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{{Short description|Berry and plant}}
{{taxobox
{{speciesbox
|name = Rabbiteye Blueberry
|image = Vaccinium virgatum - Curtis.jpg
|image = Vaccinium_virgatum.jpg
⚫
|taxon = Vaccinium virgatum
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|authority = [[William Aiton|Aiton]]<ref name=grin1>&nbsp;''Vaccinium virgatum'' was originally described and published in ''[[Hortus Kewensis]]'' 2:12. 1789. (''V.&nbsp;amoenum'', which was later determined to be a synonym of ''V.&nbsp;virgatum'', was also described in the same publication.) {{GRIN | access-date=January 9, 2012}}</ref>
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|synonyms = *''Vaccinium amoenum'' <small>Aiton</small>
|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]]
*''V.&nbsp;ashei'' <small>[[John Moore Reade|J.M.Reade]]</small>
|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]]
|synonyms_ref = <ref name=grin1/>
|ordo = [[Ericales]]
⚫
}}
|familia = [[Ericaceae]]
'''''Vaccinium virgatum''''' (commonly known as '''rabbit-eye blueberry''',<ref name=grin>{{GRIN | access-date=July 8, 2012}}</ref> '''smallflower blueberry'''<ref>{{PLANTS|id=VAVI2|taxon=Vaccinium virgatum|access-date=28 July 2015}}</ref> or '''southern black blueberry''' <ref name=grin/>) is a species of [[blueberry]] native to the [[Southeastern United States]], from [[North Carolina]] south to [[Florida]] and west to [[Texas]].
|genus = ''[[Vaccinium]]''
|species = '''''V. virgatum'''''
⚫
|binomial = ''Vaccinium virgatum''
|binomial_authority = [[William Aiton|Aiton]]
⚫
|}}

'''Rabbiteye Blueberry''' ('''''Vaccinium virgatum''''', also known as ''V. ashei'') is a species of [[blueberry]] native to the [[Southeastern United States|Southeastern]] [[United States]], from [[North Carolina]] south to [[Florida]] and west to [[Texas]]. Other common names include Southern Highbush Blueberry, Southern Black Blueberry, and Smallflower


==Description==
==Description==
''Vaccinium virgatum'' is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] growing to 3 to 6 feet tall and with up to a 3 foot spread.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001">{{cite book|author1=Bruce Asakawa|author2=Sharon Asakawa|title=California Gardener's Guide|url=http://books.google.com/books?id=ow7NMmhz5wwC|accessdate=25 November 2011|date=3 September 2001|publisher=Cool Springs Press|isbn=978-1-930604-47-6|page=44-45}}</ref> The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally arranged, oblanceolate to narrow elliptic, 3 inches long and start out red-bronze in the spring only to develop into a dark-green<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/>. The [[flower]]s are white, bell-shaped, 5&nbsp;mm long. The [[fruit]] is a berry 5&nbsp;mm diameter, dark blue to black, bloomed pale blue-gray by a thin wax coating.
''Vaccinium virgatum'' is a [[deciduous]] [[shrub]] growing to 3 to 6 feet tall and with up to a 3-foot spread.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001">{{cite book|author1=Bruce Asakawa|author2=Sharon Asakawa|title=California Gardener's Guide|url=https://archive.org/details/brucesharonasaka00asak|url-access=registration|access-date=25 November 2011|date=3 September 2001|publisher=Cool Springs Press|isbn=978-1-930604-47-6|pages=[https://archive.org/details/brucesharonasaka00asak/page/44 44]–45}}</ref> The [[leaf|leaves]] are spirally arranged, oblate to narrow elliptic, 3 inches long and start out red-bronze in the spring only to develop into a dark-green.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/> The [[flower]]s are white, bell-shaped, 5&nbsp;mm long. The [[fruit]] is a berry 5&nbsp;mm diameter, dark blue to black, bloomed pale blue-gray by a thin wax coating.


