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{{Short description|Species of tree}}
{{taxobox
{{Speciesbox
|regnum = [[Plant]]ae
| image = GFA U. lanceifolia leaves.jpg
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
⚫
| image_caption = ''U. lanceifolia'' foliage,
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
[[Grange Farm Arboretum]]
|unranked_ordo = [[Rosids]]
| parent = Ulmus sect. Lanceifolia
|ordo = [[Rosales]]
| display_parents = 2
|familia = [[Ulmaceae]]
|genus = ''[[Ulmus]]''
| genus = Ulmus
|species = '''''U. lanceifolia'''''
| species = lanceifolia
⚫
| authority = [[Roxburgh]] ex [[Wall.]]
⚫
|binomial = ''Ulmus lanceifolia''
| synonyms =
⚫
|binomial_authority = [[Roxburgh]] ex [[Wall.]]
|synonyms = *''Ulmus hookeriana'' <small>Planch.</small>
* ''Ulmus hookeriana'' <small>Planch.</small>
*''Ulmus lancaeafolia'' <small>Roxburgh & Wall.</small>
* ''Ulmus lancaeafolia'' <small>Roxburgh & Wall.</small>
*''Ulmus lancifolia'' <small>Roxburgh</small>
* ''Ulmus lancifolia'' <small>Roxburgh</small>
*''Ulmus tonkinensis'' <small>Gagnep.</small> (where found in China and Vietnam).
* ''Ulmus tonkinensis'' <small>Gagnep.</small>
|}}
}}

'''''Ulmus lanceifolia''''' <small>Roxburgh, ex Wall.</small> [http://www.plant.ac.cn/dan_tu/8/6856.htm], occasionally known as the '''Vietnam Elm''', is a very large tree endemic to a wide area of southern [[Asia]]. Its range extends southeast and eastwards from [[Darjeeling]] in the [[Himalaya]], through [[Bangladesh]], southern China, [[Myanmar]] (formerly [[Burma]]), [[Thailand]], [[Laos]], [[Vietnam]] and on discontinuously into [[Indonesia]], straddling the [[Equator]] in [[Sumatra]] and [[Sulawesi|Celebes]].
'''''Ulmus lanceifolia''''' <small>Roxburgh, ex Wall.</small> [http://www.plant.ac.cn/dan_tu/8/6856.htm], occasionally known as the '''Vietnam elm''', is a very large tree endemic to a wide area of southern Asia. Its range extends southeast and eastwards from [[Darjeeling]] in the [[Himalaya]], through Bangladesh, southern China, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and on discontinuously into Indonesia, straddling the [[Equator]] in [[Sumatra]] and [[Sulawesi|Celebes]].


== Description ==
== Description ==
''Ulmus lanceifolia'' can reach a maximum height of 45&nbsp;m, placing it on a par with the [[English Elm]], but with pendulous branches; the bark of the trunk exfoliates in thin scales. The leaves, borne on wing-less branchlets, are narrow, generally [[leaf shape|lanceolate]], < 10 × 3.5&nbsp;cm, and thick. The tree is [[deciduous]] in the north of its range, where it can occur at altitudes of up to 2500&nbsp;m, but [[evergreen]] in the [[tropics]]. Given the latitudinal range, there is inevitably a substantial variation in its flowering time, beginning in October in the north, but advancing to February&ndash;March in the south. The obovate [[Samara (fruit)|samarae]] are 12&ndash;30&nbsp;mm long by 11&ndash;24&nbsp;mm broad.<ref name=Fu>Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) ''Flora of China'', Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF05/Ulmus.pdf]</ref><ref name=Melville>Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. ''Kew Bulletin'' Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.</ref>
''Ulmus lanceifolia'' can reach a maximum height of 45&nbsp;m, placing it on a par with the [[English Elm]], but with pendulous branches; the bark of the trunk exfoliates in thin scales. The leaves, borne on wing-less branchlets, are narrow, generally [[leaf shape|lanceolate]], < 10 × 3.5&nbsp;cm, and thick.<ref>{{cite web|website=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus lanceifolia (1867) K000852690 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000852690}}; {{cite web|website=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus lanceifolia K000852691 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000852691}}; {{cite web|website=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus lanceifolia K000852692 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000852692}}</ref> [[Camillo Karl Schneider|Schneider]]'s leaf-drawing (1907) shows some 16 vein-pairs.<ref name = "Schneider1907">[https://archive.org/details/mobot31753002689096/page/903/mode/2up ''U. lanceifolia'' leaf-drawing in Schneider, Camillo Karl, ''Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde'' (Jena, 1907), p.903-904]</ref> The tree is [[deciduous]] in the north of its range, where it can occur at altitudes of up to 2500&nbsp;m, but [[evergreen]] in the [[tropics]]. Given the latitudinal range, there is inevitably a substantial variation in its flowering time, beginning in October in the north, but advancing to February&ndash;March in the south. The obovate [[Samara (fruit)|samarae]] are 12&ndash;30&nbsp;mm long by 11&ndash;24&nbsp;mm broad.<ref name="Fu">Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) ''Flora of China'', Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [http://flora.huh.harvard.edu/china/PDF/PDF05/Ulmus.pdf]</ref><ref name=Melville>Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. ''Kew Bulletin'' Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.</ref> [[Ploidy]]: ''2n'' = 28.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ulmus lanceifolia in Flora of China @ efloras.org |url=http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242353367 |access-date=2022-06-28 |website=www.efloras.org}}</ref><gallery>
File:GFA U. lanceifolia 1.jpg|''U. lanceifolia'' foliage, Grange Farm Arboretum
File:GFA U. lanceifolia, juvenile tree.jpg|''U. lanceifolia'' juvenile tree, Grange Farm Arboretum
</gallery>


