[[Temporary Autonomous Zone|TAZ: The Temporary Autonomous Zone, Ontological Anarchy, Poetic Terrorism, Second Edition]]'' (2003) (as Hakim Bey; incorporates full text of ''CHAOS'' and ''Aimless Wanderings''; Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-151-8
*''Orgies Of The Hemp Eaters'' (2004) (co-editor as Hakim Bey with Abel Zug) ISBN 1-57027-143-7
*''rain queer'' (2005) ([[Farfalla Press]] (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 0-9766341-1-2
*''Gothick Institutions'' (2005) ISBN 0-9770049-0-2
*''Green Hermeticism: Alchemy and Ecology''; (with [[Christopher Bamford]] and [[Kevin Townley]], Lindisfarne (2007)) ISBN 1-5842004-9-9


==References==
===Leaking of Scream===
<references />
Two weeks before the official release of "Scream", Jackson happened to hear the song on a Los Angeles radio station. The song was a closely guarded secret at Epic records, most staff members were not allowed access to a copy. Jackson wanted to find out how the station got hold of the song. The stations played "Scream" once an hour until they were served with a cease-and-desist order courtesy of Epic. Two other stations, in Philadelphia, also received similar orders. All stations denied that Epic records leaked them the song early.<ref name="Scream leaks">{{cite web |first=Neil |last=Strauss |url=http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=990CEEDE1338F936A15756C0A963958260&sec=&spon=&&scp=49&sq=Michael%20Jackson%20-%20HIStory&st=cse |title=Screaming about Scream |publisher=''The New York Times'' |date=[[1995-05-25]] |accessdate=2008-09-16 }}</ref>


==External links==
Even though they were breaking the law, the radio station programmer noted, "that some things are more important...The record company was furious, lawyers were involved and the situation got hairy...But on a release as big as Michael Jackson's, there's no way we're going to wait if we receive a leak. It's a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity because his security is really insane".<ref name="Scream leaks"/>
{{portalpar|Philosophy|Socrates.png}}

* [http://www.hermetic.com/bey/ The Writings of Hakim Bey] A considerable collection of his articles are available online here.
===Critical reaction to Scream===
* [http://www.thebrooklynrail.org/spotlight/july04/wilson.html July 2004 interview] from the Brooklyn Rail
[[Stephen Thomas Erlewine]] of [[Allmusic]] expressed the opinion that "Scream improved on the slamming beats of his earlier single [[Jam (song)|Jam]]".<ref name="ALG HIStory">{{cite web |first=Stephen |last=Erlewine |url=http://www.allmusicguide.com/cg/amg.dll?p=amg&sql=10:rz60tr7qklkx |title=Michael Jackson HIStory Overview |publisher=Allmusic |accessdate=2008-06-15}}</ref> A song that received critical acclaim in it's own right, as the recipient of two Grammy nominations: Best R&B Vocal Performance and Best R&B Song.<ref>George, p. 45–46</ref> [[James Hunter]] of ''[[Rolling Stone (magazine)|Rolling Stone]]'' noted that "the excellent current single "Scream" or the first-rate R&B ballad "[[You Are Not Alone]]" – manage to link the incidents of Jackson's infamous recent past to universal concepts like injustice or isolation. When he bases his music in the bluntness of hip-hop, Jackson sketches funky scenarios denouncing greed, blanket unreliability and false accusation".<ref name="RS HIStory">{{cite news|first=James |last=Hunter |url=http://www.rollingstone.com/artists/michaeljackson/albums/album/312830/review/5943497/history_past_present_and_future_book_1
* [http://affinityproject.org/interviews/plw1.html January 2006 Affinity Project Interview Part One], On Islam
|title=Michael Jackson HIStory |work=[[Rolling Stone]] |date=[[1995-08-10]] |accessdate=2008-07-23}}</ref> He went on to say, "'Scream' and 'Tabloid Junkie', two adventurous Jam and Lewis thumpers, work completely: Jackson's slippery voice is caught in mammoth funk-rock constructions. They're reminiscent of Janet Jackson's hits, in which Jam and Lewis allow space for lush vocal harmonies taken from the [[Triumph (The Jacksons album)|Triumph]]-era [[The Jackson 5|Jacksons]]; the choruses of "Tabloid Junkie" in particular sing out with quick-voiced warnings about the failings of media truth".<ref name="RS HIStory"/>
* [http://sasha.miltsov.org/krasoty/bey1 How many times do we have to educate these fucking fools?"] — An interview by Alexandre Miltsov (spring 2005) [http://sasha.miltsov.org/krasoty/bey1 part 1] [http://sasha.miltsov.org/krasoty/bey2 part 2] [http://sasha.miltsov.org/krasoty/bey3 part 3] [http://sasha.miltsov.org/krasoty/bey4 part 4]
* [http://commoncontent.org/catalog/audio/speech/3700/ Audio of 1993 talk] featuring Hakim Bey
"Scream" was nominated for "Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals" at the 1996 [[American Music Awards]] and shortly afterward it gained a [[Grammy]] nomination for "Best Pop Collaboration with Vocals".<ref name = "George 48-50"/>
* [http://www.rootsofrebellion.org/index.asp?pagemode=I&ID=127 Roots of Rebellion audio interview] with Hakim Bey

