International Telecommunication Union and Notosuchidae: Difference between pages

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{{Taxobox
{{redirect|ITU}}
|name = Notosuchidae
{{Infobox UN
|fossil_range = {{Fossil range|90|83}} [[Turonian]] - [[Santonian]]
| name = International Telecommunication Union<br/>Union internationale des télécommunications<br/>Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones<br/>Международный союз электросвязи<br/>الاتحاد الدولي للاتصالات<br/>国际电信联盟<br>국제 전기 통신 연합
| image = Flag of ITU.svg
|image =
|image_width =
| image size = 200px
|image_caption =
| caption = Flag of the ITU
|regnum = [[Animal]]ia
| type = UN agency
|phylum = [[Chordata]]
| acronyms = ITU<br/>UIT
|classis = [[Reptile|Sauropsida]]
| head = {{flagicon|MLI}} [[Hamadoun Touré]]
|subclassis = [[Diapsida]]
| status = Active
| established = [[May 17]] [[1865]]
|infraclassis = [[Archosauromorpha]]
|superordo = [[Crocodylomorpha]]
| headquarters = {{flagicon|CHE}} [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]]
|unranked_subordo = [[Mesoeucrocodylia]]
| website = http://www.itu.int/
|subordo = [[Notosuchia]]
| parent =
|familia = '''Notosuchidae'''
| subsidiaries =
|familia_authority = Dollo, 1924
| commons =
| subdivision_ranks = [[genera]]
| footnotes =
| subdivision =
*''[[Notosuchus]]''
*''[[Mariliasuchus]]''
}}
}}
[[Image:ITU monument, Bern.jpg|thumb|230px|Monument in [[Berne]], [[Switzerland]]. The text reads: "Union Télégraphique Internationale fondée à Paris en 1865 sur l'initiative du gouvernement français. Érigé par décision de l'Union Télégraphique prise à la conférence internationale de Lisbonne en 1908." (In English: "International Telegraph Union founded at Paris in 1865 on the initiative of the French government. [This monument] erected by a decision of the Telegraph Union made at the international conference at Lisbon in 1908.")]]


'''Notosuchidae''' is a [[Gondwana]]n family of small-bodied terrestrial [[mesoeucrocodylia]]ns that lived during the [[Late Cretaceous]].
The '''International Telecommunication Union''' is an [[international organization]] established to standardize and regulate international radio and [[telecommunication]]s. It was founded as the ''International Telegraph Union'' in [[Paris]] on [[May 17]], [[1865]]. Its main tasks include [[standardization]], allocation of the [[radio]] spectrum, and organizing interconnection arrangements between different countries to allow international phone calls — in which regard it performs for telecommunications a similar function to what the [[UPU]] performs for postal services. It is one of the [[Specialized agency | specialized agencies]] of the [[United Nations]], and has its headquarters in [[Geneva]], [[Switzerland]], next to the main United Nations campus.


==Composition==
==Genera==
*''Notosuchus'': genus from the [[Coniacian]] - [[Santonian]] of [[Argentina]].<ref name="Hugo & Leanza, 2001"> Hugo CA, Leanza HA. 2001. Hoja Geológica 3969-IV, General Roca. Provincias de Río Negro y Neuquén. ''Boletín Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino, Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales'' '''308''': 1-65. </ref>
*''Mariliasuchus'': genus from the [[Turonian]] - Santonian of [[Brazil]].<ref name="Candeiro et al., 2006">Candeiro CRA, Martinelli AG, Avilla LS, Rich TH. 2006. Tetrapods from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian-Maastrichtian) Bauru Group of Brazil: a reappraisal. ''Cretaceous Research'' '''27''' (6): 923-946.</ref>


==References==
The ITU is made up of three sectors:

* The [[ITU-T|Telecommunication Standardization Sector]], '''ITU-T''', whose secretariat is the [[Telecommunication Standardization Bureau]] or TSB, known prior to 1992 as the International Telephone and Telegraph Consultative Committee or '''CCITT''' (from its French name "Comité consultatif international téléphonique et télégraphique");
* The [[ITU-R|Radiocommunication Sector]], '''ITU-R''', whose secretariat is the [[Radiocommunication Bureau]] or BR, known prior to 1992 as the International Radio Consultative Committee or '''CCIR''' (from its French name "Comité consultatif international des radiocommunications");
* The [[ITU-D|Telecommunication Development Sector]], '''ITU-D''', whose secretariat is the [[Telecommunication Development Bureau]] or BDT, created in 1992.

A permanent General Secretariat, headed by the Secretary General, manages the day-to-day work of the Union and its sectors.

== Leadership ==

The ITU is headed by a Secretary-General, who is elected to a four-year term by the member states at the [[plenipotentiary conference]].

