Pelinna: Difference between revisions
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'''Pelinna''' (Πέλιννα)<ref>{{Cite Stephanus|''s.v.''}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Pliny|4.8.15}}</ref> or '''Pelinnaeum'''<ref>{{Cite Livy|36.10.}}</ref> ({{lang-gr|Πελινναῖον}})<ref>so in Scylax and Pindar, ''P.'' 10.4.</ref><ref name=Strabo>{{Cite Strabo|ix. p.437}}</ref><ref name=Arrian>[[Arrian]], ''Anabasis'', 1.7.</ref> was a an [[ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] [[polis|city]] of [[Ancient Thessaly]], in the district [[Histiaeotis]], a little above the left bank of the [[Peneius]].<ref name=Strabo/> |
'''Pelinna''' (Πέλιννα)<ref>{{Cite Stephanus|''s.v.''}}</ref><ref>{{Cite Pliny|4.8.15}}</ref> or '''Pelinnaeum'''<ref>{{Cite Livy|36.10.}}</ref> ({{lang-gr|Πελινναῖον}})<ref>so in Scylax and Pindar, ''P.'' 10.4.</ref><ref name=Strabo>{{Cite Strabo|ix. p.437}}</ref><ref name=Arrian>[[Arrian]], ''Anabasis'', 1.7.</ref> was a an [[ancient Greece|ancient Greek]] [[polis|city]] of [[Ancient Thessaly]], in the district [[Histiaeotis]], a little above the left bank of the [[Peneius]].<ref name=Strabo/> |
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The city had a celebrated [[Greek temple|temple]] of ''[[Zeus]] Pelinnaeus''. Pelinna was situated between [[Tricca]] and [[Pharcadon]], near modern [[Palaiogardiki]] ([[Trikala (regional unit)|Trikala regional unit]]). The city gained particular prominence in the fourth century |
The city had a celebrated [[Greek temple|temple]] of ''[[Zeus]] Pelinnaeus''. Pelinna was situated between [[Tricca]] and [[Pharcadon]], near modern [[Palaiogardiki]] ([[Trikala (regional unit)|Trikala regional unit]]). The city gained particular prominence in the fourth century BCE through its alliance with [[Philip II of Macedon]].<ref>S. Miller, Two Groups of Thessalian Gold Page 25 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979)</ref> Among other archaeological evidence of the religious significance of Pelinna are two [[Orphic]] gold tablets (''[[Totenpass|lamellae]]'') found in 1985 on the site of Petroporos,<ref>''Instructions for the netherworld: the Orphic gold tablets'' By Alberto Bernabé, Alberto Bernabé Pajares, Ana Isabel Jiménez San Cristóbal Page 61 {{ISBN|90-04-16371-9}}</ref> dating to the late 4th centurynbsp;BCE.<ref>For the Greek text of one of the ''lamellae'', see PHI Greek Inscriptions [http://epigraphy.packhum.org/inscriptions/oi?ikey=296911&bookid=172®ion=3&subregion=9&area=Hestiaiotis&site=Pelinna?%20(Petroporos-Palaiogardiki)SEG 37:497A]</ref> |
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It seems to have been a place of some importance even in the time of [[Pindar]]. [[Alexander the Great]] passed through the town in his rapid march from [[Illyria]] to [[Boeotia]].<ref name=Arrian/> It did not revolt from the [[Ancient Macedonians|Macedonians]] together with the other Thessalians after the death of Alexander the Great.<ref>{{Cite Diodorus|18.11.}}</ref> In the war between [[Antiochus III the Great]] and the [[ancient Rome|Romans]], 191 BCE, Pelinna was occupied by the [[Athamanians]], but was soon afterwards recovered by the Romans.<ref>{{Cite Livy|36.10, 14.}}</ref> There are considerable remains of Pelinna at Palaiogardíki. [[William Martin Leake]], describing the situation in the 19th century, stated that "the city occupied the face of a rocky height, together with a large quadrangular space at the foot of it on the south. The southern wall is more than half a mile in length, and the whole circumference near three miles."<ref>[[William Martin Leake|Leake]], ''Northern Greece'', vol. iv. p. 288.</ref> [[Joseph Hilarius Eckhel]] writes that the coins of this town bore the inscription Πεληναῖον.<ref>Eckhel, ''Doctrina numorum veterum'', vol. ii. p. 146.</ref> The nearby modern town of [[Pelinnaioi]] reflects the ancient name. |