* [http://underminedeology.blogspot.com/2007_06_01_archive.html Obituary of Robert Anton Wilson from Fifth Estate] by Lamborn Wilson.
===Scream music video===
* [http://www.realitysandwich.com/blog/3911 Peter Lamborn Wilson's blog on Reality Sandwich]
[[Image:Michaeljanetscream.jpg|thumb|300px|left|In "Scream", Jackson and his sister Janet angrily retaliate against the media for misrepresenting them to the public. The acclaimed video was shot primarily in black and white, at a cost of $7 million.]]
The 4:46 minute music video for "Scream", directed by [[Mark Romanek]] and production designer Tom Foden, is one of Jackson's most critically acclaimed. The song and its accompanying video are a response to the backlash Jackson received from the media after being accused of child molestation in 1993.<ref name="HIStory Volume 2 dvd"/><ref>{{Citation |last=Bark |first= Ed |title = Michael Jackson Interview Raises Questions, Answers | page = 06E | publisher = ''[[St. Louis Post-Dispatch]]'' | date = [[1995-06-26]] | year = 1995}}</ref> Foden commented "Mark had written the treatment and the general idea was that Michael and Janet were on this large spacecraft. And they, were alone&nbsp;...&nbsp;They were getting away from Earth, and the different sets were the different environments on the spacecraft where they could have a little bit of fun and where they could relax".<ref name="TCI"/> Production of the music video's 13-piece set was restricted to a one-month period and was produced by Foden art directors [[Richard Berg]], [[Jeff Hall]], and Martin Mervel.<ref name="TCI"/> Foden described the assignment as a "military operation" as he explained "[t]he idea was to give each of the art directors three sets: a complicated one, a not-so-complicated one, and one of the smaller, easier vignettes."<ref name="TCI"/> The video premiered in the summer of 1995, on [[MTV]] and [[BET]] and the next evening on [[American Broadcasting Company|ABC-TV]]'s "[[Primetime (TV series)|Primetime Live]]" during [[Diane Sawyer]]'s interview with Jackson and [[Lisa Marie Presley]]. The interview was broadcast to approximately 64 million viewers.<ref name = "George 48-50"/>

Heather Phares of Allmusic described the video as a "stylish, interstellar clip".<ref name="HIStory Volume 2 dvd">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/discography/index.jsp?pid=4902&aid=367132#review |title=History on Film, Vol. 2
|publisher=''Billboard'' |accessdate=2008-09-15 }}</ref> James Hunter of ''Rolling Stone'' called it a contemporary video, "in which Michael and his sister Janet jump around like '90s fashion kids trapped in a spaceship stolen from a Barbarella film set".<ref name="RS HIStory"/>

In 1995, it gained 11 [[MTV Video Music Awards|MTV Video Music Award Nomination]]s—more than any other music video—and won "Best Dance Video", "Best Choreography", and "Best Art Direction".<ref name="TCI">{{Citation |last=Boepple |first= Leanne |title = Scream: space odyssey Jackson-style.(video production; Michael and Janet Jackson video) | page = 52 |volume=29 | publisher = ''Theatre Crafts International'' | date = [[1995-11-01]] | year = 1995 |issn=1063-9497}}</ref><ref name = "George 48-50"/> It was also given a [[Billboard Music Award]] for best Pop/Rock video.<ref name = "George 48-50"/> A year later, it won a Grammy for Best Music Video, Short Form; shortly afterward ''Guinness World Records'' listed it as the [[List of most expensive music videos|most expensive music video ever made]] at a cost of $7&nbsp;million.<ref name = "George 48-50">George, p. 48–50</ref><ref>''Guinness World Records 2006''</ref>