==Pests and diseases==
==Pests and diseases==
''U. lanceifolia'' was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the adult elm leaf beetle ''[[Xanthogaleruca luteola]]'' <ref name=Miller,a>Miller, F. and Ware, G. (2001). Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus sp.) to Feeding of the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). ''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 94 (1): 162-166. 2001. Entom. Soc. of America.</ref> [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0162%3AROTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2] and feeding by the Japanese Beetle ''[[Popillia japonica]]'' <ref name=Miller,b>Miller, F., Ware, G. and Jackson, J. (2001). Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus sp.) for the Feeding of the Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae). ''Journal of Economic Entomology'' 94 (2). 445-448. 2001. Entom. Soc. of America.</ref> [http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.1603/0022-0493%282001%29094%5B0445%3APOTCEU%5D2.0.CO%3B2] in the United States.
''U. lanceifolia'' was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the adult elm leaf beetle ''[[Xanthogaleruca luteola]]'' <ref name=Miller,a>{{cite journal | last1=Miller | first1=Fredric | last2=Ware | first2=George | title=Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus spp.) to Feeding by the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) | journal=Journal of Economic Entomology | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=94 | issue=1 | date=2001-02-01 | issn=0022-0493 | doi=10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.162 | pages=162–166 | pmid=11233108| s2cid=42980569 | doi-access=free }}</ref> and feeding by the Japanese Beetle ''[[Popillia japonica]]'' <ref name=Miller,b>{{cite journal | last1=Miller | first1=Fredric | last2=Ware | first2=George | last3=Jackson | first3=Jennifer | title=Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms ( Ulmus spp.) for the Adult Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae) | journal=Journal of Economic Entomology | publisher=Oxford University Press (OUP) | volume=94 | issue=2 | date=2001-04-01 | issn=0022-0493 | doi=10.1603/0022-0493-94.2.445 | pages=445–448 | pmid=11332837| s2cid=7520439 | doi-access=free }}</ref> in the United States.


==Cultivation==
==Cultivation==
Line 27: Line 31:


==Accessions==
==Accessions==

===Europe===
===Europe===
*[[Grange Farm Arboretum]], [[Sutton St James]], [[Spalding, Lincolnshire|Spalding]], [[Lincolnshire]], UK. Saplings grown from seed sent in 2013 by [[Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden]], southern [[Yunnan]], China. Acc. no. not known.
*[[Grange Farm Arboretum]], [[Lincolnshire]], UK. Saplings grown from seed sent in 2013 by [[Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden]], southern [[Yunnan]], China. Acc. no. not known.


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=50134&flora_id=2 efloras.org: ''U. lanceifolia'' leaves and fruit illustration]
*{{cite web|website=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus lanceifolia (1867) K000852690 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000852690}}
*[http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=242353367 efloras.org: ''U. lanceifolia'' description]
*{{cite web|website=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus lanceifolia K000852691 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000852691}}
*[http://ppbc.iplant.cn/sp/221646 Chinese gallery of tree, leaves and fruit photographs labelled ''U. lanceifolia'', iplant.cn]
*{{cite web|website=Herbarium catalogue|title=Ulmus lanceifolia K000852692 |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|access-date=17 October 2016|url=http://apps.kew.org/herbcat/getImage.do?imageBarcode=K000852692}}

{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars |state=collapsed}}
{{Elm species, varieties, hybrids, hybrid cultivars and species cultivars |state=collapsed}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q11060464}}


[[Category:Ulmus]]
[[Category:Ulmus|lanceifolia]]
[[Category:Trees of Indo-China]]
[[Category:Trees of Malesia]]
[[Category:Trees of Southeast Asia]]
[[Category:Trees of Nepal]]
[[Category:Trees of India]]
[[Category:Trees of China]]
[[Category:Trees of China]]
[[Category:Flora of Assam]]
[[Category:Flora of tropical Asia]]
[[Category:Flora of East Himalaya]]
[[Category:Flora of Indo-China]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Asia]]
[[Category:Ornamental trees]]
[[Category:Ornamental trees]]
[[Category:Ulmus articles missing images]]
[[Category:Ulmus articles with images]]
[[Category:Elm species and varieties]]
[[Category:Elm species and varieties]]
[[Category:Flora of the Northern Indochina subtropical forests]]

