Salvia patens: Difference between revisions

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{{Short description|Species of flowering plant}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
|image = Salvia patens Mexico.JPG
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'''''Salvia patens''''' (sometimes called '''gentian sage''' or '''spreading sage''') is a [[herbaceous perennial]] that is native to a wide area of central Mexico. It was introduced into horticulture in 1838 and popularized a hundred years later by [[William Robinson (gardener)|William Robinson]].<ref name="Clebsch"/>
'''''Salvia patens''''', the '''gentian sage''' or '''spreading sage''', is a [[species]] of [[flowering plant]] in the sage [[family (botany)|family]] Lamiaceae that is native to a wide area of central Mexico. This [[herbaceous]] [[perennial plant|perennial]] was introduced into horticulture in 1838 and popularized a hundred years later by the Irish gardener and botanist [[William Robinson (gardener)|William Robinson]] (1838-1935).<ref name="Clebsch"/>


==Description==
==Description==
''Salvia patens'' is tuberous, and easily lifted for overwintering in a greenhouse. The more common varieties reach {{convert|30|-|60|cm|0|abbr=on}} tall and wide, and are covered with [[leaf shape|hastate]] shaped mistletoe-green leaves. Inflorescences reach {{convert|15|to|30|cm|in|abbr=on}} or longer, rising well above the leaves. {{convert|2.6|cm|in|abbr=on}} pure blue flowers are spaced along the inflorescence, with a {{convert|1.3|cm|in|abbr=on}} green calyx that adds to the attractiveness of the flowers.<ref name="Clebsch"/>
''Salvia patens'' is tuberous, and easily lifted for overwintering in a greenhouse. The more common varieties reach {{convert|30|-|60|cm|0|abbr=on}} tall and wide, and are covered with [[leaf shape|hastate]] shaped mistletoe-green leaves. Inflorescences reach {{convert|15|to|30|cm|in|abbr=on}} or longer, rising well above the leaves. {{convert|2.6|cm|in|abbr=on}} pure blue flowers are spaced along the inflorescence, with a {{convert|1.3|cm|in|abbr=on}} green calyx that adds to the attractiveness of the flowers.<ref name="Clebsch"/>


The [[Botanical name#Binary name|specific epithet]] ''patens'' means "spreading".<ref name=RHSLG>{{cite book|last=Harrison|first=Lorraine|title=RHS Latin for gardeners|year=2012|publisher=Mitchell Beazley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=9781845337315|pages=224}}</ref>
The Latin [[Binomial nomenclature|specific epithet]] ''patens'' means "spreading".<ref name=RHSLG>{{cite book|last=Harrison|first=Lorraine|title=RHS Latin for gardeners|year=2012|publisher=Mitchell Beazley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=9781845337315|pages=224}}</ref>


==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
''Salvia patens'' is frequently treated as an annual by gardeners due to its sensitivity to hard frost, with bedding plants often put out in spring. Varieties have been developed with colors ranging from white to lilac to various shades of blue. Seeds from the Netherlands have been available since the 1990s for rich colored and large flowered varieties.<ref name="Clebsch">{{cite book|last1=Clebsch|first1=Betsy|last2=Barner|first2=Carol D.|title=The New Book of Salvias|publisher=Timber Press|date=2003|page=222|isbn=978-0-88192-560-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NM0iwB8GrQYC&pg=PA222}}</ref>
''Salvia patens'' is frequently treated as an annual by gardeners due to its sensitivity to hard frost, with bedding plants often put out in spring. Varieties have been developed with colors ranging from white to lilac to various shades of blue. Seeds from the Netherlands have been available since the 1990s for rich colored and large flowered varieties.<ref name="Clebsch">{{cite book|last1=Clebsch|first1=Betsy|last2=Barner|first2=Carol D.|title=The New Book of Salvias|publisher=Timber Press|date=2003|page=222|isbn=978-0-88192-560-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NM0iwB8GrQYC&pg=PA222}}</ref>