In 2001, VH1 placed "Scream" at number nine on their list of the 100 greatest music videos.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/search/google/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=856515 |title=VH1 Ranks 'Thriller' As Greatest Video |publisher=''Billboard'' |date=[[2001-05-12]] |accessdate=2008-09-15 }}</ref>

==Childhood==
===Album booklet===
In the ''HIStory'' album booklet there is a drawing of Michael Jackson as a child. He is huddled in corner of the room and looks scared. The electric cord of his microphone has snapped. On one corner wall are the lyrics to "Childhood", the other wall shows Jackson's signature.<ref name="HIStory Booklet p34">Jackson, Michael. ''HIStory'' booklet. Sony BMG. p 34</ref><ref name="HIStory review NYT"/>

===Production===
"Childhood" was a song written, produced and sung by Michael Jackson.<ref name="HIStory Volume 2 dvd"/> It became the theme song for ''[[Free Willy 2]]''.<ref name="HIStory Volume 2 dvd"/> New York Cities children's choir are also credited on the song.<ref name="HIStory Booklet p40">Jackson, Michael. ''HIStory'' booklet. Sony BMG. p 40</ref> Jackson has said that if one should want to know him, they should listen to "Childhood", saying, "It's the most honest song I've ever written". Taraborrelli observed that the song was note purely about his bad childhood years, it was also a plea for compassion and understanding.<ref>Taraborrelli, p. 437</ref>

===Music===
Jon Pareles described it as a "defense show"..."Over tinkling keyboards and strings that could be sweeping across a Cinemascope panorama, he croons [the lyrics]".<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/> He described it as creepy yet lushest.<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/> In the song, Jackson states, "No one understands me"..."They view it as such strange eccentricities, 'cause I keep kidding around." He invokes "the painful youth I've had", and asks the public to, "Try hard to love me" and, with a breaking voice, asks, "Have you seen my childhood?".<ref name="HIStory review NYT"/> James Hunter believed, "uncut Hollywood fluff like "Childhood"...has zero point of view on itself; its blend of rampaging ego and static orchestral pop is a [[Barbra Streisand|Streisand]]-size mistake".<ref name="RS HIStory"/>

===Live===
The song was not performed the [[HIStory World Tour|''HIStory'' World Tour]]. Jackson was supposed to perform the song at the [[Grammy Awards of 1996]] where he was nominated for [[Grammy Award for Album of the Year|Album of the Year]]. However, the performance was canceled.

===Childhood music video===
The video for "Childhood" is 4:27 minutes long.<ref name="HIStory Volume 2 dvd"/>

==Commercial reception of Scream/Childhood==
The double A-side was a worldwide hit. In the US it was the first song in the 37 year history of ''Billboard'' to debut at number five—where it peaked.<ref name = "George 48-50"/> By the end of August 1995 it was certified Gold and Platinum by the [[RIAA]] for shipment's of a million copies in the US.<ref name="Scream/childhood RIAA cert">{{cite web |url=http://www.riaa.com/goldandplatinumdata.php?table=SEARCH |title=Gold and platinum |publisher=RIAA |accessdate=2008-09-15 }}</ref> It reached number one in Italy and New Zealand, number two in Australia and Norway and number three in the UK. It became a top five hit in every major music market.<ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/><ref>[http://www.hitparadeitalia.it/hp_yends/hpe1995.htm Hit parade Italia] accessed [[May 30]], [[2008]]</ref> A remix of "Scream" was also issued in the UK which charted at number 43.<ref name = "George 48-50"/>