Latest revision as of 12:29, 23 January 2024

Ulmus lanceifolia
U. lanceifolia foliage,

Grange Farm Arboretum

Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Ulmaceae
Genus: Ulmus
Subgenus: U. subg. Ulmus
Section: U. sect. Lanceifolia
Species:
U. lanceifolia
Binomial name
Ulmus lanceifolia
Synonyms
  • Ulmus hookeriana Planch.
  • Ulmus lancaeafolia Roxburgh & Wall.
  • Ulmus lancifolia Roxburgh
  • Ulmus tonkinensis Gagnep.

Ulmus lanceifolia Roxburgh, ex Wall. [2], occasionally known as the Vietnam elm, is a very large tree endemic to a wide area of southern Asia. Its range extends southeast and eastwards from Darjeeling in the Himalaya, through Bangladesh, southern China, Myanmar (formerly Burma), Thailand, Laos, Vietnam and on discontinuously into Indonesia, straddling the Equator in Sumatra and Celebes.

Description[edit]

Ulmus lanceifolia can reach a maximum height of 45 m, placing it on a par with the English Elm, but with pendulous branches; the bark of the trunk exfoliates in thin scales. The leaves, borne on wing-less branchlets, are narrow, generally lanceolate, < 10 × 3.5 cm, and thick.[1] Schneider's leaf-drawing (1907) shows some 16 vein-pairs.[2] The tree is deciduous in the north of its range, where it can occur at altitudes of up to 2500 m, but evergreen in the tropics. Given the latitudinal range, there is inevitably a substantial variation in its flowering time, beginning in October in the north, but advancing to February–March in the south. The obovate samarae are 12–30 mm long by 11–24 mm broad.[3][4] Ploidy: 2n = 28.[5]

  • U. lanceifolia foliage, Grange Farm Arboretum
    U. lanceifolia foliage, Grange Farm Arboretum
  • U. lanceifolia juvenile tree, Grange Farm Arboretum
    U. lanceifolia juvenile tree, Grange Farm Arboretum

Pests and diseases[edit]

U. lanceifolia was found to be among the least suitable elms for feeding and reproduction by the adult elm leaf beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola [6] and feeding by the Japanese Beetle Popillia japonica [7] in the United States.

Cultivation[edit]

Not cold-hardy, the species is very rare in cultivation; specimens introduced to the Netherlands from the Himalaya by Heybroek in the 1960s all perished.[8]

Accessions[edit]

Europe[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Ulmus lanceifolia (1867) K000852690". Herbarium catalogue. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 October 2016.; "Ulmus lanceifolia K000852691". Herbarium catalogue. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 October 2016.; "Ulmus lanceifolia K000852692". Herbarium catalogue. Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  2. ^ U. lanceifolia leaf-drawing in Schneider, Camillo Karl, Illustriertes Handbuch der Laubholzkunde (Jena, 1907), p.903-904
  3. ^ Fu, L., Xin, Y. & Whittemore, A. (2002). Ulmaceae, in Wu, Z. & Raven, P. (eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5 (Ulmaceae through Basellaceae). Science Press, Beijing, and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, USA. [1]
  4. ^ Melville, R. & Heybroek, H. M. (1971). The Elms of the Himalaya. Kew Bulletin Vol. 26 (1). Royal Botanic Garden, Kew, London.
  5. ^ "Ulmus lanceifolia in Flora of China @ efloras.org". www.efloras.org. Retrieved 2022-06-28.
  6. ^ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George (2001-02-01). "Resistance of Temperate Chinese Elms (Ulmus spp.) to Feeding by the Adult Elm Leaf Beetle (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology. 94 (1). Oxford University Press (OUP): 162–166. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.1.162. ISSN 0022-0493. PMID 11233108. S2CID 42980569.
  7. ^ Miller, Fredric; Ware, George; Jackson, Jennifer (2001-04-01). "Preference of Temperate Chinese Elms ( Ulmus spp.) for the Adult Japanese Beetle (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)". Journal of Economic Entomology. 94 (2). Oxford University Press (OUP): 445–448. doi:10.1603/0022-0493-94.2.445. ISSN 0022-0493. PMID 11332837. S2CID 7520439.
  8. ^ Heybroek, H. M., Goudzwaard, L, Kaljee, H. (2009). Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries). KNNV, Uitgeverij. ISBN 9789050112819

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ulmus_lanceifolia&oldid=1198211727"