At the 17th Plenipotentiary Conference (2006) in [[Antalya]], [[Turkey]], the ITU's Member States elected Dr. [[Hamadoun Touré]] of [[Mali]] as Secretary-General of the Union.<ref> [http://www.cellular-news.com/story/20373.php Report on election of Toure]</ref>

== Directors and Secretaries-general of ITU ==

{|border=0 cellpadding=2 cellspacing=2 width=100%
|- valign=top bgcolor=#99CCFF
|colspan="4" align=center|'''Directors of ITU'''
|- bgcolor=#99CCFF
|'''Name'''
|'''Beginning of Term'''
|'''End of Term'''
|'''Country'''
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Louis Curchod]]
|[[1 January]] [[1869]]
|[[24 May]] [[1872]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Karl Lendi]]
|[[24 May]] [[1872]]
|[[12 January]] [[1873]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Louis Curchod]]
|[[23 February]] [[1873]]
|[[18 October]] [[1889]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[August Frey]]
|[[25 February]] [[1890]]
|[[28 June ]] 1890
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Timotheus Rothen]]
|[[25 November]] [[1890]]
|[[11 February ]] 1897
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Emil Frey]]
|[[11 March]] [[1897]]
|[[1 August]] [[1921]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Henri Étienne]]
|[[2 August]] 1921
|[[16 December]] [[1927]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Joseph Räder]]
|[[1 February]] [[1928]]
|[[30 October]] [[1934]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Franz von Ernst]]
|[[1 January]] [[1935]]
|[[1 January]] [[1949]]
|[[Image:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] [[Switzerland]]
|- valign=top bgcolor=#99CCFF
|colspan="4" align=center|'''Secretaries general'''
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Léon Mulatier]]
|[[1 January ]] 1950
|[[1 January]] [[1953]]
|[[Image:Flag of France.svg|25px]] [[France]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Marco Aurelio Andrada]]
|[[1 January]] [[1954]]
|[[18 June]] [[1958]]
|[[Image:Flag of Argentina.svg|25px]] [[Argentina]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Gerald C. Cross]]
|[[1 January]] [[1964]]
|[[29 October]] [[1965]]
|[[Image:Flag of the United States.svg|25px]] [[United States]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
| [[Manohar Balaji Sarwate ]]
|[[30 October]] [[1965]]
|[[19 February]] [[1967]]
|[[Image:Flag of India.svg|25px]] [[India]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
| [[Mohamed Ezzedine Mili ]]
|[[20 October]] [[1967]]
|[[31 December]] [[1982]]
|[[Image:Flag of Tunisia.svg|25px]] [[Tunisia]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Richard E. Butler]]
|[[1 January]] [[1983]]
|[[31 October]] [[1989]]
|[[Image:Flag of Australia.svg|25px]] [[Australia]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Pekka Tarjanne]]
|[[1 November]] [[1989]]
|[[31 January]] [[1999]]
|[[Image:Flag of Finland.svg|25px]] [[Finland]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Yoshio Utsumi]]
|[[1 February]] [[1999]]
|[[31 December]] [[2006]]
|[[Image:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Japan]]
|- bgcolor=#99FFFF
|[[Hamadoun Touré]]
|[[1 January]] [[2007]]
|present
|[[Image:Flag of Mali.svg|25px]] [[Mali]]
|}

==Standards==

The [[international standard]]s that are produced by the ITU are referred to as "''Recommendations''" (with the word ordinarily capitalized to distinguish its meaning from the ordinary sense of the word). Due to its longevity as an international organization and its status as a specialized agency of the United Nations, standards promulgated by the ITU carry a higher degree of formal international recognition than those of most other organizations that publish technical specifications of a similar form.

==Members==

[[Image:ITU.png|thumb|280px|ITU member states]]

The work of the ITU is conducted by its ''members''. As part of the United Nations structure, a country can be a member, in which case it is referred to as a ''Member State''. Companies and other such organizations can hold other classes of membership referred to as ''Sector Member'' or ''Associate'' status. As of September 2007 there were 191 Member States and more than 700 Sector Members and Associates. <ref>http://www.itu.int/net/home/index.aspx ITU Membership Information and access to membership list</ref>

Sector and Associate memberships enable direct participation by a company in the development of standards (something not allowed in some other standards bodies such as [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]], where formal ballots are processed by a single entity per country and companies participate only indirectly through national delegations). Various parts of the ITU also maintain ''liaison relationships'' with other organizations.

Members are almost all of the [[List of United Nations member states|UN members]] plus the [[Vatican City State]]. Only [[Palau]] and [[East Timor]] are not participating. Other entities not represented are the [[Palestinian Authority]] and [[Republic of China|Taiwan]], although the [[Palestinian Authority]] is granted non-voting observer status <ref>Resolution 99, "Status of Palestine in ITU", ITU Plenipotentiary Conference, Minneapolis, 1998</ref>.

==Meetings==

The ITU decides matters between states and private organizations through an extensive series of working parties, study groups, regional meetings, and world meetings.

===Examples===

[[Image:ReissieR.jpg|thumb|Stamp]]
*[[World Radiocommunication Conference]] (WRC)
*[[World administrative radio conference]]s (WARC)
*[[Regional Radiocommunication Conference]]s (RRC)

==World Summit on the Information Society==

:''Main article: [[World Summit on the Information Society]]''

The ITU was the lead organizing agency of the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS)<ref>[http://www.itu.int/wsis World Summit on the Information Society: Redirect<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>, a United Nations summit aiming at bridging the digital divide and turning it into digital opportunity for all. WSIS provided a global forum on the theme of ICTs (Information and Communication Technologies) for development, involving for the first time all stakeholders - governments, international organizations, civil society and business. WSIS was a pledge for building a people-centered development-oriented Information Society. Other big themes of the Summit were Internet governance and Financial mechanisms for meeting the challenges of ICTs for development.