==Charts==
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!align="left"|Chart (1995)
!align="left"|Peak<br>position
|-
|align="left"|Australia
|align="center"|2 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Austria
|align="center"|9 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Belgium (Vl)
|align="center"|5 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Belgium (Wa)
|align="center"|3 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Netherlands
|align="center"|4 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Franch
|align="center"|4 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Italy
|align="center"|1 <ref>[http://www.hitparadeitalia.it/hp_yends/hpe1995.htm Hit parade Italia] accessed [[May 30]], [[2008]]</ref>
|-
|align="left"|New Zealand
|align="center"|1 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop ">{{cite web |url=http://www.ultratop.be/nl/showitem.asp?interpret=Michael+Jackson+%26+Janet+Jackson&titel=Scream&cat=s |title=M. Jackson & J. Jackson - Scream (nummer) |publisher=www.ultratop.be |accessdate=2008-09-14 }}</ref>
|-
|align="left"|Norway
|align="center"|2 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Sweden
|align="center"|8 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|Switzerland
|align="center"|3 <ref name=" 'Scream/Childhood' charts ultratop "/>
|-
|align="left"|UK
|align="center"|3 <ref name = "George 48-50"/>
|-
|align="left"|UK ("Scream" official remix)
|align="center"|43 <ref name = "George 48-50"/>
|-
|align="left"|US ''Billboard'' Hot 100
|align="center"|5 <ref name="Billboard Hot 100 - Scream">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=379&cfgn=Singles&cfn=The+Billboard+Hot+100&ci=3020425&cdi=6950554&cid=06%2F17%2F1995 |title=''Billboard'' Hot 100 - Scream |publisher=''Billboard'' |accessdate=2008-09-14 }}</ref>
|-
|align="left"|US ''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs
|align="center"|2 <ref name="Billboard Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs - Scream">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=367&cfgn=Singles&cfn=Hot+R%26amp%3BB%2FHip-Hop+Songs&ci=3020930&cdi=6968992&cid=08%2F26%2F1995 |title=''Billboard'' Hot R&B/Hip Hop Songs - Scream |publisher=''Billboard'' |accessdate=2008-09-14 }}</ref>
|-
|align="left"|US ''Billboard'' Hot Dance Club Play
|align="center"|1 <ref name="Billboard Hot Dance - Scream">{{cite web |url=http://www.billboard.com/bbcom/esearch/chart_display.jsp?cfi=359&cfgn=Singles&cfn=Hot+Dance+Club+Play&ci=3021233&cdi=6980263&cid=09%2F02%2F1995 |title=Hot Dance Club Play - Scream |publisher=''Billboard'' |accessdate=2008-09-14 }}</ref>
|}

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
*{{cite book|last=Campbell|first=Lisa|title=Michael Jackson: The King of Pops Darkest Hour|publisher=Branden|year=1995|isbn=0828320039}}
*[[Nelson George|George, Nelson]] (2004). ''[[Michael Jackson: The Ultimate Collection]]'' booklet. [[Sony BMG]].
*{{cite book |last=Taraborrelli |first=J. Randy |authorlink=J. Randy Taraborrelli |title=The Magic and the Madness |year=2004 |publisher=Headline |location=Terra Alta, WV |id=ISBN 0-330-42005-4 }}
{{Michael Jackson}}
{{Michael Jackson singles}}
{{Janet Jackson}}
{{Janet Jackson singles}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Wilson, Peter Lamborn}}
[[Category:1995 singles]]
[[Category:Janet Jackson songs]]
[[Category:1945 births]]
[[Category:Michael Jackson songs]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Billboard Hot Dance Club Play number-one singles]]
[[Category:American anarchists]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in New Zealand]]
[[Category:American occult writers]]
[[Category:Number-one singles in Italy]]
[[Category:American poets]]
[[Category:Music videos directed by Mark Romanek]]
[[Category:American political philosophers]]
[[Category:Vocal duets]]
[[Category:American SubGenii]]
[[Category:Anarchism theorists]]
[[Category:History of mystic traditions]]
[[Category:Islamic politics and Islamic world studies]]
[[Category:Postmodernists]]
[[Category:Traditionalism]]
[[Category:Underground culture]]
[[Category:Living anarchists]]


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Revision as of 11:04, 11 October 2008

"Hakim Bey" redirects here. For This article concerns Peter Lamborn Wilson, a political writer affiliated with the Moorish Orthodox Church of America. Another member of the Moorish Science Temple of America and author of the Journal of Moorish Paradigm is also named Hakim Bey, see Hakim Bey (disambiguation).
File:Bey hakim.jpg
Peter Lamborn Wilson

Peter Lamborn Wilson (born 1945) is an American political writer, essayist, and poet, known for first proposing the concept of the Temporary Autonomous Zone (TAZ), based on a historical review of pirate utopias. Wilson also writes under the name Hakim Bey.