It seems to have been a place of some importance even in the time of [[Pindar]]. [[Alexander the Great]] passed through the town in his rapid march from [[Illyria]] to [[Boeotia]].<ref name=Arrian/> It did not revolt from the [[Ancient Macedonians|Macedonians]] together with the other Thessalians after the death of Alexander the Great.<ref>{{Cite Diodorus|18.11.}}</ref> In the war between [[Antiochus III the Great]] and the [[ancient Rome|Romans]], 191 BCE, Pelinna was occupied by the [[Athamanians]], but was soon afterwards recovered by the Romans.<ref>{{Cite Livy|36.10, 14.}}</ref> There are considerable remains of Pelinna at Palaiogardíki. [[William Martin Leake]], describing the situation in the 19th century, stated that "the city occupied the face of a rocky height, together with a large quadrangular space at the foot of it on the south. The southern wall is more than half a mile in length, and the whole circumference near three miles."<ref>[[William Martin Leake|Leake]], ''Northern Greece'', vol. iv. p. 288.</ref> [[Joseph Hilarius Eckhel]] writes that the coins of this town bore the inscription Πεληναῖον.<ref>Eckhel, ''Doctrina numorum veterum'', vol. ii. p. 146.</ref> The nearby modern town of [[Pelinnaioi]] reflects the ancient name. |
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Revision as of 23:23, 24 August 2018
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| O: Horseman striking at fallen Hoplite with javelin | R: Warrior holding shield
ΠΕΛΙNNA_ION |
| bronze coin from Pelinna struck 400-344 BC. | |
39°34′N 21°56′E / 39.567°N 21.933°E Pelinna (Πέλιννα)[1][2] or Pelinnaeum[3] (Greek: Πελινναῖον)[4][5][6] was a an ancient Greek city of Ancient Thessaly, in the district Histiaeotis, a little above the left bank of the Peneius.[5]
The city had a celebrated temple of Zeus Pelinnaeus. Pelinna was situated between Tricca and Pharcadon, near modern Palaiogardiki (Trikala regional unit). The city gained particular prominence in the fourth century BCE through its alliance with Philip II of Macedon.[7] Among other archaeological evidence of the religious significance of Pelinna are two Orphic gold tablets (lamellae) found in 1985 on the site of Petroporos,[8] dating to the late 4th centurynbsp;BCE.[9]
It seems to have been a place of some importance even in the time of Pindar. Alexander the Great passed through the town in his rapid march from Illyria to Boeotia.[6] It did not revolt from the Macedonians together with the other Thessalians after the death of Alexander the Great.[10] In the war between Antiochus III the Great and the Romans, 191 BCE, Pelinna was occupied by the Athamanians, but was soon afterwards recovered by the Romans.[11] There are considerable remains of Pelinna at Palaiogardíki. William Martin Leake, describing the situation in the 19th century, stated that "the city occupied the face of a rocky height, together with a large quadrangular space at the foot of it on the south. The southern wall is more than half a mile in length, and the whole circumference near three miles."[12] Joseph Hilarius Eckhel writes that the coins of this town bore the inscription Πεληναῖον.[13] The nearby modern town of Pelinnaioi reflects the ancient name.
References
- ^ Stephanus of Byzantium. Ethnica. Vol. s.v.
- ^ Pliny. Naturalis Historia. Vol. 4.8.15.
- ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 36.10.
- ^ so in Scylax and Pindar, P. 10.4.
- ^ a b Strabo. Geographica. Vol. ix. p.437. Page numbers refer to those of Isaac Casaubon's edition.
- ^ a b Arrian, Anabasis, 1.7.
- ^ S. Miller, Two Groups of Thessalian Gold Page 25 (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1979)
- ^ Instructions for the netherworld: the Orphic gold tablets By Alberto Bernabé, Alberto Bernabé Pajares, Ana Isabel Jiménez San Cristóbal Page 61 ISBN 90-04-16371-9
- ^ For the Greek text of one of the lamellae, see PHI Greek Inscriptions 37:497A
- ^ Diodorus Siculus. Bibliotheca historica (Historical Library). Vol. 18.11.
- ^ Livy. Ab urbe condita Libri [History of Rome]. Vol. 36.10, 14.
- ^ Leake, Northern Greece, vol. iv. p. 288.
- ^ Eckhel, Doctrina numorum veterum, vol. ii. p. 146.
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Smith, William, ed. (1854–1857). "Pelinna". Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography. London: John Murray.