The species <ref name = RHSPF>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/16359/Salvia-patens/Details | title = ''Salvia patens'' | website = www.rhs.org | publisher = Royal Horticultural Society | access-date = 5 March 2021}}</ref> and its [[cultivar]] 'Cambridge Blue'<ref>{{cite web | url = https://www.rhs.org.uk/Plants/91515/Salvia-patens-Cambridge-Blue/Details | title = ''Salvia patens'' 'Cambridge Blue' | publisher = RHS | access-date = 5 March 2021}}</ref> have gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].
⚫
The species and its cultivar 'Cambridge blue' have gained the [[Royal Horticultural Society]]'s [[Award of Garden Merit]].<ref>[http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=4084 RHS Plant selector for the species]</ref><ref>[http://apps.rhs.org.uk/plantselector/plant?plantid=1762 RHS Plant selector for Cambridge blue]</ref> [[William Robinson (gardener)|William Robinson]] praised the species in the 1933 edition of ''[[William Robinson (gardener)#The English Flower Garden, 1883|The English Flower Garden]]'' as, "doubtless, the most brilliant in cultivation, being surpassed by and equalled by few other [garden] flowers."<ref name="Sutton">{{cite book|last=Sutton|first=John|title=The Gardener's Guide to Growing Salvias|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|date=2004|page=53|isbn=978-0-88192-671-2}}</ref> A collecting trip to Mexico in 1991 led by James Compton discovered a {{convert|1.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall variety with large deep blue flowers that is available as 'Guanajuato'.<ref name="Clebsch"/>

⚫
William Robinson praised the species in the 1933 edition of ''[[William Robinson (gardener)#The English Flower Garden, 1883|The English Flower Garden]]'' as, "doubtless, the most brilliant in cultivation, being surpassed by and equalled by few other [garden] flowers."<ref name="Sutton">{{cite book|last=Sutton|first=John|title=The Gardener's Guide to Growing Salvias|publisher=Workman Publishing Company|date=2004|page=53|isbn=978-0-88192-671-2}}</ref> A collecting trip to Mexico in 1991 led by James Compton discovered a {{convert|1.8|m|ft|abbr=on}} tall variety with large deep blue flowers that is available as 'Guanajuato'.<ref name="Clebsch"/>


==References==
==References==
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{{Commons category|Salvia patens}}
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


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{{Commons category|Salvia patens}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7406864}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q7406864}}


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[[Category:Flora of Mexico]]
[[Category:Flora of Mexico]]
[[Category:Garden plants of North America]]
[[Category:Garden plants of North America]]
[[Category:Flowers]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Antonio José Cavanilles]]




{{Lamiaceae-stub}}
{{Salvia-stub}}

Latest revision as of 21:32, 27 December 2023

Salvia patens
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species:
S. patens
Binomial name
Salvia patens

Salvia patens, the gentian sage or spreading sage, is a species of flowering plant in the sage family Lamiaceae that is native to a wide area of central Mexico. This herbaceous perennial was introduced into horticulture in 1838 and popularized a hundred years later by the Irish gardener and botanist William Robinson (1838-1935).[1]

Description[edit]

Salvia patens is tuberous, and easily lifted for overwintering in a greenhouse. The more common varieties reach 30–60 cm (12–24 in) tall and wide, and are covered with hastate shaped mistletoe-green leaves. Inflorescences reach 15 to 30 cm (5.9 to 11.8 in) or longer, rising well above the leaves. 2.6 cm (1.0 in) pure blue flowers are spaced along the inflorescence, with a 1.3 cm (0.51 in) green calyx that adds to the attractiveness of the flowers.[1]

The Latin specific epithet patens means "spreading".[2]

Cultivation[edit]

Salvia patens is frequently treated as an annual by gardeners due to its sensitivity to hard frost, with bedding plants often put out in spring. Varieties have been developed with colors ranging from white to lilac to various shades of blue. Seeds from the Netherlands have been available since the 1990s for rich colored and large flowered varieties.[1]

The species [3] and its cultivar 'Cambridge Blue'[4] have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

William Robinson praised the species in the 1933 edition of The English Flower Garden as, "doubtless, the most brilliant in cultivation, being surpassed by and equalled by few other [garden] flowers."[5] A collecting trip to Mexico in 1991 led by James Compton discovered a 1.8 m (5.9 ft) tall variety with large deep blue flowers that is available as 'Guanajuato'.[1]

References[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Salvia patens.
  1. ^ a b c d Clebsch, Betsy; Barner, Carol D. (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 222. ISBN 978-0-88192-560-9.
  2. ^ Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
  3. ^ "Salvia patens". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  4. ^ "Salvia patens 'Cambridge Blue'". RHS. Retrieved 5 March 2021.
  5. ^ Sutton, John (2004). The Gardener's Guide to Growing Salvias. Workman Publishing Company. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-88192-671-2.


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