==Characteristics==
==Pollination==
Rabbiteye blueberries are self infertile and must have two or more varieties to [[pollenizer|pollenize]] each other. [[Honeybee]]s are inefficient [[pollinator]]s, and [[carpenter bee]]s frequently cut the [[Corolla (flower)|corolla]]s to [[nectar robbing|rob nectar]] without [[pollination|pollinating]] the flowers. Rabbiteyes do best when pollinated by [[buzz pollination]] by bees, such as the native southeastern blueberry bee, ''[[Habropoda laboriosa]]''.
''Vaccinium virgatum'' is self-infertile, and must have two or more varieties to [[pollenizer|pollenize]] each other. [[Honeybee]]s are inefficient [[pollinator]]s, and [[carpenter bee]]s frequently cut the [[corolla (flower)|corolla]]s to [[nectar robbing|rob nectar]] without [[pollination|pollinating]] the flowers. ''V.&nbsp;virgatum'' does best when pollinated by [[buzz pollination]] by bees, such as the native southeastern blueberry bee, ''[[Habropoda laboriosa]]''.


==Cultivation==
==Uses==


===Culinary===
⚫
It grows best on acid soil and is subject to few pests and diseases. This blueberry is not self-fruitful, so two compatible varieties should be planted next to each other to maintain growth and fruiting. If maintained with [[mulch|mulching]], the berries can handle temperatures as low as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. The plants can mature to the height of 3 to 6 feet with a width of up to 3 feet. The plant has little insect or disease problems, however birds and squirrels are prone to eating them.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/>
⚫
Berries of ''Vaccinium virgatum'' are edible and are used as sauces and syrups, and for breads, muffins, pancakes, and pies,<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/> and may have pain killing properties ([[antinociceptive]] effects).<ref>Maria Rosana Ramirez, Leandra Guterres, Odila E. Dickel, Micheli R. de Castro, Amelia T. Henriques, Márcia M. de Souza, Daniela Martí Barros "Preliminary Studies on the Antinociceptive Activity of Vaccinium ashei Berry in Experimental Animal Models." ''[http://www.liebertpub.com/products/product.aspx?pid=38 Journal of Medicinal Food]''. April 2010: 336-342</ref>


===Ornamental===
It is grown as an [[ornamental plant]] for its fall colors, typically bright orange or red, and for it's edible properties.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/>
''Vaccinium virgatum'' is grown as an [[ornamental plant]], especially for its fall colors, typically bright orange or red.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/>


==Uses==
==Cultivation==
⚫
''Vaccinium virgatum'' grows best on acid soil and is subject to few pests and diseases. Because it is not self-fruitful, two compatible varieties should be planted next to each other to maintain fruiting. If maintained with [[mulch]]ing, it may endure temperatures as low as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. The plants mature to heights from 3 to 6 feet, with a width of up to 3 feet. The plant has few insect or disease problems, however birds and squirrels consume its fruit.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/>
⚫
''Vaccinium ashei'' Berries may have pain killing properties ([[antinociceptive]] effects).<ref>Maria Rosana Ramirez, Leandra Guterres, Odila E. Dickel, Micheli R. de Castro, Amelia T. Henriques, Márcia M. de Souza, Daniela Martí Barros "Preliminary Studies on the Antinociceptive Activity of Vaccinium ashei Berry in Experimental Animal Models." ''[http://www.liebertpub.com/products/product.aspx?pid=38 Journal of Medicinal Food]''. April 2010: 336-342</ref> The berries are edible and are used as sauces and syrups, and for breads, muffins, pancakes, and pies.<ref name="AsakawaAsakawa2001"/>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
<references />


== External links ==
== External links ==
*[http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-1078/ Rabbiteye blueberry culture from Alabama Extension]
*[http://www.aces.edu/pubs/docs/A/ANR-1078/ Rabbiteye blueberry culture from Alabama Extension]
*[http://esciencenews.com/articles/2009/08/07/the.hepatitis.healing.power.blueberry.leaves The hepatitis healing power of blueberry leaves]
*[http://esciencenews.com/articles/2009/08/07/the.hepatitis.healing.power.blueberry.leaves The hepatitis healing power of blueberry leaves]
*[http://www.leggcreekfarm.com/blueberryplants.aspx Info on Rabbiteye Blueberry Varieties]