Life and work

Wilson's early work is described in the translator's biography of one of his earliest works:

After studying at Columbia University, he did extensive traveling in the Middle East, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India and Nepal. He studied Tantra in West Bengal and visited many Sufi shrines and masters. In 1971 he undertook research on the Ni'matullahi funded by the Marsden Foundation of New York.[1]

This research was the basis of Wilson's book Kings of Love. The biography continues:

During 1974 and 1975 he was consultant in London and Tehran for the World of Islam Festival. In 1974 he became director of English language publications at the Imperial Iranian Academy of Philosophy in Tehran under Seyyed Hossein Nasr, and he studied, worked with, and published books by Nasr, Toshihiko Izutsu, Henry Corbin and others. He was editor of Sophia Perennis, the Journal of the IIAP.

Wilson left Iran during the Islamic Revolution. In the 1980s, his ideas evolved from a kind of Guénonist neo-traditionalism to a synthesis of anarchism and Situationist ideas with heterodox Sufism and Neopaganism, describing his ideas as "anarchist ontology" or "immediatism". In the past he has worked with the not-for-profit publishing project Autonomedia, in Brooklyn, New York.

In addition to his writings on anarchism and Temporary Autonomous Zones, Wilson has written essays on such diverse topics as Tong traditions, the utopian Charles Fourier, the fascist Gabriele D'Annunzio, the connections between Sufism and ancient Celtic culture, sacred pederasty in the Sufi tradition, technology and Luddism, and Amanita muscaria use in ancient Ireland.

Wilson's poetic texts and poems have appeared in: P.A.N.; Panthology One, Two, and Three; Ganymede; Exquisite Corpse; NAMBLA Bulletin (a publication of the North American Man/Boy Love Association) and the various Acolyte Reader paperbacks. Many of these poems, including the 'Sandburg' series, are collected in the as-yet unpublished DogStar volume. Currently his works can be found regularly in publications like Fifth Estate and the NYC-based First of the Month.

He has also published at least one novel, The Chronicles of Qamar: Crowstone (a sword and sorcery boy-love tale).

Wilson, especially because of his TAZ work, has often been embraced by Rave culture. Ravers have identified the experience and occasion of raves as part of the tradition of "Temporary Autonomous Zones" that Wilson outlines, particularly the "free party" or Teknival scene. Wilson has been supportive of the rave connection, while remarking in an interview, "The ravers were among my biggest readers... I wish they would rethink all this techno stuff — they didn’t get that part of my writing."[2]

Pseudonym

Wilson's pseudonym, Hakim Bey, is a combination of the Arabic word for 'wise man'-as well as any "decision-maker" or "ruler"- and a last name common in the Moorish Science Temple. Bey, originally a Turkic word for "chieftain," traditionally applied to the leaders of small tribal groups. In historical accounts, many Turkish, other Turkic and Persian leaders are titled bey, beg or beigh. They are all the same word with the simple meaning of "leader." Also in Turkish, Hakim means judge and Bey is a generic word for a gentleman (mister) generally used after a name. "Ekim Bey" is also a character in Georges Gurdjieff's Meetings With Remarkable Men.

Criticism

Wilson is a controversial figure within the anarchist milieu. Many social anarchists denounce his ideas as "lifestyle anarchism", seeing his ideas as a kind of extreme individualist anarchism that is ultimately apolitical. Many atheist and materialist anarchists dislike the tendency toward mysticism, occultism, and irrationalism in his work.[3]

He has also been criticized within the social anarchist community for writing in the NAMBLA journal. [4]