The idea of holding WSIS came from the Tunisian President Ben Ali on the ITU Plenipotentiary Conference in Minneapolis in 1998. The process was launched late in 2002 on the initiative of [[Kofi Annan]]. The first phase of the WSIS summit took place in December 2003 in [[Geneva]] and the second and final phase took place in [[Tunis]] in November 2005.

==See also==

[[Image:ITU.jpg|thumb|ITU headquarters, Geneva]]
*[http://www.itu.int/newsroom/press_releases/2007/30.html ITU defines the future of mobile communications]
*[[ITU-T|ITU Telecommunication Standardization Sector (ITU-T)]]
*[[ITU-R|ITU Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R)]]
*[[ITU-D|ITU Telecommunication Development Sector (ITU-D)]]
*[[:Category:ITU-T recommendations|ITU-T Recommendations]]
*[[:Category:ITU-R recommendations|ITU-R Recommendations]]
*[[UIT X.509]]
*[[Inter-American Telecommunication Commission]] (CITEL)
*[[Working Group on Internet Governance]] (WGIG)

== Notes ==
[[Image:ITU 2.jpg|thumb|ITU headquarters, Geneva]]
{{reflist}}
{{reflist}}


{{Mesoeucrocodylia}}
==External links==

*[http://www.itu.int/ ITU official site]
*[http://www.itu.int/aboutitu/overview/history.html ITU history from the official site]
*[http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn/A36852-2003Dec4?language=printer ''U.N. Summit to Focus on Internet''] - [[Washington Post]] article about [[ICANN]] and the United Nations' ITU relationship

{{United Nations}}


[[Category:International Telecommunication Union| ]]
[[Category:Cretaceous crocodylomorpha]]
[[Category:1865 establishments]]
[[Category:Terrestrial crocodiles]]
[[Category:Radio]]
[[Category:Information technology and development]]
[[Category:Digital divide]]


{{archosaur-stub}}
[[br:International Telecommunication Union]]
[[zh:諾托鱷科]]
[[ca:Unió Internacional de Telecomunicacions]]
[[da:International Telecommunication Union]]
[[de:Internationale Fernmeldeunion]]
[[es:Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones]]
[[fr:Union internationale des télécommunications]]
[[gl:Unión Internacional de Telecomunicacións]]
[[ko:국제 전기 통신 연합]]
[[hi:अन्तर्राष्ट्रीय दूरसंचार संघ]]
[[id:International Telecommunication Union]]
[[it:Unione internazionale delle telecomunicazioni]]
[[he:איגוד הטלקומוניקציה הבינלאומי]]
[[hu:ITU]]
[[ms:Kesatuan Telekomunikasi Antarabangsa]]
[[my:ITU]]
[[nl:Internationale Telecommunicatie-unie]]
[[ja:国際電気通信連合]]
[[no:Den internasjonale telekomunionen]]
[[nn:International Telecommunication Union]]
[[pl:Międzynarodowy Związek Telekomunikacyjny]]
[[pt:União Internacional de Telecomunicações]]
[[ru:Международный союз электросвязи]]
[[sk:Medzinárodná telekomunikačná únia]]
[[sl:Mednarodna telekomunikacijska zveza]]
[[su:International Telecommunication Union]]
[[fi:Kansainvälinen televiestintäliitto]]
[[sv:Internationella teleunionen]]
[[th:สหภาพการสื่อสารระหว่างประเทศ]]
[[vi:Liên minh Viễn thông Quốc tế]]
[[tr:Uluslararası Telekomünikasyon Birliği]]
[[uk:Міжнародний телекомунікаційний союз]]
[[zh:国际电信联盟]]

Revision as of 07:25, 11 October 2008

Notosuchidae
Temporal range: 90–83 Ma Turonian - Santonian
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Chordata
Class:
Sauropsida
Subclass:
Diapsida
Infraclass:
Archosauromorpha
Superorder:
Crocodylomorpha
(unranked):
Mesoeucrocodylia
Suborder:
Notosuchia
Family:
Notosuchidae

Dollo, 1924
genera

Notosuchidae is a Gondwanan family of small-bodied terrestrial mesoeucrocodylians that lived during the Late Cretaceous.

Genera

References

  1. ^ Hugo CA, Leanza HA. 2001. Hoja Geológica 3969-IV, General Roca. Provincias de Río Negro y Neuquén. Boletín Servicio Geológico Minero Argentino, Instituto de Geología y Recursos Minerales 308: 1-65.
  2. ^ Candeiro CRA, Martinelli AG, Avilla LS, Rich TH. 2006. Tetrapods from the Upper Cretaceous (Turonian-Maastrichtian) Bauru Group of Brazil: a reappraisal. Cretaceous Research 27 (6): 923-946.
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