{{Blueberries}}
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[[Category:Vaccinium]]
{{Taxonbar|from=Q4142371}}
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[[Category:Plants and pollinators]]

⚫
[[Category:Vaccinium|virgatum]]
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[[Category:Blueberries]]
[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]
[[Category:Flora of the Southeastern United States]]
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[[Category:Flora of North Carolina]]
[[Category:Flora of South Carolina]]
[[Category:Flora of Florida]]
[[Category:Flora of Texas]]
[[Category:Flora of Texas]]
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[[Category:Fruits originating in North America]]
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[[Category:Plants described in 1789]]
[[Category:Garden plants of North America]]
[[Category:Garden plants of North America]]
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[[Category:Berries]]


{{Ericaceae-stub}}
{{fruit-stub}}

[[ru:Голубика Эши]]

Latest revision as of 05:26, 2 April 2022

Vaccinium virgatum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Ericales
Family: Ericaceae
Genus: Vaccinium
Species:
V. virgatum
Binomial name
Vaccinium virgatum
Synonyms[1]

Vaccinium virgatum (commonly known as rabbit-eye blueberry,[2] smallflower blueberry[3] or southern black blueberry [2]) is a species of blueberry native to the Southeastern United States, from North Carolina south to Florida and west to Texas.

Description[edit]

Vaccinium virgatum is a deciduous shrub growing to 3 to 6 feet tall and with up to a 3-foot spread.[4] The leaves are spirally arranged, oblate to narrow elliptic, 3 inches long and start out red-bronze in the spring only to develop into a dark-green.[4] The flowers are white, bell-shaped, 5 mm long. The fruit is a berry 5 mm diameter, dark blue to black, bloomed pale blue-gray by a thin wax coating.

Pollination[edit]

Vaccinium virgatum is self-infertile, and must have two or more varieties to pollenize each other. Honeybees are inefficient pollinators, and carpenter bees frequently cut the corollas to rob nectar without pollinating the flowers. V. virgatum does best when pollinated by buzz pollination by bees, such as the native southeastern blueberry bee, Habropoda laboriosa.

Uses[edit]

Culinary[edit]

Berries of Vaccinium virgatum are edible and are used as sauces and syrups, and for breads, muffins, pancakes, and pies,[4] and may have pain killing properties (antinociceptive effects).[5]

Ornamental[edit]

Vaccinium virgatum is grown as an ornamental plant, especially for its fall colors, typically bright orange or red.[4]

Cultivation[edit]

Vaccinium virgatum grows best on acid soil and is subject to few pests and diseases. Because it is not self-fruitful, two compatible varieties should be planted next to each other to maintain fruiting. If maintained with mulching, it may endure temperatures as low as 10 degrees Fahrenheit. The plants mature to heights from 3 to 6 feet, with a width of up to 3 feet. The plant has few insect or disease problems, however birds and squirrels consume its fruit.[4]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b  Vaccinium virgatum was originally described and published in Hortus Kewensis 2:12. 1789. (V. amoenum, which was later determined to be a synonym of V. virgatum, was also described in the same publication.) "Vaccinium virgatum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved January 9, 2012.
  2. ^ a b "Vaccinium virgatum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved July 8, 2012.
  3. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Vaccinium virgatum". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 28 July 2015.
  4. ^ a b c d e Bruce Asakawa; Sharon Asakawa (3 September 2001). California Gardener's Guide. Cool Springs Press. pp. 44–45. ISBN 978-1-930604-47-6. Retrieved 25 November 2011.
  5. ^ Maria Rosana Ramirez, Leandra Guterres, Odila E. Dickel, Micheli R. de Castro, Amelia T. Henriques, Márcia M. de Souza, Daniela Martí Barros "Preliminary Studies on the Antinociceptive Activity of Vaccinium ashei Berry in Experimental Animal Models." Journal of Medicinal Food. April 2010: 336-342

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vaccinium_virgatum&oldid=1080595144"