Books

  • The Winter Calligraphy of Ustad Selim, & Other Poems (1975) (Ipswich, England) ISBN 0-903880-05-9
  • Science and Technology in Islam (1976) (with Leonard Harrow)
  • Traditional Modes of Contemplation & Action (1977) (editor, with Yusuf Ibish)
  • Nasir-I Khusraw: 40 Poems from the Divan (1977) (translator and editor, with Gholam Reza Aavani) ISBN 0-87773-730-4
  • DIVAN (1978) (poems, London/Tehran)
  • Kings of Love: The Poetry and History of the Nimatullahi Sufi Order of Iran (1978) (translator and editor, with Nasrollah Pourjavady; Tehran)
  • Angels (1980, 1994) ISBN 0-500-11017-4 (abridged edition: ISBN 0-500-81044-3)
  • Weaver of Tales: Persian Picture Rugs (1980) (with Karl Schlamminger)
  • Loving Boys: Semiotext(e) Special (1980) (editor as Hakim Bey; Semiotext(e) (New York))
  • Divine Flashes (1982) (by Fakhruddin 'Iraqi, translated and introduced with William C. Chittick; Paulist Press (Mahwah, New Jersey)) ISBN 0-8091-2372-X
  • Crowstone: The Chronicles of Qamar (1983) (as Hakim Bey)
  • CHAOS: The Broadsheets of Ontological Anarchism (1985) (as Hakim Bey; Grim Reaper Press (Weehawken, New Jersey))
  • Semiotext(e) USA (1987) (co-editor, with Jim Fleming)
  • Scandal: Essays in Islamic Heresy (1988) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 0-936756-15-2
  • The Drunken Universe: An Anthology of Persian Sufi Poetry (1988) (translator and editor, with Nasrollah Pourjavady) ISBN 0-933999-65-8
  • Semiotext(e) SF (1989) (co-editor, with Rudy Rucker and Robert Anton Wilson)
  • TAZ: The Temporary Autonomous Zone, Ontological Anarchy, Poetic Terrorism (1991) (as Hakim Bey; incorporates full text of CHAOS) ISBN 0-936756-76-4
  • The Universe: A Mirror of Itself (1992?) (Xexoxial Editions (La Farge, Wisconsin))
  • Immediatism (1992, 1994) (as Hakim Bey; originally published as Radio Sermonettes) ISBN 1-873176-42-2
  • Aimless Wandering: Chuang Tzu's Chaos Linguistics (1993) (as Hakim Bey; Xexoxial Editions (La Farge, Wisconsin))
  • Sacred Drift: Essays on the Margins of Islam (1993) (City Lights Books (San Francisco)) ISBN 0-87286-275-5
  • The Little Book of Angel Wisdom (1993, 1997) ISBN 1-85230-436-7 ISBN 1-86204-048-6
  • O Tribe That Loves Boys: The Poetry of Abu Nuwas (1993) (translator and editor, as Hakim Bey) ISBN 90-800857-3-1
  • "Caliban's Mask" (in Gone to Croatan: The Origins of American Drop-Out Culture, Ron Sakolsky and Jim Koehnline, editors (Autonomedia, Brooklyn, New York))
  • Pirate Utopias: Moorish Corsairs and European Renegadoes (1995, 2003) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-158-5
  • Millennium (1996) (as Hakim Bey; Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York) and Garden of Delight (Dublin, Ireland)) ISBN 1-57027-045-7
  • "Shower of Stars" Dream & Book: The Initiatic Dream in Sufism and Taoism (1996) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-036-8
  • Escape from the Nineteenth Century and Other Essays (1998) (Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-073-2
  • Wild Children (1998) (co-editor, with Dave Mandl)
  • Avant Gardening: Ecological Struggle in the City & the World (1999) (co-editor, with Bill Weinberg) ISBN 1-57027-092-9
  • Ploughing the Clouds: The Search for Irish Soma (1999) ISBN 0-87286-326-3
  • TAZ: The Temporary Autonomous Zone, Ontological Anarchy, Poetic Terrorism, Second Edition (2003) (as Hakim Bey; incorporates full text of CHAOS and Aimless Wanderings; Autonomedia (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 1-57027-151-8
  • Orgies Of The Hemp Eaters (2004) (co-editor as Hakim Bey with Abel Zug) ISBN 1-57027-143-7
  • rain queer (2005) (Farfalla Press (Brooklyn, New York)) ISBN 0-9766341-1-2
  • Gothick Institutions (2005) ISBN 0-9770049-0-2
  • Green Hermeticism: Alchemy and Ecology; (with Christopher Bamford and Kevin Townley, Lindisfarne (2007)) ISBN 1-5842004-9-9

References

  1. ^ Fakhruddin 'Iraqi: Divine Flashes, page viii. Paulist Press, 1983.
  2. ^ An Anarchist in the Hudson Valley Brooklyn Rail, July 2004
  3. ^ 5. Mystical and Irrationalist Anarchism | libcom.org
  4. ^ [1]

External links

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